The Effect of Eight Weeks of High Intensity Interval Training on Genes Expression of eNOS, HIF-1 and VEGF in Myocardial Infarction Rats

Report of Health Care

مقاله 5، دوره 3، شماره 4، اسفند 2017، صفحه 31-37   

نوع مقاله: Original Article

نویسندگان

Abdolhamid Zokaei^{* 1}؛ Nahid Mohammadi Javid²

¹Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

²Department of Exercise Physiology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran

تاریخ دریافت: 29 تیر 1396،  تاریخ بازنگری: 05 آبان 1396،  تاریخ پذیرش: 19 آبان 1396 

چکیده

Introduction: Myocardial infarction is cell death in part of the myocardial
during an ischemia. Cell death process in response to activity and appropriate intensity is not clear yet. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training on endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase, hypoxia-induced factor-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in rats with myocardial infarction. Methods: 12 male Wistar rats weighing 250 to 300 grams were assigned into two groups: the experimental group (60 minutes running on a treadmill on an interval basis, each interval four minutes with intensity of 85-90 and two minutes of active recovery with 50- 60 % VO2max, Four days a week for eight weeks) and the control group (without training intervention). Genes expression were investigated by the PCR technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 18) with Independent sample t-test (p≤0.05). Results: The results showed that endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase in high intensity interval training group (4.755) was significantly higher than the control group (3.615) (p= 0.012), hypoxia-induced factor in high intensity interval training group (9.015) was significantly higher than control group (1.49) (p= 0.001) and vascular endothelial growth factor in high intensity interval training group (6.855) was significantly higher than control group (1.425) (p= 0.001). Conclusion: Generally, eight weeks of high intensity interval training with increasing endothelial constitutive nitric oxide synthase and hypoxia- induced factor- 1 increased vascular endothelial growth factor and eventually increased angiogenesis and improved cardiac function in male rats after myocardial infarction.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Angiogenesis؛ Myocardial Infarction؛ High Intensity Interval Training

مراجع

1. Shiojima I, Walsh K. Regulation of cardiac growth and coronary angiogenesis by the Akt/PKB signaling pathway. Genes Develop J. 2006; 20 (24): 3347- 365.

2. Semenza GL. HIF-1: mediator of physiological and pathophysiological responses to hypoxia. J Appl Physiol. 2000; 88 (4): 1474- 1480.

3. Nordlie MA, Wold LE, Kloner RA. Genetic contributors toward increased risk for ischemic heart disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2005; 39 (4): 667- 679.

4. Sano M, Minamino T, Toko H, Miyauchi H, Orimo M, Qin Y, et al. p53-induced inhibition of Hif-1 causes cardiac dysfunction during pressure overload. Nature. 2007; 446 (7134): 444- 448.

5. Fukuda Sh, Kaga Sh, Sasaki H, Zhan L, Zhu L, Otani H , et al. Angiogenic signal triggered by ischemic stress induces myocardial repair in rat during chronic infarction. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2004; 36: 547- 559.

6. Nourshahi M, Taheri Chadorneshin H, Ranjbar K. The stimulus of angiogenesis during exercise and physical Activity. Horizon J Med Sci. 2013; 5: 286- 296.

7. Gavin TP, Stallings HW, Zwetsloot KA,

Westerkamp LM, Ryan NA, Moore RA, et al. Lower capillary density but no

difference in VEGF expression in obese vs lean young skeletal muscle in humans. J Appl Physiol. 2005; 5 (98): 315- 321.

8. Prior BM, Yang HT, Terjung RL. What

makes vessels grow with exercise training? J Appl Physiol. 2004; 97 (3): 1119- 1128.

9. Bates DO. Vascular endothelial growth factors and vascular permeability. CVR. 2010; 87: 262- 271. 10. Hudlicka O, Brown MD. Adaptation of skeletal muscle microvasculature to increased or decreased blood flow: role of shear stress, nitric oxide and vascular endothelial growth factor. J Vasc Res. 2009; 46 (5): 504- 512.

