بررسی توانایی آنتاگونیستی قارچ های اندوفیت ریشه و گونه های تریکودرما برروی قارچ Macrophomina phaseolinaدر شرایط آزمایشگاهی

دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهی

مقاله 1، دوره 1، 3(پاییز)، مهر و آبان 1392، صفحه 1-15   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

فریبا عباس زاده¹؛ ابراهیم محمدی گل تپه^{* 1}؛ ابراهیم پورجم¹؛ امیر خراسانی¹؛ یونس رضایی دانش²؛ آجت ورما³

¹گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران ایران.

²گروه گیاهپزشکی ، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه ایران.

³گروه مطالعاتی گیاهان داروئی و میکروبی، دانشگاه آمیتی نویدا ایالت اترپرادش، هندوستان.

تاریخ دریافت: 11 آبان 1392،  تاریخ پذیرش: 11 آبان 1392 

چکیده

در این تحقیق، از دو قارچ اندوفیت ریشه (Sebacina vermifera و Piriformospora indica) و دو گونه تریکودرما
(T. viride )و Trichoderma harzianum (T-100) علیه قارچ Macrophomina phaseolina استفاده گردید . توانایی
آنتاگونیستی قارچ های اندوفیت ریشه و گونه های تریکودرما از طریق آزمایش های درون شیشه ای و به کمک روش کشت متقابل، کلنیزاسیون و تولید متابولیت های فرار مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت مساحت پرگنه M. phaseolina. هر روز اندازه گیری و درصد کاهش رشد هر روز در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد محاسبه شد. در کشت متقابل، تیماری که شامل هر دو گروه قار چ های اندوفیت و گونه های تریکودرما بود، بیشترین اثر بازدارندگی را بر روی رشد میسلیومی M. phaseolina داشت. بررسی قدرت کلنیزاسیون نشان داد که قارچ های آنتاگونیست قادرند پرگنه M. phaseolinaرا در برگرفته و آن را تجز یه نمایند . نتایجآزمون متابولیت های فرار نیز مشخص نمود که قارچ های اندوفیت بر خلاف گونه های تریکودرما قادر به تولید متابولیتهای فرارنمی باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کنترل بیولوژیکی؛ Trichoderma spp؛ Sebacina vermifera؛ Piriformospora indica .Macrophomina phaseolina

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on antagonistic efficacy of root endophytic Fungi and Trichoderma species on Macrophomina phaseolina in vitro

نویسندگان [English]

Fariba Abbaszadeh¹؛ Ebrahim Mohammadi Goltapeh¹؛ E. Pourjam¹؛ Amir Khorasani¹؛ Y. Razaei Danesh²؛ A. Varma³

چکیده [English]

Two root endophytic fungi (Piriformospora indica Varma and Sebacina vermifera Warcup), as well as two species of Trichoderma (T. viride and T. harzianum (T-100)) were used against Macrophomina phaseolina. Antagonistic ability of root endophytic fungi and Trichoderma species against the pathogen in dual culture, volatile metabolites and colonization were evaluated. Assays in dual culture revealed that antagonistic fungi produced a good zone of inhibition. Interaction of root endophytic fungi and Trichoderma species in combination resulted in maximum inhibition of mycelial growth and microsclerotia formation of the pathogen. The volatile metabolite studies revealed that endophytic fungi did not act by producing volatile metabolites but possibly by other mechanisms of competition or parasitism. As for mechanism of colonization, it was revealed that antagonistic fungi were able to overgrow the colony of the pathogen and lyse its mycelia.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

biological control, Piriformospora indica, Sebacina vermifera, Trichoderma spp, Macrophomina phaseolina

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