اثربخشی آموزش توانمندسازی فردی برخودکارآمدی، کارآفرینی و انسجام خانواده در زنان سرپرست خانوار

فصلنامه زن و جامعه

دوره 11، شماره 44، بهمن 1399، صفحه 289-308   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

رضوان همائی^{* 1}؛ مهین سیاحی²

¹استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.

²دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه روانشناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت: 26 بهمن 1398،  تاریخ بازنگری: 29 مرداد 1399،  تاریخ پذیرش: 08 دی 1399 

چکیده

زنان سرپرست خانوار یکی از آسیب پذیرترین اقشار جامعه در برابر آسیب‌های اجتماعی هستند و توانمندسازی می‌تواند به آنان در کاهش مشکلات اقتصادی و اجتماعی کمک نماید. این پژوهش با هدف تبیین اثربخشی آموزش توانمندسازی فردی برخودکارآمدی، کارآفرینی و انسجام خانواده در زنان سرپرست خانوار انجام شد. جامعه آماری زنان سرپرست خانوار تحت پوشش کمیته امداد امام خمینی (ره) در شهر اهواز بود. از میان این گروه، به صورت در دسترس 40 نفر انتخاب و به تصادف در دو گروه (20 نفری) کنترل و آزمایش قرار گرفتند. پژوهش حاضر از نوع نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون و پس آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. در این پژوهش از پرسشنامه خودکارآمدی شرر و پرسشنامه کارآفرینی احمدپورداریانی و انسجام خانواده اولسون استفاده شد. گروه آزمایش در طول 9 جلسه ، هرجلسه به مدت 60 دقیقه، جلسات آموزش توانمندسازی فردی کریمی‌وکیل و همکاران را دریافت کردند. داده‌های گردآوری شده با استفاده از آزمون آماری تحلیل کوواریانس مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند (P

کلیدواژه‌ها

"توانمندسازی فردی"؛ "خودکارآمدی"؛ "کارآفرینی"؛ "انسجام خانواده"؛ "زنان سرپرست خانوار"

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effectiveness of individual empowerment training on Self-efficacy, entrepreneurship and family cohesion in female heads of The household of Ahvaz

نویسندگان [English]

Rezvan Homaei¹؛ Mahin Sayyahi²

¹Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.

²MA Student of Psychology, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Women-Headed Households Are One Of The Most Vulnerable Sections Of Society To Social Harm And Empowerment Can Help Them Alleviate Economic And Social Problems. The Study Aim To Effectiveness Of Individual Empowerment Training On Self-Efficacy, Entrepreneurship And Family Cohesion In Female Heads Of The Household In The Test Before And After The Test And Control. The Statistical Population Of Households Headed By Imam Khomeini Relief Committee Was Ahvaz. From This Group, 40 People Were Selected And Randomly Divided Into Two Groups Of 20 Controls And Tested. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest and post-test design with a control group. In This Research, Sherer's Self-Efficacy Questionnaire And Entrepreneurship Questionnaire Ahmad Poordaryani And Olson's Family Cohesion. During The 9 Sessions, The experimental group received individual empowerment training of KarimiVakil For 60 Minutes. The collected data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (p

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

"individual empowerment", "Self-efficacy", "entrepreneurship", "family cohesion", "women at the head of the household"

مراجع

-Abbaszadeh, M. Bodaghi, A. & Agdasi Almdari, F. (2014). Empower Women-Headed Households With An Emphasis On Indigenous Solutions. Tehran: Proceedings Of The National Conference On Empowerment, 112-139.

-Abolghasemi, S.h. Faah, Q.. Baba, T & Hoa, Q.. K.. (2013). Comparison of the Effectiveness of Encouragement Training and Life Skills on the Self-Efficacy of Addict's Wives. Journal of North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, 4 (3).

-Afshani, A. R. & Fatehi, E. (2016). Empowerment Of Female-Headed Households And Related Socio-Cultural Factors: Study Of Women Under Cover Of Tabriz Imam Khomeini Relief Committee.

-Alvani, M. Hamidi, N & Mohammadi, N. )2009(. Entrepreneurship And Individual Entrepreneurship: A Study In The General Directorate Of Physical Education In Zanjan Province. Qazvin Islamic Azad University Of Management And Development Journal.

-Ashouri, C. architecture, z & saeedi, h. (2015). The impact of life skills training on self-efficacy and family functioning in female-headed households. Social Work Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 2, 28-36.

-Bandura., A. (1993). Perceived Self-Efficacy In Cognitive Development And Functioning. Educational Psychologist28(2):117–48.

