اثر سالیسیلیک اسید بر روی کاهش خسارت ناشی از ویروس X در سیب زمینی

دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهی

مقاله 5، دوره 4، شماره 2، آذر و دی 1395، صفحه 59-74   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

محمد رضا هادی^{* 1}؛ سید محمد رضا موسوی²

¹استادیار، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران

²استادیار، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 28 شهریور 1395،  تاریخ پذیرش: 28 شهریور 1395 

چکیده

در این تحقیقاثر سالیسیلیک اسید به منظور کاهش بیماری‌زایی ویروس X سیب زمینی (PVX) بر روی پارامتر‌های رشد از جمله میزان کلروفیل، سطح برگ، فاصله میانگره، تعداد برگ، طول ساقه، تعداد غده و وزن غده در دو رقم سیب زمینی (آگریا و مارفونا) در شرایط گلخانه‌ای بررسی گردید. گیاهچه‌هائی که عاری از عوامل بیماریزا بودند تکثیر شده و گیاهچه‌های رشد کرده به گلدان‌ها با خاک مناسب و استریل منتقل گردیدند. گیاهچه‌ها با غلظت‌های صفر (شاهد)، 2/0، 5/0، 1 و 2 میلی‌مولار سالیسیلیک اسید مورد تیمار قرار گرفتند. عصاره فعال برگ توتون رقم تامسون آلوده به PVX برای آلوده سازی گیاهان سیب زمینی به کار رفت. نتایج نشان داد که علائم آلودگی PVX بر روی برگ‌های گیاهان آلوده نسبت به گیاهان شاهد در دو رقم آگریا و مارفونا خیلی مشهود نبود ولی بر روی برگ گیاهان توتون آلوده با پیچش برگ آن شناخته می‌شد. میزان سالیسیلیک اسید درگیاهان آلوده تقریباً دو برابر گیاهان سالم بود. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که تیمار سالسیلیک اسید با غلظت 2/0 تا 5/0 میلی‌مولار باعث کاهش 25/27 درصد خسارات ناشی از PVX می‌گردد. علاوه براین به نظر می‌رسد که رقم مارفونا نسبت به رقم آگریا در برابر PVX مقاومت بیشتری دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سیب زمینی؛ سالیسیلیک اسید؛ PVX

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of salicylic acid on the reduction of potato virus X damage in Solanum tuberosum

نویسندگان [English]

M.R. Hadi¹؛ M.R. Moosavi²

چکیده [English]

In this study, in order to reduce the pathogenesis of potato virus X (PVX) in two potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars (Marfona and Agria), the effects of salicylic acid on growth parameters (chlorophyll content, leaf area, distance between nodes, number of leaves, stem length, number and weight of tubers) were investigated under greenhouse conditions. Healthy potato plantlets were propagated and transferred to pots containing suitable and sterilized soil.  The plantlets were sprayed with different concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM) of salicylic acid weekly at the rate of 10 ml per plant and for 4 weeks. The leaves of experimental plants were inoculated with PVX, extracted from infected tobacco leaves. Although viral infection symptoms on tobacco were manifested as leaf rippling, no such symptoms were visible on infected potato leaves. Results showed that salicylic acid content in infected plants was about twice that in healthy control plants. Also, treatments with 0.2 and 0.5 mM of salicylic acid resulted in 27.25% reduction in potato damage. Moreover, our study revealed that Marfona cultivar was more resistant to PVX than Agria cultivar.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Solanum tuberosum, Salicylic acid, Potato Virus X

مراجع

Arnon DI. 1956. Photosynthesis by isolated chloroplasts. I. V. General concept and comparison of three photochemical reactions. Biochemica Biophysica Acta 20: 449–461.

Atkinson NJ and Urwin PE. 2012. The interaction of plant biotic and abiotic stresses: from genes to the field. Journal of Experimental Botany 63: 3523–3543.

Balali GR, Hadi MR, Naderi AG, Eslami AH, Yavari P and Bidram H. 2008. Effect of pot size, date of planting and germplasm on mini tuber production of potato. African Journal of Biotechnology 7: 1265–1270.

Banttari EE, Ellis PJ and Khurana SMP. 1993. Management of diseases caused by viruses and virus-like pathogens. pp. 127-133 In RC Rowe (ed.). Potato health management. St. Paul, MN: APS Press.

Crosslin J, Hamm P, Shiel P, Hane D, Brown C and Berger P. 2005. Serological and molecular detection of tobacco veinal necrosis isolates of potato virus Y (PVYN) from potatoes grown in the western United States. American Journal of Potato Research 82: 263–269.

