اثربخشی قصه درمانی بر کاهش پرخاشگری و افزایش مهارت‌های اجتماعی در کودکان پیش دبستانی

فصلنامه علمی روش ها و مدل های روانشناختی

مقاله 15، دوره 8، شماره 30، اسفند 1396، صفحه 205-218   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

پارسا بهمنی¹؛ مجید برزگر^{* 2}

¹کارشناسی ارشد روان شناسی

²استادیار روان شناسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مرودشت

تاریخ دریافت: 24 مهر 1396،  تاریخ پذیرش: 19 فروردین 1397 

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش تبیین اثربخشی قصه درمانی بر کاهش پرخاشگری و افزایش مهارت‌های اجتماعی در کودکان پیش دبستانی بوده است. روش پژوهش، آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون- پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بوده که کودکانی که دارای بیش‌ترین نمره پرخاشگری و کم‌ترین نمره مهارت‌های اجتماعی بوده اند به صورت تصادفی انتخاب و در گروه های آزمایش و کنترل گمارش شدند. جامعه آماری در این پژوهش شامل همه کودکان پیش دبستان در مناطق 4 گانه آموزش و پرورش شهر شیراز در سال تحصیلی 95-96 می‌باشد. نمونه آماری از میان پیش دبستانی‌های شهرستان شیراز به صورت تصادفی –خوشه ای چند مرحله ای- انتخاب شد و سپس به صورت تصادفی 12 نفر در گروه آزمایش و 12 نفر در گروه کنترل گمارش شدند. گردآوری داده‌ها از راه پرسش نامه پرخاشگری شهیم و پرسش نامه مهارت‌های اجتماعی گرشام و الیوت صورت گرفت. پس از تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها، نتایج آزمون نشان دادند که قصه درمانی در گروه آزمایش باعث کاهش پرخاشگری در 3 بعد پرخاشگری رابطه ای، واکنشی - کلامی و جسمانی شده است. در ابعاد متغیر مهارت‌های اجتماعی، نتایج آزمون، نشان دهنده اثربخشی قصه درمانی در افزایش مهارت‌های اجتماعی، همکاری، مسئولیت‌پذیری، جرات‌ورزی و خودکنترلی بود. در بعد همدلی، تفاوتی معنادار مشاهده نشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

قصه درمانی؛ مهارت‌های اجتماعی؛ پرخاشگری

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of narrative therapy on decreasing aggression and increasing social skills among preschool children

نویسندگان [English]

Parsa Bahmani¹؛ Majid Barzegar²

¹M.A graduated on General Psychology, Islamic Azad university, Marvdasht, Iran

²Psychology faculty of Islamic Azad university of Marvdasht, Fars, Iran

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to explain the effects of narrative therapy on decreasing aggression and increasing social skills among pre-school children. The research design was pre-post test with control group. And this study was done by a random assignment and pre-test, post-test. The statistical population on this study includes all of the pre-schools students of Shiraz in 2007 academic year. The sample was chosen between all pre-schools in Shiraz. Totally 24 students including 12 girls and 12 boys were randomly chosen and 12th of them were randomly assigned in experimental and control group. Collecting data was done by Frank, M Gersham (1990), and Stephen N.Elliot, social skills questionnaire and Sima Shahim (2006) aggression questionnaire. The results show that narrative therapy on experimental group was the reason of reducing aggression and increasing social skills among pre-school students .So it can be concluded that the relationship between narrative therapy and the enhancement of social skills and reducing aggression is significant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

narrative therapy, social skills, aggression

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