-Bidokhti, A & GhiasAldin, A. (2015). Investigating Factors Affecting Employee Empowerment (Case Study: Semnan Province Cooperative Office, Labor And Social Welfare). 135 Social, Economic, Scientific And Cultural Journal Of Work And Society. Pages 55-65.

-Davis, C., Sloan, M., & Tang, C. (2011). Role occupancy, quality, and psychological distress among Caucasian and African American women. Affilia, 26(1), 72-82.‏

-Fizpatrick, J. A., & Gomez, T. R. (2011). Still caught in a trap: The continued povertization of women. Affilia Journal of Women and Social Work, 12(3), 318-342.

-Galloway, L., Anderson, M., Brown, W., & Wilson, L. (2005). Entreprise skill for the economy. Education & Training Journal, 47, 1.

-Ghodsian, H. Molamohammadi, M. & ShahHoseieni, Z. (2015). The Impact Of Vocational Training On Women's Empowerment. Learning Skill: 65 - Volume 6, Number 11, Pages 1.

-Giuliano., P. (2014). The Role Of Women In Society: From Preindustrial To Modern Times. Cesifo Economic Studies, 10, 33-52.

-Hayati., H.  (2017). An Investigation Of The Spiritual Experiences And Responsibility Of Women In The Family. Social Psychological Studies Of Women, 15(2), 185-203.

-Idogho, P. O., et al. (2011). Entrepreneurship education and small-scale business management skill development among students of Auchi Polytechnic Auchi, Edo state, Nigeria. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(3), 284-288.

-Karimivakil, A., Shafiabadi, A., Farahbakhsh, K., & Younesi, J. (2017). Effectiveness of psychological empowerment training program based on individual psychology Adler's theory on female-headed household’s learned helplessness.‏

-Moradi, A. Sajjadi, h. Researcher Kamal, Q. H, ... & Ghaydi Amini. (2016). Evaluation of social health of children at work referring to Tehran Children's Rights Protection Center in 1393. Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, 14 (11), 977-988.

-Nazokhtar, H & Weissy, R. (2008), Social, Narrative and Economic Status of Household-Headed Women in Mazandaran Province, Social Welfare Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 27, 95-114.

-Olson, D. H. (2010). Circumplex Model Of Marital And Family Systems. Journal Of Family Therapy, 22, 144-167.

-Rutledge, M. S. (2014). How Long Do Unemployed Older Workers Search For A Job. The Centre For Retirement Research At Boston College, 14, 1-6.

-Samani., S. (2001). Investigating the causal model of family cohesion, emotional independence and adjustment. PhD Thesis. Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shiraz University.

-Sherer, M., Maddux, J. E., Mercandante, B., Prentice-Dunn, S., Jacobs, B., & Rogers, R. W. (1982). The Self-Efficacy Scale: Construction And Validation. Psychological Reports,51(2), 663-671.

-Shikh Eslami, F, Ahirodi, GH. (2016). The Effectiveness Of Stress Coping Skills Training With Educational Psychological Approach On Family Functioning And Psychosocial Well-Being Of Caregivers Of Schizophrenic Patients. Comprehensive Nursing And Midwifery Journal. 26(3), 46-54.

-Sufi, M. & Rezaei, A.A. (2015), Investigating the Impact of Entrepreneurship Training as a Cultural Factor on Women's Empowerment, Journal of Cultural Management, Volume 9, Number Twenty-Seven, 28-15.

-Tabatabaei Yahyaabadi, SH., Hosseinian, S & Gharanjiki, B. (2011). General Health, Stress Associated To The Work And Job Satisfaction Of Hormozgan Cement Factory Employees In Iran. Procedia- Social And Behavioral Sciences Journal 30:1897-1901 (2ndworld Conference Of Psychology, Counseling And Guidance. Antalya, Turkey, 25/5/2011 To 29/5/2011).

-Tajuddin, M.B & Rahmati Wala, L. (2014). National Media and Empowerment of Women-Headed Households (Case Study: Women-Headed Households of District 18 of Tehran). Strategic Studies in Women (Women's Book), 17 (65), 119-161.

-Vandita, L. Rajesh, G. Pamela, M. Diamond, H.Margaret, R. Spitz, K. Anna, V. Wilkinson, L. (2015). Smoking Initiation Among Mexican Heritage Youth And The Roles Of Family Cohesion And Conflict. Journal Of Adolescent Health, 57, 1, 2015, Pages 24-30 .

-Woodruff, S., & Cashman, J. (1993). Task, domain, and general efficacy: A reexamination of the selfefficacy scales. Psychological Reports, 72, 423- 432.

-Yousuf, P., & Wani, N. A. (2016). Role Of Education In Women Empowerment A Sociological Study Of The Women Professors Of Gwalior City M.P. India. International Journal Of Applied Research, 2(1), 774-776.