تحلیل عوامل مؤثر در تغییر سبک زندگی مسکونی در قلمرو جغرافیای رفتاری و ساختاری کلان شهر تبریز

فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

مقاله 9، دوره 10، شماره 39 - شماره پیاپی 38، آبان 1399، صفحه 95-108   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

شهریور روستایی¹؛ مینا فرخی صومعه^{* 2}؛ رسول قربانی³

¹دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

²دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

³استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 30 اردیبهشت 1398،  تاریخ بازنگری: 06 مرداد 1398،  تاریخ پذیرش: 26 مهر 1398 

چکیده

  
      سبک زندگی مسکونی خانوارها در گذار از مرحله سنتی به مدرن دگرگون شده و بشر سبک‌های مسکونی جدیدی را تجربه می‌کند. امروزه مساکن شهری در معرض بزرگ­ترین تغییرات سبک زندگی قرار گرفته‌اند. تغییراتی که فرصت جامعه‌پذیری، انتخاب، پایداری زیستی– محیطی و انطباق با ویژگی‌های کالبدی را فراهم نمی‌سازد. تغییر در سبک زندگی مسکونی در ساختار کلان‌شهر تبریز منجر به دگرگونی در الگوی سکونت شهری شده و باعث به وجود آمدن مساکنی متفاوت از گذشته شده و مسکن تبدیل به کالایی برای نمود تمایز طبقاتی بین خانوارها و الگویی کاملاً سودمحور و نفع طلبانه به خود گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر درصدد است با رویکرد جغرافیای رفتاری و ساختاری به شناسایی و تحلیل عوامل مؤثر در تغییر سبک زندگی مسکونی در کلان‌شهر تبریز بپردازد. نوع تحقیق کاربردی، روش تحقیق توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و در روش گردآوری اطلاعات از مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی با ابزار پرسشنامه استفاده شده است. تعداد پرسشنامه یا حجم نمونه برابر 384 خانوار بوده است. در پژوهش حاضر، در تعیین مؤلفه‌های سبک زندگی مسکونی از تحلیل عاملی و نرم‌افزار ₂₂ SPSS  استفاده شده است. روایی پرسشنامه بر اساس اعتبار صوری و پایایی آن با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ، 89/0 به دست آمده است. تجزیه ‌و تحلیل در این پژوهش مبتنی بر روش الگویابی معادلات ساختاری با استفاده از نرم‌افزار لیزرل بوده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که، عامل اقتصادی با حدود 83/0 بیشترین اثرگذاری را در ساکنین به ‌عنوان عامل فعال تصمیم‌گیرنده برای سبک زندگی مسکونی و تغییر آن دارد. همچنین در ارزیابی نیکویی برازش مدل عوامل رفاهی، محیطی، اقتصادی و اجتماعی با تغییر در سبک زندگی مسکونی رابطه مثبت و معنادار دارد. در نهایت، شکل‌گیری جامعه مصرفی، ترجیح اصل سود و ایجاد جامعه مبادله‌ای به همراه فضاهای طبیعی مصنوع عمده‌ترین اثرات تغییر سبک زندگی مسکونی ‌است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سبک زندگی مسکونی؛ جغرافیای رفتاری؛ جغرافیای ساختاری؛ مدل معادلات ساختاری؛ کلان‌شهر تبریز

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of effective factors in changing residential lifestyle in the area of behavioral and structural geography in Tabriz metropolitan

نویسندگان [English]

Shahrivar Rostaei¹؛ Mina Farokhi Someh²؛ Rasoul Ghorbani³

¹Associate Professor of Geography & Urban Planning, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.

