شناسایی چالش‌های اسکان غیررسمی و ارائه راهکارهای عملیاتی ـ اجرایی برای بهبود آن در استان کردستان (مطالعه موردی: ناحیه منفصل شهری نایسر)

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

مقاله 7، دوره 12، شماره 47، اسفند 1400، صفحه 111-130   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jupm.2021.27932.3875

نویسندگان

داود جمینی^{* 1}؛ علیرضا جمشیدی²؛ مهدی عبدالملکی³

¹1-استادیار گروه ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران. 2- پژوهشگر پاره وقت پژوهشکده کردستان‌شناسی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

²استادیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه.

³مدرس گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت: 13 اردیبهشت 1400،  تاریخ بازنگری: 07 خرداد 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 14 خرداد 1400 

چکیده

چکیده
مقدمه: امروزه سکونت‌گاههای غیررسمی جزء جدایی ناپذیر بیش‌تر شهرهای دنیا هستند. این شیوه از سکونت دارای مشخصه­هایی مانند فقر، بیکاری، شیوع ناهنجای­های اجتماعی، دسترسی ناکافی به آب سالم و سرویس بهداشتی، مسکن ناپایدار، کمبود زیرساخت­های ضروری و غیره است. با توجه به اینکه سکونت‌گاههای غیررسمی جمعیت قابل توجهی از شهروندان را در خود جای داده­اند، در راستای رعایت حقوق شهروندی و توسعه پایدار شهری، برنامه­ریزی و سیاست­گذاری برای حل مشکلات این سکونت‌گاهها امری ضروری به نظر می‌رسد. سکونت‌گاههای غیررسمی واقع در مجاورت شهر سنندج، از جمله نایسر نیز از این قاعده مستثنی نیستند.
روش: این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی چالش­ها و ارائه راهکارهای عملیاتی ـ اجرایی برای بهبود وضعیت نایسر به عنوان یکی از سکونت‌گاههای غیررسمی مجاور شهر سنندج انجام گرفته است. این مطالعه در چارچوب پارادایم تفسیری - برساختی انجام شده است و روش پژوهش در آن تحلیل مضمونی می­باشد. برای گرد آوری داده­ها از مصاحبه­های عمیق نیمه­ساخت­یافته فردی و مصاحبه­های گروهی استفاده شده است.
یافته­ها: یافته­های پژوهش نشان داد مشکلات کالبدی - زیرساختی، مسائل و ناهنجاری­های اجتماعی ـ امنیتی، مشکلات مدیریتی ـ اداری، ناپایداری اقتصادی و نارسایی­های قانونی - حقوقی، مهم­ترین چالش­ها و مشکلات شناسایی شده در محدوده مطالعاتی هستند.
نتیجه­گیری: نتایج نشان داد در میان مضامین شناسایی شده، نارسایی­های قانونی ـ حقوقی مضمون مرکزی بوده و به نوعی حلقه اصلی چالش­ها و مشکلات نایسر است که محرک سایر مشکلات موجود در این فضای شهری است. در مجموع چالش­های یاد شده به صورت ترکیبی و پیوسته دست به دست هم داده و نابسامانی، آشفتگی، هرج و مرج فضایی و در نهایت، زوال فضای شهری نایسر را رقم زده­اند. در ادامه برای رفع چالش­های شناسایی شده پروژه­های عملیاتی ـ اجرایی در قالب برنامه­های کوتاه­مدت، میان مدت و بلند مدت و هم‌‌چنین، راهکارهای ضربتی ـ اجرایی ارائه شده است.  

کلیدواژه‌ها

سکونت‌گاههای غیررسمی؛ توسعه پایدار شهری؛ تحلیل مضمون؛ نایسر

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identify the challenges of informal settlements and Provide operational-executive solutions to improve it in Kurdistan province(Case study: Urban Separated Area of Naysar,)

نویسندگان [English]

Davood Jamini¹؛ Alireza Jamshidi²؛ Mehdi Abdolmaleki³

¹1-Assistant Professor, Department of Geomorphology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran. 2-Part-time Researcher at Kurdistan Studies Institute, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

²Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

³Lecturer in the Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Today, informal settlements are an integral part of most cities in the world. This type of housing has characteristics such as poverty, unemployment, the prevalence of social ills, insufficient access to safe water and sanitation, unsustainable housing, lack of essential infrastructure and so on. Given that informal settlements accommodate a significant population of citizens, in order to respect citizenship rights and sustainable urban development, Planning and policy-making is essential to solve the problems of these settlements. Informal settlements located near Sanandaj, Including Naysar, they are no exception to this rule. Therefore, the present research has been done Aiming to identify challenges and providing operational-executive solutions to improve the status of Naysar as one of the informal settlements adjacent to Sanandaj. The present study is conducted within the framework of the interpretive-constructive paradigm and The research method is thematic analysis. Used to collect data from in-depth semi-structured individual interviews and group interviews. The results showed Physical-infrastructural problems, Socio-security issues and anomalies, Managerial-administrative problems, Economic instability and Legal inadequacies, Are the most important challenges and problems identified in the study area. The results also showed Among the identified themes, Legal inadequacies, it is the central theme and in a way the main circle of challenges and problems of Naysar which triggers other problems in this urban space. In total, these challenges are combined and chained, Disorder, chaos, spatial chaos, and ultimately the decay of Naysar urban space. To address the identified challenges, Operational-executive projects are presented in the form of short-term, medium-term and long-term plans as well as strike-execution strategies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Informal Settlements, Sustainable Urban Development, Thematic Analysis, Naysar

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