مطالعة تطبیقی روش‌شناسی فلسفی ارسطو و فارابی

فصلنامه علمی روش ها و مدل های روانشناختی

مقاله 7، دوره 8، شماره 29، آذر و دی 1396، صفحه 125-158   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

ابو سعید داورپناه^*

کارشناس دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان

تاریخ دریافت: 29 آبان 1396،  تاریخ بازنگری: 12 آذر 1396،  تاریخ پذیرش: 27 آذر 1396 

چکیده

هدف از نگارش این مقاله، مطالعة تطبیقی روش فلسفی ارسطو و فارابی به‌منظورِ بررسی میزان وجوه تفاوت و تشابه در حل مسائل فلسفی است. روش تحقیق نظری است که با روش تحلیل محتوا و با رویکرد کیفی انجام گرفته‌است. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات مطالعة کتابخانه‌ای بوده‌است. برای یافتن وجوه تفاوت و تشابه، نخست توصیفی از روش ارسطو و فارابی در حل مسائل فلسفی ارائه شده؛ سپس ویژگی‌های روش فلسفی هر‌یک از این دو فیلسوف بیان شده‌است. در ادامه به بیان دشواری‌های روش فلسفی هر فیلسوف پرداخته‌شده‌است. به‌نظر‌ می‌رسد که وجوه تشابه روش فلسفی بیشتر از وجوه تمایز بوده‌است؛ بنابراین، از جمع‌بندی این دو روش می‌توان ادعا کرد که فارابی در روش فلسفی خود از ارسطو الگو‌برداری کرده‌است. به‌نظر‌ می‌رسد که فارابی با الهام از اندیشه‌های ارسطو و با آگاهی کامل از اندیشه‌های فلاسفة یونان و به‌خصوص ارسطو و با تأثیر‌پذیری مستقیم از او، ضمن پذیرش روش فلسفی‌اش، به تشریح اندیشه‌های این فیلسوف در قالب روش فلسفی خود پرداخته‌است؛ البتّه اختلاف‌هایی نیز با ارسطو دارد. روش فارابی اصول‌گرایانه، فراجناحی، سلسله‌مراتبی و نظام‌مند است. وی از روش عدم‌‌تعارض تقابلی و تکاملی و صلح‌جویانه بهره‌ گرفته‌ که موردِ علاقة ارسطو نبوده‌است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

روش؛ فلسفی؛ ارسطو؛ فارابی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparative study of Aristotle and Farabi's philosophical methodology

نویسندگان [English]

A Davarpanah

FACULTY OF PSYCHOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF SIS TAN AND BALUCHISTAN

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this article is to study the comparative approach of Aristotle and Farabi's philosophical method to examine the extent of differences and similarities in solving philosophical problems. The research method is a theoretical research method which has been done by content analysis and with a qualitative approach. Information gathering tools have been used to collect information from different books and through library research. To give attention to the differences and similarities, the first is a description of Aristotle and Fara bi's method in solving philosophical problems. Subsequently, the characteristics of the philosophical method of each of these two philosophers are expressed. Further, the difficulties of the philosophical method of each philosopher are discussed. It seems that the similarities of the philosophical method were more than the means of differentiation, and thus the combination of these two methods can be claimed to have modeled Farabi in his philosophical method of Aristotle. With the inspiration of Aristotle's ideas and with the full knowledge of the thoughts of Greek philosophers, especially Aristotle, and with the direct influence of him, Farabi seems to have, by adopting Aristotle's philosophical method, elucidates Aristotle's ideas in the form of his philosophical method, Of course there are differences with Aristotle. Farabi's methodology has been based on principled, phrasal, hierarchical, and systematic, non-conflicting, evolutionary and peaceful conflicts that have not been of interest to Aristotle.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Methodology, Philosophy, Aristotle, Farabi

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