Investigation on the ordering of titanium oxide nanotubes fabricated by anodization on different substrate surface morphologies

Journal of Optoelectronical Nanostructures

مقاله 3، دوره 2، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 4، فروردین و اردیبهشت 2017، صفحه 21-30   

نوع مقاله: Articles

نویسندگان

Fahimeh Behzadi^{* 1}؛ Fatemeh Mohammadpour^{* 2}؛ Mahmood Moradi²

¹Department of Physics, College of Science, Fasa University, Fasa, Iran

²Department of Physics, College of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

تاریخ دریافت: 26 آذر 1395،  تاریخ بازنگری: 22 خرداد 1396،  تاریخ پذیرش: 09 اسفند 1395 

چکیده

In this study, titanium oxide nanotubes anodized on three
different surface morphologies of titanium foils, were investigated. AFM images
is used to show different surface roughness of these foils. Nanotubes were
anodized on titanium foils with 1) no polishing process (A sample), 2)
electropolishing process (B sample) and 3) electropolishing process in ethanolic
electrolyte (C sample). To study the ordering of titanium oxide nanotubes, the
FE-SEM images of nanotubes backside were investigated. It can be seen that by
decreasing surface roughness, the distribution of nanotubes diameter size
becomes more uniform significantly and thereby highly ordering of nanotubes
can be observed.

کلیدواژه‌ها

TiO2 nanotubes؛ Electropolish؛ Order؛ Anodize؛ semiconductor

مراجع

ge-newline"> [1] V. Galstyan, E. Comini, C. Baratto, M. E. Mazhar, A. Ponzoni, V. Sberveglieri, N.
Poli, G. Faglia, G. Sberveglieri, Conductance and Work Function of TiO2 Nanotubes
Based Gas Sensors, Procedia Engineering, 120 ( Sep. 2015 ) 769 –772.
[2] J. Yoo, M. Altomare, M.d Mokhtar, A. A. Alshehri , Sh. A. Al-Thabaiti, A. Mazare,
P. Schmuki, Photocatalytic H2 Generation Using Dewetted Pt-Decorated TiO2
Nanotubes – Optimized Dewetting and Oxide Crystallization by a Multiple
Annealing Process, J. Phys. Chem. C, 120 (29) (March 2016) 15884–15892.
[3] A. F. Cipriano, Ch. Miller, H. Liu, Anodic Growth and Biomedical Applications of
TiO2 Nanotubes, j. Biomedical Nanotechnology, 10 (Feb. 2014) 2977–3003.
[4] N. Liu, Ch. Schneider, D. Freitag, M. Hartmann, U. Venkatesan, J. Müller, E.
Spiecker, P. Schmuki, Black TiO2 Nanotubes: Cocatalyst-Free Open-Circuit
Hydrogen Generation, Nano Letters 14 (May 2014) 6-11·
[5] F. Mohammadpour, M. Moradi, K. Lee, G. Cha, S. So, A. Kahnt, D. M. Guldi, M.
Altomareb, P. Schmuki, Enhanced performance of dye-sensitized solar cells based
on TiO2 nanotube membranes using an optimized annealing profile, Chem.
Commun., 51 (Jan. 2015) 1631-1634.
[6] X. Wang1, S. A. Kulkarni1, Z. Li, W. Xu, S. K Batabyal, S. Zhang, A. Cao, L. H.
Wong, Wire-shaped perovskite solar cell based on TiO2 nanotubes, Nanotechnology
27 (April 2016) 20LT01 (6pp).
[7] J.J. Jennings, A. Ghicov, L.M. Peter, P. Schmuki, A. B. Walker, Dye-sensitized solar
cells based on oriented TiO2 nanotube arrays: transport, trapping, and transfer of
electrons, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130 (June 2008) 13364-13372.
[8] N. Liu, K. Lee, P. Schmuki, Small diameter TiO2 nanotubes vs. nanopores in dye
sensitized solar cells, J. Electrochem. Commun. 15 (Jan. 2012) 1-4.
[9] F. Mohammadpour, F. Behzadi, M. Moradi, Fast anodically growth of long, small
diameter TiO2 nanotubes by electropolishing of Ti foils in an ethanol-containing
solution, Materials Letters, 150 (Feb. 2015) 81-83.
[10]J. M. Macak, H. Hildebrand, U. Marten-Jahns, P. Schmuki, Mechanistic aspects and
growth of large diameter self-organized TiO2 nanotubes, J. Electroanal. Chem. 621
(Sep. 2008) 254-266.
[11]K. Yasuda, P. Schmuki, Control of morphology and composition of self-organized
zirconium titanate nanotubes formed in (NH4)2SO4/NH4F electrolytes, J.
Electrochim. Acta. 52 (March 2007) 4053-4061.
[12]A. Haring, A. Morris, M. Hu, Controlling Morphological Parameters of Anodized
Titania Nanotubes for Optimized Solar Energy Applications, J. Materials 5 (Oct.
2012) 1890- 1909.
[13]D. Portan, K. Papaefthymiou, E. Arvanita, G. Jiga, G. Papanicolaou, A combined
statistical and microscopic analysis of TiO2 nanotubes synthesized under different
electrochemical anodizing Conditions, J. Mater. Res. 47 (June 2012) 4696–4705.
[14]O. Kuzmych, K. Nonomura, E. M.J. Johansson, T. Nyberg,A. Hagfeldt, M. kompska,
Defect minimization and morphology optimization in TiO2 nanotube thin films,
grown on transparent conduction substrate, for dye sensitized solar cell application,
J. Thin Solid Films 522 (Nov. 2012) 71-78.
[15]A. Valota, D. J. LeClere, P. Skeldon, M. Curioni, T. Hashimoto, S. Berger, J. Kunze,
P. Schmuki, G. E. Thompson, Influence of water content on nanotubular anodic
titania formed in fluoride/glycerol electrolytes, J. Electrochim. Acta. 54 (Jul. 2009)
4321-4327.
[16]J. M. Macak, H. Tsuchiya, L. Taveira, S. Aldabergerova, P. Schmuki, High-AspectRatio TiO2 Nanotubes by Anodization of Titanium, J. Angew. Chem. 117 (Feb. 2005)
7629-7632.
[17]S. P. Albu, P. Schmuki, TiO2 nanotubes grown in different organic electrolytes: Twosize self-organization, single vs. double-walled tubes, and giant diameters, J. Physica
Status Solidi Rapid Res. Lett. 4 (June 2010) 215-217.