The Effect of Exercise Trainings in the Stimulation of Brown Adipose Tissue and Transformation of White Adipose Tissue to Brite Adipose Tissue: A Review

Report of Health Care

مقاله 8، دوره 2، شماره 4، دی 2016، صفحه 56-71   

نوع مقاله: Original Article

نویسندگان

Mohsen Jafari¹؛ Mehrdad Fathi^{* 2}؛ Elham Pouryamehr³

¹Department of Sport Sciences, Shirvan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran

²Department of Exercise Physiology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

³Department of Sport Physiology, Bojnourd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd, Iran

تاریخ دریافت: 15 فروردین 1395،  تاریخ بازنگری: 25 شهریور 1395،  تاریخ پذیرش: 07 مهر 1395 

چکیده

There are three types of adipose tissue in the human body: white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige or Brite adipose tissue. In WAT, energy reserves in the form of triglyceride, while in BAT triglyceride molecules lipolyze for thermogenesis through fatty acid oxidation. A protein called uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) is responsible for non-shivering thermogenesis in BAT. The most important activators of BAT include peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), sympathetic nervous system (SNS), hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis (HPT axis), endothelium, atrial natriuretic peptides, irisin, β-aminoisobutyric acid (BAIBA), Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and interleukin-6 (IL6) that generally exert their effects through stimulation of UCP1 expression and activity. Beige adipose are among white adipose and elevation of UCP1 gene expression is the main cause of their production that atrial natriuretic peptides, PGC1α, irisin, FGF21 and BAIBA are the most stimulators of this transformation. The role of exercise in the stimulation of BAT and transformation of WAT to Brite is discussed in this study.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Training؛ Adipose Tissue

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