مطالعه تطبیقی بازتاب خبری مفهوم زن و سیاست در روزنامه‌های کیهان و جمهوری اسلامی (1397- 1357)

فصلنامه زن و جامعه

مقاله 6، دوره 12، شماره 46، مرداد 1400، صفحه 77-90   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jzvj.2021.24159.3146

نویسندگان

گارینه کشیشیان سیرکی^{* 1}؛ خدیجه آقاعلی²

¹گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب، تهران ، ایران

²گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 23 بهمن 1398،  تاریخ بازنگری: 22 اردیبهشت 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 09 مرداد 1400 

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر یک مطالعه کیفی به روش تحلیل محتواست‌که با هدف مقایسه بازتاب خبری مفهوم زن و سیاست در دو روزنامه کیهان و جمهوری اسلامی، بین سالهای 1357 تا 1397 صورت گرفت. بدین‌منظور شمارگان مختلف این دو روزنامه، در طی40 سال، در موضوعات مختلف با هم مورد مقایسه قرارگرفت. روش اجرای این پژوهش با بهره‌گیری از مقوله بندی، کدگذاری، و شمارش تعداد تکرارهایِ موارد مورد بررسی بود. سپس با بهره‌گیری از نرم افزارSPSS این پژوهش به انجام رسید. یافته‌های پژوهش حاکی‌از آن بودکه روزنامه کیهان به‌ طرز معناداری، بیشتر از روزنامه جمهوری اسلامی به بررسی مفهوم زن و سیاست و بازتاب آن پرداخته است. همچنین دیگر یافته‌ها حاکی‌از آن بودکه؛ درمجموع تعداد اخبار و موضوعات رویدادگرا با 7/79درصد (1124 مورد) به مراتب بیشتر از مباحث موضوع‌گرا که با 3/21درصد (285 مورد) به صورت مفهومی و موضوعی به بازتاب زن و سیاست پرداخته ‌بودند و از عمق کمتری برخوردار بودند، موجود بود. این پژوهش همچنین نشان داد که موضوع زنان و تحول مفهومی آن با سیاست، در اولویت اخبار روزنامه‌های مورد مطالعه نبوده است. ولی در برخی از برهه‌های زمانی، بسته به اینکه روزنامه دارای تم فکری اصولگرا یا اصلاح‌طلب بوده؛ تعداد موارد تکرار بصورت معناداری تغییر نموده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بازتاب خبری؛ مفهوم زن و سیاست؛ حضور زنان؛ کیهان؛ جمهوری اسلامی

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study on News Reflection on the Concept of Woman and Politics in Kayhan and Jomhuri Eslami (Islamic Republic) Newspapers (1979-2019)

نویسندگان [English]

Garineh Keshishyan Siraki¹؛ Khadijeh Aghaali²

¹Department of Political Science, South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran

²Department of Political Science, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction:The purpose of this study is to compare the news coverage and representation of the concept of women and politics in the two newspapers Kayhan and Jomhuri Eslami (Islamic Republic), between 1979 to 2019. For this purpose, the different issues of these two newspapers were compared on different topics during 40 years.
Methods:This research has been done by qualitative content analysis method. For this purpose, the various numbers of these two newspapers have been examined and compared over a period of 40 years. The methodology of this study was categorized, coded, and counted as duplicates. In this research, SPSS 23 software, has been used.
Findings:The findings of the study indicate that Kayhan newspaper has significantly studied the concept of women and politics and its representation more than the Jomhuri Eslami (Islamic Republic) newspaper. Other findings also indicate that the number of event-oriented news and topics with 79.7% is far more than those with 21.3% conceptual and subject-matter related to politics and less in depth. This study also showed that the issue of women and its conceptual evolution with politics has not been a priority in the news of the studied newspapers. But at some point, depending on whether the newspaper had a principled or reformist ideological theme; The number of repetitions has changed significantly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

News Reflection, The Concept of Woman and Politics, Women's Presence, Kayhan newspaper, Islamic Republic newspaper

مراجع

1. A Look at the "Records of the Presence of Women in the Majlis", (2016), site of the World Economic Forum, May 25, http://donya-e- eqtesad.com/SiteKhan/1025226, Persian
2. Ali Abadi, Gita, (1995). "How to Highlight the Content Analysis of Newspapers Etelaát and Kayhan Front Page in the Years 1972, 1982 and 1992", Center for Media Studies and Planning, Persian
3. Blake and Haroldsen, (2001), A Taxonomy of Concepts in Communication, New York

ISBN:080387154697808038715400803871554 9780803871557

1. Blake and Haroldsen, (2001), Women’s Political Visibility and Media Access: The Case of Nigeria, Cambridge Scholars Publishing

ISBN (10): 1-4438-5659-2, ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-5659-1

1. Blumler, J. G. (1979). The role of theory in uses and gratifications studies. Communication research, 6(1), 9-36

https://doi.org/10.1177/009365027900600102

1. Davenport, Lucinda. LaRose, Robert. Straubhaar, Josheph, (2010), Media Now - Understanding Media, Culture, and Technology, Sixth Edition, Boston, Wadsworth, Cengage Learning,

ISBN 978-0-495-57008-0.

