ارزیابی ریزساختار نانوکامپوزیت کوپلیمر (اکریلونیتریل- بوتادین)تقویت شده به وسیله نانوکربنات کلسیم با استفاده از آزمون نفوذپذیری

فصلنامه علمی - پژوهشی مواد نوین

مقاله 3، دوره 6، شماره 22- زمستان 94، بهمن و اسفند 1394، صفحه 29-44   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

زهرا شکوری^*

دانشجوی دکتری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد امیدیه.

تاریخ دریافت: 31 اردیبهشت 1395،  تاریخ پذیرش: 31 اردیبهشت 1395 

چکیده

تلاش برای دستیابی به کاهش شایان توجه نفوذپذیری مواد پلیمری در برابر مایعات و گازها برای تولید فرآورده های پلیمری خنثی در کاربردهای مهندسی از جایگاهی ویژه­ در پژوهش ها برخوردار است. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی رفتار نفوذپذیری کوپلیمر (اکریلونیتریل- بوتادین) تقویت شده به وسیله نانوذرات کربنات کلسیم در محدوده دمایی °C45-25 و هم­چنین، استفاده از آزمون­ نفوذپذیری حلال جهت ارزیابی ریزساختار نانوکامپوزیت­های پلیمری است. نتایج نشان می­دهند که غلظت نانوذره در نانوکامپوزیت نقشی تعیین کننده در مقادیر ضرایب نفوذ، جذب و تراوایی نانوکامپوزیت دارد و با افزایش نانوکربنات کلسیم تا مقدار بهینه (15-10 درصد)، روند کاهشی در ضرایب دیده می­شود (کاهش 22 درصدی ضریب نفوذ) و در غلظت­های بالاتر، روند صعودی بویژه در دماهای بالاتر مشاهده شد. با افزایش درجه حرارت، مکانیسم نفوذ در   نانوکامپوزیت­های تولیدی به حالت نفوذ فیکی نزدیکتر گردید.افزایش غلظت نانوذره مقدار تورم و سرعت نفوذ حلال و        هم­چنین، انرژی فعالسازی (تا حدود دو برابر) کاهش نشان می دهند.با استفاده از تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی ریزساختار و پراکندگی نانوذرات کربنات کلسیم در بستر پلیمری ارزیابی و ارتباطی مناسب میان ریزساختار و نتایج تجربی بدست آمده (آزمون­ نفوذپذیری و مکانیکی) برقرار گردید. روی هم رفته، آزمون­های نفوذپذیری، مکانیکی و تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی ریزساختار رفتاری مشابه برای نانوکامپوزیت­های تولیدی ارایه نمودند و می­توان پیشنهاد کرد که از آزمون­ نفوذپذیری به عنوان شیوه­ای ارزان­قیمت و ساده برای شناسایی و ارزیابی خواص نانوکامپوزیت­های پلیمری استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

نانوکامپوزیت؛ نانوکربنات کلسیم؛ ریزساختار؛ نفوذپذیری؛ خواص مکانیکی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Microstructure Evaluation of Acrylonitril-Butadiene Copolymer Nanocomposites Reinforced by Nano-Calcium Carbonate by Permeability Test

نویسندگان [English]

Z Shakouri

چکیده [English]

Attempt to significant decreasing of permeability of polymeric material in versus liquid and gases for production of inert polymeric products in engineering applications have special situation in research. The purpose of this research is to study the permeability behavior of Acrylonitril-Butadiene copolymerre inforced by calcium carbonate nanoparticles in the temperature range 25–45°Cand using the solvent permeability tests to microstructure evaluation of the polymer nanocomposites. Results show the concentration of nano particle plays an important role in the diffusion, sorption and permeation coefficients and by increasing the amount ofnano-CaCO₃up to optimum content (10-15%) decrease in the secoefficients (22% decrease in diffusion coefficient)is observed, whereas for higher concentrations, especially at higher temperature increasing trend were obtained for the secoefficients. By increase temperature, diffusion mechanism is more close to Ficki an mechanism. Increase of nano particle concentration in nanocomposite decrease ultimate swelling and diffusion rate of solvent and also activation energy (up to two fold).The micro structure and the dispersion of nano-CaCO₃in the polymer matrix was evaluated using SEM micrographs and an appropriate relationship was established between the micro structure and the experimental results(permeability and mechanical properties).In general, swelling test and mechanical analysis an delectron micro scope images were presented similar behavior for prepared nanocomposites and can be recommended that swelling and permeability test scan be used as an inexpensive and simple method to characterization and evaluation of the properties of polymer nanocomposites.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Nanocomposite, Nano-Calcium Carbonate, Microstructure, Permeability, mechanical properties

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