بررسی ساختار عاملی سازه‌های اخلاق کار اسلامی و اخلاق کار پروتستانی در دانشجویان

فصلنامه علمی روش ها و مدل های روانشناختی

مقاله 2، دوره 10، شماره 36، شهریور 1398، صفحه 25-48   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

سید اسماعیل هاشمی^*

عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

تاریخ دریافت: 03 مرداد 1398،  تاریخ بازنگری: 09 مرداد 1398،  تاریخ پذیرش: 16 مرداد 1398 

چکیده

هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر بررسی ساختار عاملی هر دو سازه اخلاق کار اسلامی و اخلاق کار پروتستانی در دانشجویان بود. بدین منظور تعداد 715 نفر از دانشجویان دانشگاه­های شهید چمران اهواز، آزاد اسلامی، خلیج فارس، اصفهان، لرستان، بجنورد، الوند همدان و گنجنامه همدان در تحقیق شرکت کرده و پرسشنامه­های آن را تکمیل کردند. تحلیل عامل اکتشافی مولفه­های اصلی با چرخش واریماکس روی ماده­های پرسشنامه اخلاق کار پروتستانی و تحلیل عوامل اکتشافی از نوع عامل­سازی محور اصلی با چرخش پروماکس روی ماده­های اخلاق کار اسلامی به­ترتیب راه­حل پنج عاملی و راه­حل شش عاملی را تایید کردند. تحلیل عاملی روی 65 ماده اخلاق کار پروتستانی نشان داد که راه­حل پنج عاملی حدود 45 درصد از واریانس داده­ها را تبیین می­کند و با توجه به محتوای ماده­های هر عامل، عوامل به­ترتیب به­صورت زیر نامگذاری شدند: سختکوشی، محوریت کار، اوقات فراغت، اتکاء به نفس و اخلاقیات. تحلیل عاملی روی 43 ماده اخلاق کار اسلامی نشان داد که راه حل شش عاملی حدود 44 درصد از واریانس داده ها را تبیین می کند و با توجه به محتوای ماده هایی که روی هر عامل بارگذاری کرده بودند، عوامل به صورت محوریت کار/ سختکوشی، کار و اجتماع/ عدالت، همکاری و مشورت، اهمیت کار، اهمیت تولید و فعالیت­های اقتصادی و پرهیز از اتلاف وقت نامگذاری شدند. ضرایب همبستگی میان ابعاد به­دست آمده استقلال نسبی عوامل را تایید کرد. افزون بر این ماده­های هر دو پرسشنامه اخلاق کار اسلامی و پروتستانی از همسانی درونی بالایی برخوردار بودند. در مجموع نتایج نشان داد که اخلاق کار اسلامی و اخلاق کار پروتستانی سازه­های چند بعدی هستند. در پایان نتایج بر اساس مبانی زیربنایی اخلاق کار اسلامی و پروتستانی تبیین شده­اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اخلاق کار اسلامی؛ اخلاق کار پروتستانی؛ ساختار عاملی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating Factor Structure of Islamic and Protestant Work Ethics in Students

نویسندگان [English]

Seyed Esmaeil Hashemi

Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factor structure of work ethics in students. To this end, 715 students from universities of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Islamic Azad, Persian Gulf, Isfahan, Lorestan, Bojnourd, Hamedan Alvand and Hamedan Ganjnameh participated in the research and completed the research questionnaires. The principal components exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation on Protestant work ethic items and principal axis factoring exploratory factors analysis with promax rotation on Islamic work ethic items confirmed the five-factor and the six-factor solutions, respectively. The factor analysis on the 65 items of protestant work ethic revealed that the five-factor solution explained about 45% of the variance of data, and based on the content of items loaded on each factor, the factors were labeled as follow: hard work, work centrality, leisure time, self-reliance, and morality. Factor analysis on 43 Islamic work ethic items found that the six-factor solution explains about 44% of the variance of data, and according to the content of the items loaded on each factor, the factors were labeled as: centrality of work / Hard work, work and community / justice, cooperation and consultation, importance of work, importance of production and economic activities, and avoiding waste of time. The correlation coefficients between the obtained dimensions confirmed the relative independence of the factors. In addition, both Islamic and Protestant work ethics questionnaires had a high degree of internal consistency. Overall, the results showed that Islamic work ethic and protestant work ethics are multi-dimensional structures.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Islamic work ethic, Protestant work ethic, Factor Structure

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