تحلیل مشروعیت شرط عدم طلاق با نگاه به مقاصد شریعت در حوزه خانواده

فصلنامه زن و جامعه

مقاله 8، دوره 9، شماره 34، شهریور 1397، صفحه 191-210   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مهدی شوشتری^{* 1}؛ امین نجفیان²

¹استادیار فقه و مبانی حقوق دانشکده شهید محلاتی

²دکترای فقه و مبانی حقوق دانشکده شهید محلاتی قم

تاریخ دریافت: 23 تیر 1395،  تاریخ بازنگری: 17 تیر 1397،  تاریخ پذیرش: 07 شهریور 1397 

چکیده

شرط عدم طلاق در عقد نکاح، می‌تواند از وقوع بسیاری از طلاق ها جلوگیری نماید؛ به این معنا که زوج، ضمن عقد نکاح، متعهد گردد جز در موارد خاص، همسر خویش را طلاق ندهد. فقها، پیرامون مشروعیت شرط مذکور، نظرات متفاوتی ارائه نموده‌اند لیکن موضوع این مقاله تحلیل اعتبار شرط عدم طلاق با توجه به مقاصد شریعت می‌باشد. توجه به مقاصد شریعت در آراء فقهای امامیه جایگاه مهمی دارد و فقهای مقصدگرا ضمن اشاره به امکان کشف مقاصد شریعت، مقاصد مختلفی برای جعل نکاح ذکر کرده‌اند. این مقاله با توجه به مقاصد شریعت در نکاح، با شیوه توصیفی تحلیلی به بررسی مشروعیت شرط عدم طلاق پرداخته و شرط عدم طلاق را با لحاظ شرایطی، موافق مقصد شارع در حوزه خانواده می‌داند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

شرط ضمن عقد؛ شرط عدم طلاق؛ مقاصد شریعت؛ خانواده

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing theL of Non-Annulling Divorce Condition in the Light of Objectives of Divine Law on Family

نویسندگان [English]

M Shooshtari¹؛ A Najafian²

چکیده [English]

    Condition of not annulling divorce which is attached to marriage contract prevents seeking divorce among couples to a great extents. This condition bounds husband to refrain from ending the marriage contract except in special cases. Whether this condition attached to marriage contract is legitimate or not, has been the subject of a great debate. Thus, the current research is an attempt to investigate the validity of this condition in the light of objectives of divine law. Attending objectives of divine law has a weighty importance in the view of Imamiyah jurists. Emphasizing the importance of identifying these objectives, the aforesaid jurists have stated many objectives for marriage contract, derived from the law. Therefore, adopting a descriptive-analytical method, the current research has dug into the legitimacy of the condition of not annulling divorce attached to marriage contracts and concluded that this condition is in line with the objectives of divine law and aimed at securing the stability of family.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Condition Under Contract, the Condition of Not Annulling Divorce, Objectives of Divine Law, family

مراجع

-        QURAN

-        Aboo Davod. Soleaman. Cairo: Dar al-Hadith Scientific Institute. Sonan Abi Davod. (Arabic)

-        Akhond Khorasani. Mohammad Kazem. Qom: Alolbayt. Kefayah Al-Osool. 1988. (Arabic)

-        Ale Kashef Al- Geta. Mohammad Hosean. Najaf: Al- Maktabat Al- Mortazaviah. Tahrir Al- Majellah. 1940. (Arabic)

-        Ali Akbarian. Hasan Ali. Journal of jurisprudence. Solve Conflict and Conflict. 2012. (Persian)

-        Alidoost. Abolghasem. Islamic Law Magazine. The jurisprudential citation in the Shari'a tale of the critique. 2009. (Persian)

-        Ardebili. Ahmad. Qom: Islamic Publishers Office. Majma Al- Faedah. 1982. (Arabic)

-        Ayazi. Mohammad Ali. Tehran: Islamic Center of Science and Culture.  Criteria for the rules and procedures for its development. 2007. (Persian)

-        Bahrani. Yousof. Qom: Islamic Publishing House. Al- Hadaegh Al- Nazerah. 1947. (Arabic)

