دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، مرودشت، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت: 13 آبان 1392،
تاریخ پذیرش: 13 آبان 1392
چکیده
به منظور بررسی وضعیت آلودگی محموله های بذری کلزای برداشتی نسبت به قارچ های همراه با بذر ، از بذ رهای کلزا مناطق مختلف استان فارس شامل سعادت شهر، زرقان، ارسنجان، قیروکارزین، بیضا و ظفرآباد نمونه برداری انجام گرفت و به آزمایشگاه منتقل شد. به منظور تعیین قوه نامیه بذرهای مورد آزمایش، بر اساس روشهای موسسه بین المللی مطالعات بذ ر (I.S.T.A.) عمل شد. برای جداسازی قارچ های همراه بذر از محیط های کشت WA و PDA استفاده شد . بذرها پس از ضدعفونی سطحی با هیپوکلریت سدیم 1% به مدت5/2 و 5 دقیقه در محیط های کشت قرارد اده شده و در دمای2 ±25 درجه سانتی گراد نگهداری شدند. شمارش و جداسازی قارچ ها پس از 4 روز شروع و تا 15 روز ادامه داشت. قارچ های جداشده با توجه به مشخصات مورفولوژیکی و کلیدهای شناسایی، تشخیص داده شدند. این قارچ ها متعلق به جنس هایAspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Cladosporium sp. Phoma sp. ،Rhizoctonia sp. ،،Fusarium sp. ،Alternaria sp. ،Botrytis sp. ، وRhizopus sp. بودند.گونه های قارچAspergillus sp. نسبت به سایر قارچ ها از فراوانی بیشتری (40-20 درصد) برخوردار بودند. آگاهی از آلودگی بذرها و شدت این آلودگی در مناطق مختلف می تواند جهت تولید بذرهای سالم و عاری از آلودگی مفید باشد.
To determine fungal contamination of rape seeds, samples were taken of harvested seed consignments from different regions viz, Saadatshahr, Zarghan, Arsanjan. Ghir-Karzin, Biza and Zafar abad of Fars province during 2008. Seeds were surface sterilized for 2.5 and 5 min. in 1% sodium hypochlorite, and plated on PDA or WA supplemented with 50% Lactic acid, incubated at 25±2 ºC. Growing colonies that developed during 4 to 15 days of incubation were isolated, purified and indentified morphologically using available keys. Aspergillus species were the dominant mycoflora recovered ranging from 20 to 40% in different seed samples. In addition to Aspergillus species, other fungi were also isolated and identified as follows: Penicillium sp., Alternaria sp., Fusarium sp., Cladosporium sp., Rhizoctoniasp., Phoma sp., Botrytis sp., and Rhizopus sp. Knowledge of seed contamination and its severity in different areas will help in decision making on planning for healthy seed production.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Rapeseed, seed, fungi, seed viability, Fars
مراجع
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