تنظیم هیجان و رضایت زناشویی: نقش واسطه ای نشخوار خشم

فصلنامه زن و جامعه

مقاله 1، دوره 10، شماره 38، مرداد 1398، صفحه 1-18   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

اطهر دامن کشان¹؛ راضیه شیخ الاسلامی^{* 2}

¹دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی تربیتی، گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز. شیراز، ایران.

²دانشیار روان‌شناسی تربیتی، گروه روان‌شناسی تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت: 12 اسفند 1397،  تاریخ بازنگری: 23 تیر 1398،  تاریخ پذیرش: 07 مرداد 1398 

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش بررسی اثر تنظیم هیجان بر رضایت زناشویی از طریق نشخوار خشم در بین زنان متاهل بود. نمونه شامل  306 نفر از زنان متاهل بودند که به نحو تصادفی از بین زنان مراجعه‌کننده به مرکز مشاوره شهر لار انتخاب شدند.. ابزارهای استفاده شده در این پژوهش مقیاس تنظیم شناختی هیجان Granefske & Kraaij, 2002)( ، مقیاس نشخوار خشم (Suchodolsky & et al., 2001) و مقیاس رضایت زناشویی انریچ (Olson, 2006) بودند. برای بررسی روایی و پایایی این ابزارها از روش همسانی درونی و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شد. ارزیابی الگوی پیشنهادی با استفاده از روش مدل‌یابی معادلات ساختاری (نرم افزار 21AMOS-) انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد راهبردهای سازگارانه و ناسازگارانه تنظیم شناختی هیجان اثر مستقیم بر رضایت زناشویی ندارند. راهبردهای سازگارانه به نحو منفی و راهبردهای ناسازگارانه به نحو مثبت نشخوار خشم را پیش‌بینی نمودند. از بین ابعاد نشخوار خشم، افکار انتقام‌جویانه و خاطرات خشم اثر منفی بر رضایت زناشویی نشان دادند. نتایج آزمون بوت استراپ نشان داد، راهبردهای سازگارانه از طریق کاهش افکار انتقام‌جویانه و خاطرات خشم منجر به افزایش رضایت زناشویی می‌شوند. راهبردهای ناسازگارانه نیز از طریق افزایش افکار انتقام‌جویانه و خاطرات خشم، رضایت زناشویی را کاهش می‌دهند. در مجموع نتایج این پژوهش نشانگر نقش واسطه‌ای نشخوار خشم در رابطه بین راهبردهای تنظیم هیجان و رضایت زناشویی در زنان متأهل است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تنظیم هیجان؛ رضایت زناشویی؛ نشخوار خشم

عنوان مقاله [English]

Emotional Regulation and Marital Satisfaction: The Mediating Role of Anger Rumination

نویسندگان [English]

athar damankeshan¹؛ Razieh Sheikhoslami²

¹educational psychology, Faculty Educational Science and Psychology. Shiraz,Iran

²Associate Professor, Department of Educational Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research was examining the effect of emotional regulation on marital satisfaction through anger rumination among married women in city of Lar. The sample included 306 married women who were selected randomly from women referring to Lar city counselling center. The instruments used in this study were the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Scale (Granefske & Kraaij, 2002), Anger Rumination Scale (Suchodolsky, & et al., 2001), and Enrich's Marital Satisfaction Scale (Olson, 2006). To assess the validity and reliability of these tools, internal consistency and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were used. The proposed model was evaluated using structural equation model (AMOS-21 software). Results.showed adaptive and maladaptive strategies of cognitive emotion regulation haven’t direct effect on marital satisfaction. Adaptive strategies negatively and maladaptive strategies positively predicted anger rumination. Memories of anger and Revenge Thoughts (from anger rumination components) showed negative effect on marital satisfaction. Results of   Bootstrap test indicated that adaptive strategies result to increase marital satisfaction through decrease memories of anger and revenge Thoughts. Also, maladaptive strategies result to decrease marital satisfaction through increase memories of anger and revenge Thoughts. In sum, results of this research show the mediating role of anger rumination in the relationship between emotional regulation and marital satisfaction among married women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

anger rumination, emotional regulation, marital satisfaction

مراجع

  Aldao A,  McLaughlin K. A.,  Hatzenbuehler M. L., &  Sheridan M. A. (2014), The Relationship between Rumination and Affective, Cognitive, and Physiological Responses to Stress in Adolescents.  Journal of Express Psychopathology, 5(3): 272–288.

Baumeister, P. M. (2007). Marital satisfaction Definition. (Encyc)-45348.qxd.Avalible at www.indabook.org.