-        Fasi. Alal. Bearut: Dar Al- Gharb Al- Eslameyah. Maqased Al- Shariah Al- Eslameyah. 1993. (Arabic)

-        Fazel Meghdad. Meghdad Ibn Abdollah. Qom: Publishing House of Ayatollah Marashi Najafi. Al- Tanghih Al- Raeh. 1983. (Arabic)

-        Golpaygani. Lotf Allah. Tehran: Institute for the Setting up and Publication of Imam Khomeini Works. Imam Khomeini and the Islamic government. 1999. (Persian)

-        Haeri Esfahani. Mohammad Hosean. Qom: Dare Ehya Al- Oloom Al- Eslameyah. Al- Fosool Al Gharaviah. 1983. (Arabic)

-        Haeri. SEyyad Kazem. Qom: Assembly of Islamic thought. Feghh Al- Oghood. 2002. (Arabic)

-        Hakim. Seyyed Mohammad Saead. Bearut: Dar Al- Safvah. Menhaj Al- Salehin. 1994. (Arabic)

-        Hedayat Nia. Faraj Allah. Qom: Organization of Publications of the Research Center for Culture and Islamic Studies. Secondary titles and family rights. 2013. (Persian)

-        Helli. Jafar Ebn Hasan. Tehran: Esteghlal. Sharayea Al- Eslam. 1988. (Arabic)

-        Horre Ameli. Mohammad Ebn Hasan. Qom: Al-Alibit Institute. Vasael Al- Shiah. 1988. (Arabic)

-        Hoseani. Mohammad. Qom: Markaz Al- GHadir. Al- Ejtehad Va Al- Hayat. 1996. (Arabic)

-        Ibn Ashoor. Mohammad Taher. Jordan: Dar Al- Nafaes. Maqased Al Shariah Al- Eslameyah. 2000. (Arabic)

-        Ibn Babeveyh. Mohammad Ibn Ali. Qom: Davari Bookstore. Elal Al- Sharayea. 1966. (Arabic)

-        Ibn Babeveyh. Mohammad Ibn Ali. Qom: Islamic Cultural Institute of Kushanbur. Rozah Al-Mottaghin. 1985. (Arabic)

-        Ibn Babeveyh. Mohammad Ibn Ali. Qom: Islamic Publishing House of Qom Seminary. Al- Khesal. 1983. (Arabic)

-        Ibn Babeveyh. Mohammad Ibn Ali. Tehran: Sadouq Publishing. Man la Yahzoroh Al- Faghih. 1988. (Arabic)

-        Imam Khomeini Islamic Studies Center. CD. Treasures of Jurisprudence-Judiciary. (Persian)

-        Kashani Feyz. Mohammad Mohsen. Qom: Publishing House of Ayatollah Marashi Najafi. Mafatih Al- Sharayea (Arabic)

-        Khooyi. Seyyad Abolghasem. Qom: Al- MatbaAh Al- Elmiyah. Al- Mostanad Fi Sharh Al- Orvah. 1992. (Arabic)

-        Khooyi. Seyyad Abolghasem. Qom: Dar Al- Hadi. Al-Ejtehad Va Al- Tghlid. 1989. (Arabic)

-        Khooyi. Seyyad Abolghasem. Qom: Davari Bookstore. Mesbah Al- Osool. 1996. (Arabic)

-        Khooyi. Seyyad Abolghasem. Qom: Institute for the Revival of Imam Khoi Works. 1997. (Arabic)

-        Koleyni. Mohammad. Tehran: Dar Al- Kotob Al- Eslameyah. Al- Osool Men Al- Kafi. 1943. (Arabic)

-        Komeani. Rouh Allah. Qom: Institute for the Setting up and Publication of Imam Khomeini Works. Ketab Al- Beya. 2000. (Arabic)

-        Komeani. Rouh Allah. Qom: Institute for the Setting up and Publication of Imam Khomeini Works. Ketab Al- Taharah. 2000. (Arabic)

-        Majlesi. Mohammad Bagher. Bearut: Alvafa. Behar Al- Anvar. 1982. (Arabic)

-        Majlesi. Mohammad Bagher. Tehran: Dar Al- Kotob Al- Eslameyah. Merat Al- Oghool. 1983. (Arabic)

-        Marefat. Mohammad Hadi. The cosmos of thought. Realism in Imam's jurisprudential insight. N.29.

