بررسی و تحلیل اثرات اقتصادی و زیست محیطی گردشگری در سکونتگاه های روستایی (مطالعه موردی: شهرستان سامان)

فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

مقاله 10، دوره 8، شماره 31، مهر 1397، صفحه 103-114   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

علی اکبر تقیلو¹؛ مصطفی کیانی^{* 2}؛ فاطمه السادات کهکی³

¹دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی روستایی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

²کارشناسیارشد برنامهریزی آمایشسرزمین، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

³دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 02 مرداد 1396،  تاریخ بازنگری: 20 دی 1396،  تاریخ پذیرش: 16 شهریور 1397 

چکیده

امروزه توسعه روستایی یکی از اهداف مهم کشورها به شمار می آید. از آنجایی که درآمد حاصل از بخش کشاورزی در دهه‌های اخیر دچار افول شدیدی شده است و سبب شده که میزان درآمد بخش کشاورزی قادر به تأمین نیازها و تقاضای روزافزون ساکنان روستاها نباشد، توجه به بدیل‌های دیگر اقتصادی همانند گردشگری ضروری به نظر می رسد. هدف از نگارش این مقاله بررسی و تحلیل اثرات گردشگری در توسعه اقتصادی سکونتگاه های روستایی شهرستان سامان در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری می باشد. در این تحقیق روش مطالعه توصیفی-تحلیلی می‌باشد و نوع داده‌ها کیفی است و برای جمع آوری اطلاعات مورد نیاز از دو شیوه کتابخانه ای و میدانی انجام شده است. در بخش مطالعات میدانی از ابزار پرسشنامه استفاده شد که آن از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده انجام گرفت. پس از تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات جمع آوری شده با کمک نرم افزار های رایانه ای Excel و Spss و بهره گیری از روش تحلیل عاملی، تحلیل خوشه ای و همچنین تکنیک TOPSIS نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد که اولا درآمدزایی از طریق گردشگری، بیشتر در بخش خدمات گردشگری بوده و در زمینه تولیدات کشاورزی و صنایع دستی توفیق چندانی نداشته است و همچنین طبق نتایج مشخص می‌شود که وجود گردشگران اثرات زیست‌محیطی بالایی بر روستاهای هدف گردشگری گذاشته است. بنابراین اگر فرهنگ صحیح گردشگری نهادینه نشود، چه بسا آثار مخرب فرهنگی و زیست محیطی آن بیشتر از آثار مثبت اقتصادی باشد. طبق نتایج تحقیق از بین جامعه آ/ماری منتخب، روستای چلوان بیشترین و روستای ایلبگی کمترین بهره مفید را از صنعت گردشگری در منطقه برده اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

توسعه روستایی"؛ "توسعه اقتصادی"؛ "گردشگری"؛ " شهرستان سامان"

عنوان مقاله [English]

Study and analysis of the economic and environmental effects of tourism in rural settlements

نویسندگان [English]

a t¹؛ Mostafa Kiani²؛ Fatemeh Alsadat kahaki³

¹دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی روستایی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

²Department of Geography - Urmia University

³Department of Geography - Urmia University

چکیده [English]

The rural development countries is an important objective.az income from agriculture in recent decades has greatly declined and this has caused the agricultural sector to meet the needs and demands of an ever-increasing income of rural residents is not , according to other economic alternatives such as tourism seems necessary. Today, the tourism industry has become widespread in the world, and many countries have been able to improve their status to a significant degree. The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyze the effects of tourism in the economic development of rural settlements in the saman city is Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari province. In this study, descriptive analytical study with qualitative-quantitative approach and collect the required information from the library and the field is done in two ways In the field study questionnaire was used. It was a simple random sampling method. Research results show that, first of revenue through tourism, more tourism and the service sector has not had much success in the field of agricultural products and handicrafts. It is also clear from the results that the presence of tourists has had a high environmental impact on the tourist destination villages. so if necessary cultural background does not provide for tourism or another language if not institutionalized culture tourism correct, perhaps the most damaging effects of environmental, cultural and economic effects are positive. It was also found between the selected villages, the village Chelevan, most and Village Ilbagi least useful of the phenomenon of tourism in the region have taken.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Rural Development", "Economic Development", "Tourism", " Saman County"

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