Hadi MR, Balali GR and Taheri R. 2008. The effect of salicylic acid on the reduction of Rizoctonia solani damage in potato. Paper presented at: the 1st National Seminar of potato; 10–12 August; Ardabil, Iran.

Hadi MR and Balali GR. 2010. The effect of Salicylic acid on the reduction of Rizoctonia solani damage in potato. American-Eurasian Journal Agricultural & Environmental Sciences 7: 492–496.

Hadi MR, Balali GR, Moosavi SMR and Hossini F. 2014. The effect of salicylic acid on the reduction of potato virus Y damage in Solanum tuberosum. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology 6: 171–183.

Hooker WJ. 1990. Compendium of potato disease. St. Paul, MS: APS Press. 125 p.

Jellis S. 1992. Multiple resistance to diseases and pests in potatoes. Plant Breeding International 63: 51–58.

Jenks MA, Hasegawa PM and Jain SM. 2007. Advances in molecular breeding toward drought and salt tolerant crops. New York: Springer.

Kelij S, Majd A, Nematzade G, Jonoubi P and Haghighi L. 2013. Phenylalanine ammonialyase gene expression and activity in relation to lignin deposition in salt stressed Aeluropus littoralis. Advanced Studies in Biology 5: 403–412.

King AMQ, Adams MJ, Carstens EB and Lefkowitz EJ. 2012 Virus Taxonomy: ninth report of the international committee on taxonomy of viruses. London, UK: Academic Press. 1327 p.

Kl-Valkama TM, Lehtinen A, Santala A, Koivu K, Pehu T, Lehto K, Valonen J and Pehu E. 1998. Potato virus Y P1 gene – mediated resistance in transgenic potato. Paper presented at: 7th International Congress of Plant Pathology (ICPP 98); 9–16 August; Edinburg, Scotland.

Mohtadinia J and Mohammadrezaie R. 1995. Agronomy and potato storage. Agriculture Research Press, Tehran (in Persian).

Murphy AM, Gilliland A, York CJ, Hyman B and Carr JP. 2004. High-level expression of alternative oxidase protein sequences enhances the spread of viral vectors in resistant and susceptible plants. Journal of General Virology 85: 3777–3786.

Nie X. 2006. Salicylic acid suppresses Potato virus Y isolate N: O-induced symptoms in tobacco plants. Phytopathology 96: 255–263.

Panina YS, Gerasimova NG, Chalenko GI, Vasyukova NI and Ozeretskovskaya OL. 2005. Salicylic acid and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in potato plants infected with the causal agent of late blight. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 52: 511–515.

Parker IM and Gilbert GS. 2004. The evolutionary ecology of novel plant pathogen interactions. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 35: 675–700.

Peyman M, Ghannadha MR, Majidi S, Zarbakhsh AJ, Darvish F and Hasanabdi H. 2004. Identification and introduction of virus resistant genotypes in potato. Iranian Journal of Agriculture Science 35: 809–815 (in Persian).

Pourrahim R, Farzadfar SH, Golnaraghi AR and Ahoonmanesh A. 2007. Incidence and distribution of important viral pathogens in some Iranian potato fields. Plant Disease 91: 609–615.

Saraswati P, Johnston M, Coventry R and Holtum J. 2004. Identification of drought tolerant sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) cultivars. Paper presented at: 4th International Crop Science Congress; 26 September – 1 October; Brisbane, Australia.

Singh D, Moore KA, Gilliand A and Carr JP. 2004. Activation of multiple antiviral defence mechanisms by salicylic acid. Molcular Plant Pathology 5: 57–63.

Slaymaker DH, Navarre DA, Clark D, del Pozo O, Martin GB and Kles-sig DF. 2002. The tobacco salicylic acid-binding protein 3 (SABP3) is the chloroplast carbonic anhydrase, which exhibits antioxidant activity and plays a role in the hypersensitive defense response. PNAS 99(18): 11640–11645.

Stevenson WR, Loria R, Franc GD and Weingartner DP. 2001. Compendium of Potato Diseases, 2nd edition. New York: APS Press. 106 p.

Thomma BPHJ, Penninckx IAMA, Broekaert WF and Cammue BPA. 2001. The complexity of disease signaling in Arabidopsis. Current Opinion in Immunology 3: 63–68.

Tuzun S and Bent E. 2006. Multigenic and induced systemic resistance in plants. New York: Springer Science and Business Media. 521 p.