تحلیل شاخص های شهر خلاق و ارتباط آن با مدیریت توسعه شهری سالم مطالعه موردی: کلانشهر اصفهان

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

مقاله 9، دوره 11، شماره 41، مرداد 1399، صفحه 131-146   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

حجت مهکویی^{* 1}؛ نادر شیرانی²

¹استادیار گروه جغرافیا، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران

²کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا آمایش شهری، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 12 مرداد 1398،  تاریخ بازنگری: 28 مهر 1398،  تاریخ پذیرش: 28 مهر 1398 

چکیده

در راستای توسعه پایدار شهرها تاکنون نظریه­ها و الگوهای مختلفی ارائه شده است. در این باره می­توان به نظریه­هایی مانند شهر سالم و شهر خلاق اشاره کرد. هدف اصلی پژوهش، تحلیل شاخص­های شهر خلاق و ارتباط آن با مدیریت توسعه شهری سالم در مناطق شهر اصفهان است. این پژوهش بر اساس هدف کاربردی و بر اساس ماهیت توصیفی- تحلیلی است. جهت تحلیل و سنجش داده­ها از مدل ویکور استفاده شده و در فرایند انجام آن از ضریب آنتروپی شانون و در نهایت نیز از روش همبستگی پیرسون بهره گرفته­ شده است. نتایج نشان می­دهد منطقه 3 با نمره 1 رتبه اول و  منطقه 5 با نمره 781/0 رتبه دوم را به خود اختصاص داده است. کمترین سطح نیز مربوط به منطقه 12 می­باشد و مناطق 5 و 6 با نمره برابر با 1 بهترین مناطق از لحاظ شاخص­های شهر سالم هستند. کمترین نمرات نیز به مناطق 15 و 11 اختصاص دارد. در نهایت پس از تعیین نمره هر یک از مناطق بر اساس شاخص­های شهر خلاق و سالم، رابطه بین این دو رویکرد در بین مناطق شهر اصفهان با استفاده از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون تحلیل می­شود. نتایج تحلیل­های آماری نشان می­دهد بین دو متغیر اصلی پژوهش رابطه وجود دارد. در واقع سطح معنی­داری کمتر از 05/0 است و ضریب همبستگی مثبت است. به این معنا که بین دو رویکرد در مناطق شهر اصفهان رابطه مستقیم وجود دارد. همچنین نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که ضریب بتا برابر با 614/0 است که می­توان گفت 60% تغییرات در زمینه توسعه شهر خلاق را می­توان با شاخص­های شهر سالم پیش­بینی کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

توسعه شهری؛ شهر سالم؛ شهر خلاق؛ کلاشهر اصفهان

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Indicators of the Creative City and its Relationship with Healthy City Development Case Study: Isfahan Metropolis

نویسندگان [English]

Hojat Mahkouii¹؛ Nader Shirani²

¹Department of Geography, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran

²M.A. Student of Urban Concourse Geography, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Various theories and models have been proposed so far for the sustainable development of cities. Theories like healthy city and creative city can be mentioned in this regard. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the indicators of creative city and its relationship with healthy urban development management in metropolitan areas of Isfahan. Vikor model was used to analyze and measure the data and Shannon entropy coefficient was used in the process and finally Pearson correlation method was used. The results of this study show that Zone 3 was ranked first with a score of 1 and Area 5 with a score of 0.781. The lowest level is also in Region 12, with Regions 5 and 6 scoring 1 as the best in terms of city indicators. The lowest scores are for areas 15 and 11. Finally, after determining each area's score based on creative and healthy city indices, the relationship between these two approaches between Isfahan city areas is analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results of statistical analysis show that there is a relationship between two main variables of the study. In fact, the level of significance is less than 0.05 and the correlation coefficient is positive. That is, there is a direct relationship between the two approaches in Isfahan. The results of regression analysis showed that the beta coefficient is equal to 0.614 which can be said that 60% of changes in creative city development can be predicted by healthy city indices.
 