Besharat, M. A., Taheri, M., & Gholamali Lavasani, M. (2016). Comparison of perfectionism, my strength, anger and anger rumination in patients with major depressive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Quarterly Journal of Cultural Advice and Psychotherapy, 7 (26): 87-115. (Persian).

Beyrami, M., Fahimi, S.,  Akbari, E., & Amiri Maktabi, A. (2012). Marital satisfaction prediction based on attachment styles and differentiation components. Journal of Basic Principles of Mental Health, 14 (1): 27-34. (Persian).

Birnbaum G. E. (2010). Bound to interact: The divergent goals and complex interplay of attachment and sex within romantic relationships. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 27:  245–252.

Bloch L., Haase C. M., & Levenson R.W. (2014). Emotion regulation predicts marital satisfaction: More than a wives’ tale. Emotion, 14(1): 130–144.

Bolhari, J., Ramezanzadeh, F., Abedinia, N., Naghizadeh, M., Pahlavani, H., & Saberi, S. M. (2012). Examining some causes leading to divorce in couples applying for divorce in Tehran courts.  Epidemiologic Journal of Iran, 8 (1): 83-93. (Persian).

Busch F. N. (2009). Anger and depression. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 15, 271-278.

Chang E. P., Ecker K.H, Page A.C. (2017).  Impaired memory updating associated with impaired recall of negative words in dysphoric rumination—Evidence for a removal deficit.  Behaviour Research and Therapy, 93: 22-28.

Connor-Smith J. K., Flachsbart C. (2008). Relations between Personality and Coping: A MetaAnalysis.  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 93(6): 1080-1107.

Disney L. K., Weinstein, Y., Oltmanns F., & Thomas K. (2012). Personality disorder symptoms are differentially related to divorce frequency.  Journal of Family Psychology, 26 (6), 959 –965.

Dor Ali, R., & Sohrabi, N.  (2014). The Relationship between Marital Conflict Mediation in Relationship between Cognitive-Emotional Regulation Styles and Sexual Quality. Practical Consultation, 4 (2): 37-48. (Persian).

Feldhaus M., Heintz-Martin V. (2015). Long-term effects of parental separation: Impacts of parental separation during childhood on the timing and the risk of cohabitation, marriage, and divorce in adulthood.  Advances in Life Course Research, 26: 22-31.

Fuentes M. D. M. S., Iglesias P. S. (2014). A systematic review of sexual satisfaction. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 14(1), 67-75.

Garnefski N., Karaj V. (2006). Relationship between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms: A comparative study of five specific samples. Personality and Individual Differences, 40: 1659-69.

Garnefski N., Kraaij V., Spinhoven, P. (2001). Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and depression. Personality and Individual Differences, 30: 1311-1327.

Gresham D., Gullone E. (2012(.  Emotion regulation strategy use in children and adolescents: The explanatory roles of personality and attachment. Personal and Individual Difference; 52(5):616-21.

Gross J. J. (2006). The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of General Psychology, 2: 271-299.

Hashemi Z, Aliloo M., & Hashemi NosratAbad T. (2010). Efficacy of cognitive therapy in major depressive disorder: a case report.  Journal of Clinical Psychology, 3:85-98. (Persian).

Henderson A. W., Lehavot K., & Simoni, J. M. (2009). Ecological models of sexual satisfaction among lesbian/bisexual and heterosexual women. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 38: 50-65.

Hoyer J,  Gloster A. T., & Herzberg PH. Y. (2009). Is worry different from rumination? Yes, it is more predictive of psychopathology! Psychosocial Medecine Journal, 6:1-6.

Jafari Nadoushan, A., Zare, H., Henzai, A., Poursalehi, N., & Zeini, M.  (2015). The Study and Comparison of Mental Health and Adjustment and Emotional Setting of Divorce Women with Married Women in Yazd.  Journal of Women and Society, 6 (2): 1-16. (Persian).

Jong-Meyer R. D., Beck B., & Riede K. (2009). Relationships between rumination, worry, intolerance of uncertainty and metacognitive beliefs. Personality and Individual Differences, 46(4): 547–55.

Karreman A., Laceulle O. M., Hanser W. E., & Vingerhoets A. J. J. M. (2017). Effects of emotion regulation strategies on music-elicited emotions: An experimental study explaining individual differences. Personality and Individual Differences, 114: 36-41.

Khalatbari J., Ghorbanshiroudi SH., Niaz Azari K., Bazleh N., & Safaryazdi N.(2013). The Relationship between Marital Satisfaction (Based on Religious Criteria) and Emotional Stability. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 84(9): 869-873. (Persian).

