اولویت‌بندی بیماری‌های قارچ خوراکی Agaricus bisporus در استان‌های تهران و البرز با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP)

دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهی

مقاله 6، دوره 4، شماره 2، آذر و دی 1395، صفحه 75-91   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

زینب نمازی^{* 1}؛ نادر حسن زاده²؛ جواد رزمی³

¹دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

²دانشیار، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

³مربی، گروه بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 28 شهریور 1395،  تاریخ پذیرش: 28 شهریور 1395 

چکیده

قارچ خوراکی دکمه‌ای (Agaricus bisporus) یکی از محصولات غذایی و دارویی حاوی انواع ویتامین‌ها و املاح معدنی است که از تأمین‌کنندگان پروتئین و کالری موردنیاز افراد جامعه به‌حساب می‌آید. با تشخیص ارزش بالای قارچ‌های خوراکی و توسعه کشت و پرورش این نوع قارچ‌، مدیریت واحدهای پرورش ازنظر کنترل بیماری‌ها حائز اهمیت است. انواع بیماری‌ها، خسارت قابل‌توجهی را به پرورش‌دهندگان تحمیل می‌نمایند. لذا تعیین اولویت‌های مبارزه با عوامل بیماری‌زای قارچ خوراکی ضروری است. بدین منظور با انتخاب روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی به ارزش‎گذاری هریک از بیماری‌های شایع در استان‌های تهران و البرز با استفاده از شاخص‌های تعیین‌شده پرداخته شد. طراحی پرسش‎نامه با استفاده از معیارهایی چون کیفیت و بازار‌پسندی، مدت نگهداری، هزینه کنترل بیماری، امکان کنترل بی‌ضرر و میزان شیوع بیماری وغیره انجام پذیرفت. نتایج حاصل از مدل AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) نشان داد، با توجه به خروجی پرسش‌نامه‌های تکمیل شده توسط تولیدکنندگان قارچ، اساتید و متخصصان و مصرف‌کنندگان، بیماری باکتریایی لکه قهوه‌ای در استان‌های البرز و تهران با وزن 39% نیاز به بالاترین کنترل و مبارزه داشته و بیماری قارچی حباب‌تر با 33% در رتبه دوم قرار دارد. در انتها نیز بیماری باکتریایی مومی (Pseudomonas spp.) با 19 درصد و بیماری کپک سبز با نزدیک به 8 درصد از کل اوزان قرار دارند. این نتایج نشان‌دهنده بیشترین سطح خسارت‌زایی در دو بیماری‌ لکه قهوه‌ای باکتریایی و حباب‌تر و لزوم توجه به آن‌ها نسبت به دیگر بیماری‌های شایع در این منطقه است. همچنین بیماری کپک سبز با توجه به نتایج تحلیل سلسله مراتبی، کم‌اهمیت‌ترین بیماری در منطقه مورد مطالعه محسوب می‌گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

قارچ دکمه‌ای؛ Agaricus bisporus؛ تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP)؛ Pseudomonas tolaasii؛ Mycogone perniciosa

عنوان مقاله [English]

Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for priority of Agaricus bisporus diseases in Tehran and Alborz provinces

نویسندگان [English]

Z. Namazi¹؛ N. Hassanzadeh²؛ J. Razmi³

چکیده [English]

Button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is one the food and drug products containing different kinds of vitamins and minerals. It is a good supplier of protein and calorie that are required for human nutrition. The high value of mushroom and its cultivation indicate the impact of management of mushroom farms in terms of disease control. A number of diseases cause considerable damage to this product. Therefore, we found it necessary to determine their priorities in combating mushroom pathogens. For this and other reasons, AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) was used to evaluate common disease indices for the two provinces under study (Tehran and Alborz). A questionnaire using criteria such as quality and marketing, storage duration, cost of disease control, possibility of disease control and disease outbreaks and so on was designed. The questionnaires were filled out by mushroom producers, experts and consumers in both Tehran and Alborz provinces. The results showed that, bacterial brown blotch disease with 39% weight and fungal wet bubble disease, with 33% weight receive priority for control, respectively. The bacterial disease mummy with nearly 19 percent and green mold disease with 8 percent of the total weight ranked in descending order. These results indicate that the highest level of damage in the two areas are caused by brown blotch and wet bubble diseases and greater attention should be paid to their control than to the other common diseases. The green mold disease, according to results of AHP, is considered the least important one in the study area.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Pseudomonas tolaasii, Mycogone perniciosa

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