²Geography and urban planning, Faculty of planning and environmental science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

³Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The residential lifestyle has changed from traditional to modern, and people experience to new residential styles. Today, urban housing is subject to the greatest changes in life. A change that makes it possible for socialization, choice, bio-environmental sustainability and adaptation to intrinsic qualities. The change in residential lifestyle in the Tabriz Metropolitan area has led to a change in the urban pattern, causing different issues from the past to be different, and housing becomes a commodity to distinguish between classifications among families and patterns that are quite profitable and beneficial. The present study explores to identify and analyze the factors affecting the changing of residential lifestyle in a Tabriz metropolitan area with a structural and behavioral geographic approach. The type of applied research is a descriptive-analytic research method. In the method of data collection, library and field studies have been used with the questionnaire tool. The number of questionnaires or sample size was 384 households. In the present study, factor analysis and SPSS ₂₂ software were used to determine the variables of residential lifestyle. Similarly, the validity of the questionnaire was examined based on formal validity and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficients was 0.89. The analysis of this research, which was based on SEM, was considered using LISREL software. The results of the research showed that the economic factor of about 0.83 had the most effect on residents as the active factor of decision-making for residential style and its change. Also, in evaluating the goodness of fit, the model of welfare, environmental, economic and social factors have a positive and significant relationship with changes in residential lifestyle. Finally, the formation of a consumer society, the main advantage of profit and the creation of an exchange society, along with synthetic natural spaces, is the most important effect of changing the residential lifestyle.
Extended Abstract
Introduction:
      The residential lifestyle of households has been transformed from the traditional to the modern, with people experiencing new housing styles. Today, urban housing has been subject to the greatest lifestyle changes. Changes that do not provide the opportunity for socialization, choice, bio-environmental sustainability and adaptation to physical characteristics. The change in the residential lifestyle in the Tabriz metropolitan structure has led to a change in the pattern of urban living and has created housing different from the past, and housing has become a commodity to reflect the class distinction between households and a completely self-centered and profitable model. The present study seeks to identify and analyze the factors affecting the change of residential lifestyle in Tabriz metropolitan area through behavioral and structural geography approach.
Methodology:
       The present research is applied in terms purpose and is descriptive - analytic in terms method.Statistical Society of this study is households residing in Tabriz metropolis in 2018. Data pertinent on theoretical foundations of research is prepared to method of libraries and documentary and raw data of the research is extracted from a questionnaire with a sample size of 384 households. In this study, factor analysis and SPSS ₂₂ software were used to determine the components of residential lifestyle. The validity of the questionnaire was 0.89 based on its face validity and its reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The analysis in this study was based on Structural Equation Modeling using LISREL software. The results showed that the economic factor with about 0.83 had the most impact on the residents as the active decision-making factor for the residential lifestyle and its change. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between goodness of fit, environmental, economic and social factors with changes in residential lifestyle. Ultimately, the formation of the consumer community, the preference for profit, and the creation of an exchange society with the natural spaces of the artifact are the major effects of changing the way of living.
Results:
       The results indicate that the economic factor with about 0.83 has the most impact on the residents as the active decision-maker for the residential lifestyle and its change. Also, there is a positive and significant relationship between goodness of fit, environmental, economic and social factors with changes in residential lifestyle. Finally, the formation of the consumer community, the preference for profit, and the creation of an exchange society with natural spaces of artifacts are the major effects of changing the way of living.
Conclusion:
       herefore, it can be said that the more economic factors in the choice of housing and the choice of housing, the higher the rate of change in residential lifestyle towards economics. Economically based residential lifestyle in Tabriz metropolis has created a way for households to move away from the natural environment, forming individualistic exchange societies, neglecting housing preferences, forming artificial spaces without regard to household needs and preferences. . In individualism, human dominance over natural resources for wealth production is the basis of work, and it is this structure that provides the basis for the formation of housing differentiation and commercialization of housing; Demographic, household priorities and expectations to reinforce social and environmental styles in residential life can be effective in the construction and development of housing with amenities, high utility, collectivism, and reduced individual focus.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Residential Lifestyle, Behavioral Geography, Structural Geography, Structural Equations, Tabriz Metropolitan

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