1. DeFleur, M. L., and Ball-Rokeach, S. J. (1989). Theories of Mass Communication.

https://www.worldcat.org/title/theories-of-mass-communication/oclc/617478822

1. Dyer.R (1982). Advertising as Communication. London and New York. Methuen.

https://www.academia.edu/9183295/Advertising_as_Communication

1. Fishbein, & Ajzen. (1976), Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Vol 12, Issue 6, Nov 1976, Pages 579-584

https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/journal-of-experimental-social-psychology/vol/12/issue/6

1. Get to know the first Iranian female reporter. (2017), Mehrkhane Site, Retrieved March 1, http://mehrkhane.com/fa/news/7747, Persian
2. Grant, A. E., (1998, April). Dependency and control. Paper presented to the Annual Convention of the Association of Educators in Journalism and Mass Communications, Baltimore, Maryland.

https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED423568.pdf

1. Greenberg, B. S. (1974). Gratifications of television viewing and their correlates for British children. The uses of mass communications: Current perspectives on gratifications research, 3, 71-92.

https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/2a16693bedb9a9b121aa16e1ab577cc52/tobidiplom

1. Greenberg, B. S. (1976). Children and the Perceived Reality of Television, Social Issues, Vol 32, Issue 4, Fall 1976, pages 86-97

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1976.tb02508.x

1. Infante, Dominic A., Rancer, Andrew S., and Womack, Deanna F., eds. (1993), Building Communication Theory (pp. 204–412).

https://www.amazon.com/Building-Communication-Theory-Dominic-Infante/dp/0881337099

1. Islamic Republic Newspaper Archive, Persian

ttps://www.loc.gov/item/lcwaN0019851/

1. Katz, E. (1959). Mass communication research and the study of culture. Studies in Public Communication, 2, 1-6.

https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1168&context=asc_papers

1. Katz, E. (1987). Communication research since Lazarsfeld. Public Opinion Quarterly, 51, 525–545

https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1254&context=asc_papers

1. Katz, E., Blumler, J. G., & Gurevitch, M. (1974). Utilization of mass communication by the individual. In J. G. Blumler, & E. Katz (Eds.), The uses of mass communications: Current perspectives on gratifications research (pp. 19–32). Beverly Hills: Sage.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/009365027900600102

1. Katz, E., Haas, H., & Gurevitch, M. (1973). On the use of the mass media for important things. American Sociological Review, 38(2), 164-181.

https://repository.upenn.edu/asc_papers/267

1. Katz, Elihu, Jay G. Blumler, and Michael Gurevitch. "Uses and Gratifications Research." Public Opinion Quarterly 4th ser. 37 (1974–1975): 509-23.

https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.886.3710&rep=rep1&type=pdf JSTOR. Web. 14, 

https://www.jstor.org/stable/i300583

1. Laughey, Dan. (1989), Key Themes in Media Theory. "Behaviorism and Media Effects." (p 26-27).

https://www.academia.edu/8609118/Key_Themes_in_Media_Theory

1. Lazarsfeld, P.F. (1940). "Radio and the Printed Page." New York: Dvell, Sloan, Pearce.

https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234646116.pdf

1. Littlejohn, (2002), Severin and Tankard, 1997; McQuail 1994.

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Littlejohn,+(2002),+Severin+and+Tankard,+1997%3B+McQuail+1994&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart

1. Littlejohn, Stephen W. (2002) Theories of Human Communication (pp 323)

https://www.worldcat.org/title/theories-of-human-communication/oclc/47018430

1. McQuail, D. (1983). With Benefits to Hindsight: Reflections on Uses and Gratifications Research. Critical Studies in Mass Communication Theory: And Introduction. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

https://doi.org/10.1080/15295038409360028

1. 26-McQuail, D. (1994). Mass Communication: An Introduction (3rd ed.,). London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage Publications.

http://docshare04.docshare.tips/files/28943/289430369.pdf

1. McQuail, D. (2010). McQuails Mass Communication Theory (6th ed.,). London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: Sage Publications.

http://www.bou.ac.ir/Portal/file/?171392/Mass.Communication.Theory.6th.Edition-(McQuails)-.pdf

1. McQuail, D., Blumler, J. G., & Brown, J. (1972). The television audience: A revised perspective. In D. McQuail (Ed.), Sociology of Mass Communication (pp. 135–65). Middlesex, England: Penguin.

https://rl.talis.com/3/keele/items/880D2200-EDEC-B6E4-57D1-398FCCE00D51.html

1. McQuail, Denis (2010). Mass communication theory: An Introduction, London: SAGE Publications. pp. 420–430. ISBN 978-1849202923.
2. Mitchell, J. (1976). Psychoanalysis and Feminism. London: Oxford University.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/3174472

1. Mohsenian Rad, Mehdi, (1997). Communication, Soroush Publication, Persian
2. Palmgreen, P., and Rayburn, J. D., (1985). "A Comparison of Gratification Models of Media Satisfaction." Communication Monographs (p. 4.)

https://doi.org/10.1080/03637758509376116

1. Persian Kayhan Newspaper Archive

https://iranhrdc.org/tag/kayhan/

1. Saei, Ali, (2008). Research in Social Sciences, Tehran: Samt Publication, Persian
2. Strainati, Dominic, (2001). Theories of Popular Culture, Translated by Soraya Paknazar, Tehran: Gameh No Publication, Persian
3. 36-The first experiences of women journalism in Iran. (1977), Mehrkhaneh site, Retrieved May 25, http://mehrkhane.com/fa/news/20603, Persian
4. 37-The role of the media in gender justice. (2016), Analytical Database - Mehrkhaneh News, Retrieved March 15, http://mehrkhane.com/fa/news/12357, Persian
5. Tohidi, N. (2002). Women's Rights in the Muslim World. Los Angles: University of California Press, Persian