تحلیلی بر اثرگذاری کیفیت محیط کالبدی بر الگوهای رفتاری شهروندان (نمونه موردی: میدان بابا طاهر همدان)

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

مقاله 11، دوره 10، شماره 39، بهمن 1398، صفحه 144-156   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

ندا صحراکار¹؛ کیانوش ذاکرحقیقی^{* 2}

¹دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد طراحی شهری، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران.

²دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت: 23 دی 1397،  تاریخ بازنگری: 17 تیر 1398،  تاریخ پذیرش: 26 مهر 1398 

چکیده

در طول تاریخ فضاهای شهری به تدریج با نزول کیفیت محیط کالبدی رو برو بوده­اند و به جای صحنه­های گفتگو تبدیل به فضاهایی برای خیره شدن و مخصوص حرکت سواره شده­اند. این پژوهش با هدف شــناخت کیفیت محیط کالبدی و تأثیر آن بر الگوهای رفتاری افراد در میدان آرامگاه باباطاهر همدان صورت گرفته است که با استخراج شاخص‌ها و با بکارگیری از پرسشنامه و نقشه‌های رفتاری اطلاعات لازم را جمع‌آوری و برای تبدیل یافته‌ها به مؤلفه‌های کمی از نرم‌افزار SPSS و برای اولویت‌بندی محدوده‌های اطراف میدان جهت مداخله در بهبود الگوهای رفتاری باروش TOPSIS به تحلیل اطلاعات می‌پردازد. یافته های تحلیل نشان می‌دهد که نحوه استفاده از فضا به گونه‌ای است که محدوده شرقی با فعالیت‌های انتخابی (5%/11) ،فعالیت‌های اجتماعی (15%)و سپس در محدوده جنوبی با فعالیت‌های انتخابی (5%/15)، فعالیت‌های اجتماعی (5%/6) از امتیازات بالاتری نسبت به دیگر محدوده ها برخوردار هستند و به ترتیب معیارهای اجتماعی، ویژگی بصری، کیفیت زندگی شهری ایمنی و امنیت رابطه مستقیمی با رخداد فعالیت‌های انتخابی و فعالیت‌های اجتماعی دارند نکته حائز اهمیت مدت زمان رویداد این فعالیت‌هاست که در بازه زمانی کوتاه اتفاق می‌افتد، که ارتقا این امر علاوه بر ارتقا کیفیت محیط کالبدی با ایجاد قرارگاه های رفتاری مطلوب و غالب کردن آنها این امر میسر می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

الگو‌های رفتاری؛ محیط کالبدی؛ قرارگاه‌های رفتاری؛ آرامگاه بابا طاهر؛ همدان

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explain the effect of physical environment quality on behavior patterns(Case Study: Baba Taher Hamadan Square)

نویسندگان [English]

Neda Sahrakar¹؛ Kianoosh Zakerhaghighi²

¹Neda Saharakar, M. A. Student in Urban Design , urban planning and design Department ,Hamedan branch , Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.

²Associate Professor, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Abstract
        Throughout history, urban spaces have been gradually declining in the quality of the physical environment and have become staging spaces for staging and movement. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of physical environment and its impact on behavioral patterns of people in Babatahar tomb in Hamadan, Iran. In order to prioritize the areas around the field to intervene in the improvement of behavioral patterns, TOPSIS analyzes the information. The results of the analysis show that space use is such that the eastern area with selective activities (11.5%), social activities (15%) and then the southern area with selective activities (15.5%), social activities ( 6.5%) had higher scores than other areas. As such, social criteria, visual attributes, quality of urban life, safety and security are directly related to the occurrence of selective activities and social activities. More effective in the vitality and dynamics of this place. But the important thing about the duration of the event is that it happens in a short period of time, which in addition to enhancing the quality of the physical environment by creating desirable behavioral sites and dominating themthem.             

Keywords: behavior patterns, physical environment, behavioral headings, quality.
 
 
Extended Abstract
Introduction :
         Human behavior is the result of one's motivations and needs, the capability of the environment, the mental image resulting from his perception of the outside world, and the meaning that this image has for him. Behavior is strongly influenced by culture and society because behavior is shaped by the environment and spaces around it. Throughout history, urban spaces, especially historic squares, have gradually declined with the quality of the physical environment and have become spaces for dazzling, rather than speculative, scenes of riding. The present study investigates the quality of physical environment and its impact on the behavioral patterns of users of Hamadan tomb space, which is one of the urban signs of Hamadan. Firstly, the theoretical foundations of factors influencing one's behavior in the environment, behavior patterns, behavior, and behavioral bases, environmental quality components in urban design and then extracting indicators of physical factors influencing the behavior of the environment are: Security, safety, visual features, quality of urban life, social.
Methodology:
        Considering the research objectives, this study, while examining the theoretical foundations including factors affecting individual behavior in the environment, behavior patterns, behavior and residences behavior and environmental quality components in urban design in the first place, indicators of evaluation and affecting physical environment Behavioral patterns are extracted from valid internal and external sources such as: security, safety, visual attributes, quality of urban and social life, and then by direct observation (behavioral mapping) and indirect observation (questionnaire), opinions and behavior of individuals. Harvested. Factor analysis in SSPS software and TOPSIS in excel software to prioritize defined boundaries of physical environment to enhance their effectiveness in applying and making the best decisions through empowerment approach have been used to convert qualitative findings to quantitative components. And finally, using the analysis and information gathered, the suggested principles and strategies and priorities for realizing the impact of physical quality on behavior patterns.         

Results and discussion:         
       The results of the analysis show that the use of space in the field range is that in the frequency analysis of behavioral patterns, the eastern range with selective activities (11.5%) and social activities (15%) and then in the southern range of selective activities (5 15%) and social activities (6.5%) have higher scores. As such, social criteria, visual attributes, quality of urban life, safety and security are directly related to the occurrence of selective activities and social activities, and promotion and organization of these cases primarily in the south, west and then the area boundaries, east side and north side, respectively. Improves the vitality and dynamics of this place more effectively.

Conclusion:
      According to the analysis of the impact of physical environment on the behavioral patterns of the field under study, the answer to the first question of the research that is about the influence of behavioral patterns on the quality of physical environment is that the relationship between the quality of physical environment and the activities selected by There is a direct relationship to behavior, but it is important to note that the duration of the event is short-lived and causes the vibrancy and dynamics of this urban space to decline. On the other hand, the use of space in social activities shows that in addition to enhancing the quality of the physical environment, it is advantageous to create favorable behavioral domains and to dominate these activities and social-activity nodes, which can extend the duration of the activity by considering the second question. That is how urban society relates to urban space in this way. William White summarizes the result of his study of social life in a small urban space: "People sit where they can sit." This sentence, while obvious and ordinary, is very important and can change the life of a city.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

behavioral patterns, physical environment, behavioral setting, Baba Taher Tomb, Hamedan

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