-        Mehrizi. Mahdi. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance publishing and publishing organization. Jurisprudence research. 2000. (Persian)

-        Meshkini. Ali. Qom:Publishing alhadi. Al-Feghh Al- Masoor. 1997. (Arabic)

-        Mirza Qomi. Abolghasem. Qom: Islamic Propagation Office of Khorasan. Al- Rasael Al- Mirza. 2006. (Arabic)

-        Moghneyeh. Mohammad Javad. Qom: Ansariyan Institute. Feghh Al- Emam Sadegh. 2000. (Arabic)

-        Mohaghegh Helli. Jafar Ibn Hasan. Qom: Al-Alibit Institute. Maarej Al- Osool. 1982. (Arabic)

-        Mohaghegh Helli. Jafar Ibn Hasan. Qom: Ayatullah Marashi Najafi Library Publications. Al- Rasael Al- Tesa. 1992. (Arabic)

-        Mohaghegh Helli. Jafar Ibn Hasan. Tehran: Esteghlal. Sharaye Al- Eslam. 1988. (Arabic)

-        Moosavi Hamedani. Mohammad Bagher. Qom:  Islamic Publishing. Interpreting Al-Mizan's Interpretation. 1995. (Persian)

-        Najafi. Mohammad Hasan. Bearut: Dar Ehya Al- Toras Al- Arabi. Javaher Al- Kalam. 1983. (Arabic)

-        Ruohani. Mohammad Sadegh. Qom: School of Imam Sadiq School. Feghh Al-Sadegh. 2000. (Arabic)

-        Shahid Avval. Mohammad Ebn Makki. Qom: Al - Bayt Heritage Foundation. Zekra Al- Sheah Fi Ahkam Al Shriah. 1998. (Arabic)

-        Shahid Avval. Mohammad Ebn Makki. Qom: Dar Al- Fekr. Al- Lomah. 1990. (Arabic)

-        Shahid Avval. Mohammad Ebn Makki. Qom: Mofid Bookstore. Al- Ghavaed Va Al- Favaed. (Arabic)

-        Shahid Sani. Zean Al-Din. Qom: Al- Maaref Al- Eslameyah. Masalek Al- Efham.1992. (Arabic)

-        Shahid Sani. Zean Al-Din. Qom: Davari Bookstore. Al- Rozah Al- Bahiah. 1989. (Arabic)

-        Shams Al- Din. Mohammad Mahdi. Bearut: Al- Foundation for Studies and Publishing.  Al- Ejtehad Va Al- Tajdid. 1999. (Arabic)

-        Sistani. Seyyed Ali. Qom:  The office of Grand Ayatollah Sistani. Al- Rafed Fi Elm Al- Osool. 1993. (Arabic)

-        Sobhani. Jafar. Bearut: Dar Al- Azvae. Masader Al- Feghh Al- Eslameyah. 1999. (Arabic)

-        Sobhani. Jafar. Qom: Comprehensive Jurisprudence Software. Al- Eatesam Belketab Va Al- Sonnah. (Arabic)

-        Taei. Sarmad. Ghazaya Eslamiah Moaserah. Maqsed Al-Sharia. 2000. (Arabic)

-        Taskhiri. Mohammad Ali. Tehran: Approximation thought. Purposeful Fiqh and its authority. 2009. (Persian)

-        Toosi. Mohammad Ebn Hasan. Tehran: Islamic Library. Al- Estebsar. 1970. (Arabic)

-        Toosi. Mohammad Ebn Hasan. Tehran: Islamic Library. Tahzib Al- Ahkam. 1945. (Arabic)

-        Vahid Behbahani. Mohammad Bagher. Qom: Majma Al- Fekr Al- Eslami. Al-Favaed Al- Haereyah. 1994. (Arabic)

-        Yoosof. Abdollah Ahmad. Bearut: Dar Al- Hadi. Al- Ejtehad Va Al- Tajdid. 2001. (Arabic)