11. Hink U, Li H, Mollnau H, Oelze M, Matheis E, Hartmann M, et al. Mechanisms underlying endothelial dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Cir Res. 2001; 88 (2): E14– 22.

12. Laursen PB, Jenkins DG. The scientific basis for high- intensity interval training opti mizing training programmes and maximizing performance in highly trained endurance athletes. J Sports Med. 2002; 32: 53- 73.

13. Truijens MJ, Toussaint HM, Dow J, Levine BD. Effect of high-intensity hypoxic training on sea-level swimming performances. J Appl Physiol. 2003; 94 (2): 733- 743.

14. Yang L, Jia Z, Zhu M, Zhang J, Liu J, Wu P, et al. Exercise protects against chronic beta-adrenergic re-modeling of the heart by activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. PLoS One. 2014; 9 (5): e96892.

15. Ennezat PV, Malendowicz SL, Testa M, Colombo PC, Cohen-Solal A, Evans T, et al. Physical training in patients with chronic heart failure enhances the expression of genes encoding antioxidative enzymes. JACC. 2001; 38 (1): 194- 198.

16. Van Hinsbergh VWM, Koolwijk P.

Endothelial sprouting and angiogenesis matrix metalloproteinases in the lead. Cardiovasc Res. 2008; 78 (2): 203- 212.

17. Gu JW, Gadonski G, Wang J, Makey I, Adair TH. Exercise increases endostatin in circulation of healthy volunteers. BMC Physiol. 2004; 16: 2- 4.

18. Kassia SW, Ulrik W, Jeff SC. High-intensity interval training in patients with lifestyle-induced cardiometabolic disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2014; 48: 1227- 1234

19. Holloway TM, Bloemberg D, da Silva ML, Simpson JA, Quadrilatero J, Spriet LL. High intensity interval and endurance training have opposing effects on markers of heart failure and cardiac remodeling inhypertensive rats. PLoS One. 2015; 10 (3): e0121138.

20. Karbalaeifar S, Gaeini AA, Kordi MR, Nuri R, Ghorbani P. The effect of 6-week high intensity interval training on the VEGF/COL-18 ratio and some echocardiographic indices in rats with myocardial infarction. J Kermanshah Univ Med Sci. 2016; 20 (3): 94- 98.

21. Kraljevic J, Marinovic J, Pravdic D, Zubin P, Dujic Z, Wisloff U, et al. Aerobic interval training attenuates remodelling and mitochondrial dysfunction in the post-infarction failing rat heart. Cardiovasc Res. 2013; 99 (1): 55- 64.

22. Morten A, Hoydal MA, Wisloff U, Kemi OJ, Ellingsen O. Running speed and maximal oxygen uptake in rats and mice: practical implications for exercise training. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007; 14 (6): 753- 760.

23. Wisloff U, Helgerud J, Kemi OJ, Ellingsen O. Intensity-controlled treadmill running in rats: VO2 max and cardiac hypertrophy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2000; 280 (3): 1301- 1310.

24. Kemi OJ, Haram PM, Loennechen JP, Osnes JB, Skomedal T, Wisløff U, Ellingsen O. Moderate vs high exercise intensity: Differential effects on aerobic fitness, cardiomyocyte contractility, and endothelial function. Cardiovasc Res. 2005; 67 (1): 161- 172.

25. Hamzeh Zadeh Brojeni A, Nazar Ali P, Naghibi S. The effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on aerobic and anaerobic some indicators of iranian women's national teams of basketball players. Exe Physiol. 2012; 5 (4): 35- 48.

26. Koos BJ. Adenosine A₂a receptors and O₂ sensing in development. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2011; 301 (3): 601- 622.

27. Ribatti D, Crivellato E. Mast cells, angiogenesis, and tumour growth. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012; 1822 (1): 2- 8.

28. Morten A, Hoydal MA, Wisloff U, Kemi OJ, Ellingsen O. Running speed and maximal oxygen uptake in rats and mice: practical implications for exercise training. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2007; 14 (6): 753- 760.

29. Heldin CH, Westermark B. Mechanism of action and in vivo role of platelet-derived growth factor. J Physiol Rev. 1999; 79 (4): 1283- 1316.