مطالعه‌ی تاثیر برخی متابولیت‌های تولید شده توسط Pseudomonas tolaasii و باکتری‌های همراه روی قارچ خوراکی (Agaricus bisporus)

دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهی

مقاله 4، دوره 4، شماره 1، خرداد و تیر 1395، صفحه 43-56   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

شادی تجلی پور^{* 1}؛ نادر حسن زاده²؛ اصغر حیدری³؛ حسین خباز جلفایی⁴

¹دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران.

²دانشیار، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

³دانشیار، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، تهران، ایران.

⁴مربی، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت: 12 بهمن 1394،  تاریخ پذیرش: 12 بهمن 1394 

چکیده

دراین تحقیق به بررسی برخی متابولیت­های Pseudomonas tolaasiiعامل لکه قهوه­ای قارچ خوراکی دکمه­ای و نیز Pseudomonas reactansباکتری همراه قارچ خوراکی دکمه­ای، پرداخته شد. خصوصیات شاخصP. Tolaasiiشامل ایجاد لکه قهوه­ای و نقاط فرو رفته روی کلاهک قارچ خوراکی دکمه­ای A. bisporus، تولید تولاسین، همولیزاریتروسیت­ها، تولید رسوب سفید رنگ در برابر باکتری P. reactans است. در مطالعه­ی حاضر تأثیرP. Tolaasiiو متابولیت حاصل از آن بر میزان رشد میسلیوم Agaricus bisporus مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. پس از استخراج ترکیبات ناخالص متابولیتی یاWhite Line Inducing Principle (WLIP)، تولید شده توسط P. reactansو نیز توکسین تولاسین، آزمون­های متعددی جهت بررسی تأثیر متقابل و غیرمستقیم این ترکیبات انجام گرفت. همچنین ژن rpoBمتعلق به جدایه بیماریزای Pseudomonas sp. p2 که از قارچ مذکور جداسازی شده بود با استفاده از جفت پرایمر LAPS27 و LAPS تکثیر، تعیین توالی و در بانک ژن NCBI ثبت گردید. تأثیر ترکیب WLIP ناخالص حاصل از P. reactans Pr 5 و جدایه استاندارد P. reactans NCPPB1311 بر بلوک­های A. bisporus وسیب­زمینی بطور جداگانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در زیست سنجی­های مختلف مشاهده شد بلوک­های قارچ مایه­زنی شده با توکسین بیماریزاترین استرین بومی P. tolaasii Pt 6 تولید علایم لکه قهوه­ای تیره و نقاط کمی فرو رفته نمودند. برعکس، در برابرترکیب WLIP استرین P. reactans Pr 5 تغییر رنگ جزئی و خفیف بود. از یافته­های مهم دیگر، بکارگیری همزمان تیمار P. reactans A6 و ترکیب تولاسین هر دو جدایۀ بومی و استاندارد بر بلوک قارچ بود که منجر به توقف علایم آشکار قهوه­ای شدن ناشی از تولاسین شد و با خاصیت بازدارندگی خود، موجب مهار فعالیت تولاسین گردید. این نتایج نشان­دهنده اهمیت باکتری­های همراه در بازداری رشد و توقف بیماریزائی باکتری P. tolaasiiاست
 
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کلیدواژه‌ها

قارچ دکمه­ای سفید؛ لکه قهوه­ای؛ Agaricus bisporus؛ Pseudomonas reactans؛ Pseudomonas tolaasii

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study on the effect of certain metabolites produced by Pseudomonas tolaasii and associated bacteria on Agaricus bisporus

نویسندگان [English]

Shadi Tajalipour¹؛ Nader Hassanzadeh²؛ Asghar Heydari³؛ Hosein KHabbaz Jolfaee⁴

چکیده [English]

In this research some metabolites of Pseudomonas tolaasii the causal agent of mushroom bacterial blotch disease and Pseudomonas reactans associated with it were investigated. Characteristic features of P. tolaasii included brown pit formation on button mushroom caps, tolaasin production, lysis of erythrocytes, and white line induction in agar plate in presence of Pseudomonas reactans. Further, the metabolites of P. tolaasii and mushroom-associated bacteria were extracted and their effects were evaluated against the blocks of the mushroom A. bisporus. It was noticed that the strains of P. reactans also produced a lipodepsipeptide, WLIP. Certain complementary tests were also conducted to confirm the presence of these compounds in products extracted. The rpoB gene of a pathogenic strain of Pseudomonas sp. p2 isolated from the same mushroom was amplified using the primer pair of LAPS and LAPS27 and sequenced and deposited in Genebank at NCBI. Effect of impure WLIP of the strain P. reactans Pr 5 and standard strain of P. reactans NCPPB1311 were examined on blocks of A. bisporus and potato tubers. In bioassays, the tolaasin of strain P. tolaasii Pt 6 created both brown blotch and slight pitting symptoms. Whereas, WLIP of the P. reactans Pr 5 could only induce slight discoloration. Another important finding was that simultaneous application of P. reactans A6 in combination with tolaasins of P. tolaasii Pt 6 or P. tolaasii NCPPB2192 resulted in suppression of brown blotch symptoms on treated blocks with P. tolaasii. Results indicate the importance of associated bacteria in suppression of disease by P. tolaasii.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Agaricus bisporus, brown blotch, Pseudomonas reactans, Pseudomonas tolaasii, white botton mushroom

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