بررسی الگوی تحقق محله پایدار با رویکرد نوشهرگرایی مطالعه موردی: محله شهید هاشمی نژاد (پاچنار) مشهد

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

مقاله 6، دوره 12، شماره 44، اردیبهشت 1400، صفحه 93-108   

نوع مقاله: مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jupm.2021.3911

نویسندگان

محمد رحیم رهنما^{* 1}؛ محمد اجزا شکوئی¹؛ آزاده تشکری بهشتی²

¹استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

²دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری پردیس بین الملل دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

تاریخ دریافت: 12 آبان 1398،  تاریخ بازنگری: 28 دی 1398،  تاریخ پذیرش: 29 دی 1398 

چکیده

نوشهرگرایی در پاسخ به­نتایج اجتماعی، زیست­محیطی و پراکنش ناشی از توسعه­های حومه­ای در امریکا به وجود آمد و به یکی از رویکردهای جدید در شهرسازی قرن بیستم تبدیل گردیده و تمرکز آن توجه به انسان در برنامه­ریزی شهری است. مفهوم تراکم بخشی از جنبش نوشهرگرایی در بخش محلی است بدین صورت که تراکم بهینه موثر بر تحقق مفهوم محله چگونه باید باشد، مورد توجه قرار می­گیرد. هدف این پژوهش بررسی شاخص­های اثر گذار بر تراکم ساختمانی بر اساس نظریه نوشهرگرایی در محله شهید هاشمی­نژاد و سپس ارائه الگوی پیشنهادی تراکم ساختمانی در این محله می­باشد. روش تحقیق حاضر مبتنی بر روش توصیفی- تحلیلی و همبستگی می­باشد. داده‌­های مورد نیاز به روش میدانی و با استفاده از پرسشنامه گرد­آوری شده است. حجم نمونه به روش کوکران و برابر با 343 نفر تعیین شده و نمونه­گیری به روش تصادفی سیستماتیک انجام گرفت. از فرایند تحلیل شبکهANP  جهت تحلیل داده­ها و وزن ­دهی معیار­ها و شاخص­ها استفاده که با پرسش از ۱۵ خبره دانشگاهی در ‏رشته­‌های مرتبط بدست آمده است. 6 معیار (جمعیتی، دسترسی به خدمات، دسترسی­پذیری، کالبدی­فضایی، زیست­محیطی و اقتصادی) و 24 زیر شاخص در سطح محله بررسی گردید که شاخص جمعیتی با ضریب وزنی 0.43 از 1 دارای بیشترین تاثیرگذاری را در نحوه توزیع تراکم ساختمانی در حوزه مورد مطالعه (محله شهید هاشمی­نژاد) داشته­اند. در انتها با روی­هم اندازی لایه شاخص­ها در نرم­افزار GIS تراکم پیشنهادی برای این محله ارائه می­گردد که نتایج حاصل نشان می­دهد بیشترین تراکم پیشنهادی (زیاد و خیلی زیاد) در حاشیه خیابان­های اصلی و مرز محله می­باشد و هر چه به عمق بافت محله پیش می­رویم از شدت تراکم کاسته می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

محلۀ پایدار؛ نوشهرگرایی؛ تراکم ساختمانی؛ ANP

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explore pattern to achieve sustainable neighbourhoods with new urbanism approach Case study: Shahid Hasheminezhad Neighbourhood of Mashhad

نویسندگان [English]

mohamad rahnama¹؛ mohamad shokiei¹؛ azadeh tashakori²

¹professor, Department of Geography, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, Ferdowsi University Of mashhad (FUM), Mashad, Iran.

²PhD student in Geography and Urban Planning at Ferdowsi University International Campus, Mashad, Iran

چکیده [English]

New urbanism approach was emerged in response to the social, environmental, and scattered results caused by suburban development in the US. The concept of density is part of the New Urbanism movement in the local chapter. In this case, the optimum density that affects the concept of neighborhood should be considered. In this paper, the factors affecting the construction density based on the theory of New Urbanism were measured in Shahid Hashemi Nejad (Pachenar) neighborhood in Mashhad. The research method was descriptive-analytical through research purposes. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the correlation between variables and the analytic network process (ANP) is used for data analysis. The 6 criteria and 24 sub-indicators were calculated at the neighborhood level. The results indicated that the population index with weighting coefficient as much as 0.43 of 1 has the highest influence in the distribution of construction density in the area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

new urbanism, sustainable neighborhoods, construction density, ANP

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