Introduction
Throughout the twentieth century, the world's population has grown dramatically, with the highest rates facing urban areas. Cities now have about half the world's population. The creative city is a place with a strong boom in art and culture, creativity and innovation, with the use of sustainable development indicators. In the meantime, creativity means communicating with identity, rights, beliefs, understanding and, in general, social welfare(Zarra et al., 2014: 3) .Issues such as lack of citizen participation, lack of skills of urban managers in motivating the monitoring and monitoring of the indicators of a creative and healthy city in the city to explore this issue. Therefore, the main purpose of this research is to analyze the indicators of the city and its relation with healthy urban development in metropolitan areas of Isfahan, as well as to investigate the correlation and correlation of these two approaches in the urban areas. the creative city has evolved into a new initiative to transition from a static state to a focus on technology, infrastructure, manufacturing, and human resources(Vickery,2011: 4). Moving towards the creation and realization of a creative city Because of the status of the city as the place of formation of the knowledge-based society, the importance and centrality of cities in economic development is crucial(Zarabi & Mousavi, 2014: 19). The main questions in this article are: What are the different areas of Isfahan in terms of creative city and healthy city indicators? What is the relationship between creative city and healthy city indicators in Isfahan?
 
Materials and methods
This research is based on the applied purpose and based on the descriptive-analytical nature. The WIKOR model was used to survey and rank the areas and also in the process of performing the Wicover model, the Shannon entropy coefficient was used to weigh the indices and through the Pearson correlation method, the correlation coefficient of the two variables was tested. The findings of the research included rating and rating of each of the regions of the city of Isfahan based on the indicators of the city of creative and healthy. In this regard, the status of the regions based on the creative approach of the city and the status of these areas in terms of indicators of a healthy city is examined.
 
Discussion and Results
About Creative Cities and Areas Debour first came up with a theme in 1967 called "Spectacular City or City of Spectacle"(Akbari Motlagh, 2013:3). At present, the literature on the creative city in the world is widespread and steadily growing. the growth of cities in recent decades has been very slow and unnecessary. This indiscriminate growth has become more apparent in the 1970s. According to UNESCO's Global Organizational Criterion, it is a creative city that leverages the innovations and capabilities of citizens in sustainable urban development and that the creative thinking of residents moves in harmony with urban management(Sajadiyan,2013 : 46). In order to achieve a sustainable and creative city, the presence of 4 axes of urban ecology (competition, agreement, conflict and harmony) is essential. Isfahan urban area is divided into fifteen urban areas and outside the urban area it leads from west to Khomeini Shahr, from south to Safeh Mountain and Sepahan Shah, from north to Shahin Shahr and from east to Sajzi plain.
Findings include rating and rating of each district of Isfahan based on creative and healthy city indicators. This has put the sustainable development approach on the agenda. This approach suggested various patterns of urban development. In this context, we can refer to the models under study, namely the creative and healthy city. the findings of the research included rating and rating of each of the regions of the city of Isfahan based on the indicators of the city of creative and healthy. In this regard, the status of the regions based on the creative approach of the city and the status of these areas in terms of indicators of a healthy city is examined. In the theoretical basis of the research, 18 indicators were selected in the city of Creative City and in the next step, based on these indicators, a questionnaire was designed. In this questionnaire, experts were asked to determine the rating of each region based on the indicators provided. The score matrix of each region was compiled based on the indicators. After the decision matrix is formed, the relative weight of the indices is determined. In this regard, the Shannon entropy coefficient, which is one of the most accurate methods in weighting indices, is used.
 
Conclusion
The results showed that in the context of the creative city approach, the 3rd place with the first score is 1, and the 5th place with the score of 781/0 ranked second. The lowest level of creativity is related to area 12, which earned zero score. Based on the healthy city approach, the results indicate that the 5th and 6th regions with the score are equal to 1 of the best regions and the lowest scores are allocated to areas 15 and 11.In the next study, Pearson correlation coefficient and Regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results of this part of the research also showed that there is a direct relationship between the healthy city and the creative city. Regression analysis also showed that about 60 percent of the changes in the development of the creative city can be predicted with healthy city indicators. This research proved that there is a significant relationship between theories and patterns of urban development. The results of this study show that Isfahan has the potential to emerge as a creative craft city based on indicators defined by UNESCO and theorists such as Sasaki. Successful urban development, therefore, occurs when these patterns are put together in the agenda of urban management. Therefore, it can be said that new patterns have been proposed for solving urban problems in light of the changes that have occurred in recent years in urban settlements.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Healthy, Creative, City, Isfahan

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