Kirwan M., Pickett S. M., & Jarrett N. L. (2017). Emotion regulation as a moderator between anxiety symptoms and insomnia symptom severity. Psychiatry Research, 254: 40-47.

Kolubinski D. C., Nikcevic  A. V., Lawrence J. A., & Spada M. M.(2017). The Metacognitions about Self-Critical Rumination Questionnaire.  Journal of Affective Disorders, 45,421-434.

Kwon, P., Olson M. L. (2007). Rumination and depressive symptoms: Moderating role of defense style immaturity. Personality and Individual Differences, 43, 715-724.

Lavner J. A, Clark M. A. (2017). Workload and marital satisfaction over time: Testing lagged spillover and crossover effects during the newlywed years. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 101: 67-76.

Lee T. Y., Sun GH., & Chao SC. (2009).The effect of an infertility diagnosis on the distress, marital and sexual satisfaction between husbands and wives in Taiwan. Human Reproduction, 16(8):1762-67.

MacNeil S., Byers E. S. (2009). Role of sexual self-disclosure in the sexual satisfaction of long-term heterosexual couples. Journal of Sex Research, 46, 3-14.

Mahini, SH., Timurid, S., & Rahimi, S. (2013). Comparison of cognitive emotion regulation strategies and thought-action mixing strategies in couples applying for divorce and normal couples mediating the role of gender. Quarterly Journal of Family Counseling and Psychotherapy, 3 (3): 1-10. (Persian).

Maneta E. K., Cohen S., Schulz M. S., & Waldinger R. J. (2015). Linkages between childhood emotional abuse and marital satisfaction: The mediating role of empathic accuracy for hostile emotions. Child Abuse & Neglect, 44: 8-17.

Martin A. J., Marsh H. W. (2009). Academic resilience and academic buoyancy: multidimensional and hierarchical conceptual framing of causes. Correlates and CognateConstructs, 27: 353-370.

Modarresi, F., Zahedian, S. H., & Hashemi Mohammad Abadi, N. (2015). Marital adjustment and love quality in divorce applicants with a history of marital infidelity and lack of marital infidelity history.  Arminjan Danesh, 19 (1): 78-88. (Persian).

Polosan M., Spinelli E., Koster E. H. W., & Lœvenbruck H. (2017). Orofacial electromyographic correlates of induced verbal rumination.  Biological Psychology, 127: 53-63.

Raes F. (2010). Rumination and worry as mediators of the relationship between self-compassion and depression and anxiety. Personality and Individual Differences, 48(6): 757–761.

Rahmani, N., Qassimi, M., Mohtashemi, J., Alavi Majd, H., & Yaghmaei, F. (2010). Psychological, Social, and Economic Causes of Divorce of Applicants for Family Divorce Tribunals of Tehran, 2005-2006. Magazine Methods and Psychological Models, 4 (3 and 4): 2-14. (Persian).

Raghibi, M., & Gharakhchahi, M.  (2013). The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence in Women and Men in Divorce and Compliance. Journal of Womenand Society, Vol. 4, No. 13, 123-140. (Persian).

Richardson C. M. E. (2017). Emotion regulation in the context of daily stress: Impact on daily affect.  Personality and Individual Differences, 112: 150-156.

Rawal A., Park R. J., & Williams G. M. (2010). Rumination, experiential avoidance, and dysfunctional thinking in eating disorders. Behavior Research and Therapy, 48(9): 851–859.

Samani, S., & Sadeghi, L. (2010). The Sufficiency of Psychometric Indicators of Cognitive Thinking Regulation. Magazine Methods and Psychological Models, 8 (1): 18-25. (Persian).

Soleimanian, A. (2004). Investigating the Impact of Irrational Thoughts on MaritalNeglegation. Master Thesis: Tarbiat Moallem University. Tehran. (Persian).

Suchodolsky D. G., Golab, A., & Cromwell, E. N. (2001). Development and the validation of anger rumination scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 31, 689-700.

Talebi, M., & Ghobari Bonab, B. (2013). Determining the relationship between self-differentiation, emotional intelligence and marital satisfaction in counseling centers in Shahrood. Women and Family Studies, 5 (18): 15-32. (Persian).

Watkins E. R. (2008). Constructive and Unconstructive Repetitive Thought, Psychological Bulletin. Psycholgical Bulletin; 134(2): 163–206.

Zare, M., & Rezaei, A. (2016). The mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation in the relationship between personality traits and marital satisfaction of working class couples in Marvdasht.  Quarterly Journal of Method and Psychological Models, 7 (24): 91-102. (Persian).