تاثیر کیفیت محیطی در جذب گردشگر به مقاصد گردشگری در شهرهای کوچک "مطالعه موردی شهر کلور

فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

مقاله 20، دوره 11، شماره 44، اسفند 1400، صفحه 327-340   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jzpm.2022.4250

نویسندگان

اسماعیل نصیری هنده خاله^{* 1}؛ الهام افتخاری²؛ نگار طراوتی³

¹دانشیار جغرافیا وبرنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه پیام نور تهران، ایران

²استادیار جغرافیا وبرنامه ریزی روستایی دانشگاه پیام نور تهران ایران

³دانش اموخته امایش شهری دانشگاه پیام نور تهران ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 07 اسفند 1398،  تاریخ بازنگری: 22 تیر 1399،  تاریخ پذیرش: 27 تیر 1399 

چکیده

 امروزه یکی از مقاصد جذب گردشگر، شهرهای کوچک هستند سطح کیفیت محیط، میران جذب گردشگر را در این گونه مقاصد گردشگری تعیین می‎کند . شهر کوچک کلور از توابع شهرستان خلخال در استان اردبیل است که با توجه به اقلیم مناسب و نیز وجود جاذبه­های متعدد طبیعی، مورد توجه گردشگران بسیاری قرار دارد. اما هم اکنون، استفاده‌ای مناسب از این توان گردشگری در راستای جذب حداکثری گردشگر انجام نمی‌شود. هدف پژوهش ارزیابی تاثیر کیفیت محیط بر اساس مولفه های کالبدی-زیست محطی، عملکردی–ساختاری، اجتماعی–فرهنگی و مدیریتی، وارتباط آن با جذب گردشگر در این شهر کوچک است. روش پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی است. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از روش کتابخانه‌ای و مطالعات میدانی استفاده شده است. ابزار گردآوری داده‌های اصلی پژوهش، پرسش‌نامه محقق ساخته می‌باشد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که میان عوامل کیفیت محیطی (کالبدی-زیست محیطی، عملکردی-ساختاری، اجتماعی-فرهنگی و مدیریتی) به عنوان متغیر مستقل در این پژوهش وجذب گردشگر به مقصد گردشگری به عنوان متغییر وابسته رابطه معنی‌دار وجود دارد. مولفه کالبدی-زیست محیطی (با میانگین 14/4) بالاترین درصد میانگین را در بین مولفه‌های چهارگانه به خود اختصاص داده است و مولفه‌های اجتماعی، فرهنگی ومدیریتی ،عملکردی-ساختاری در رتبه‌های بعدی قرار دارند. مولفه کالبدی 183/0، مولفه اجتماعی وفرهنگی 139/0 مولفه مدیریت 126/0، مولفه عملکردی-ساختاری 118/0 رابطه معنی‌داری با جذب گردشگر دارند. و با توجه به اینکه بعد کالبدی-زیست محیطی بیش‌ترین میزان بتا را دارا می‌باشد. لذا، از قدرت تبیین کنندگی لازم برخوردار است ونسبت به سایر متغییرها تاثیر بیش‌تری بر روند جذب گردشگر دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کیفیت محیطی؛ جذب گردشگر؛ شهرهای کوچک؛ مقصد گردشگری

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Environmental Quality on the Attraction of Tourism to the Purposes of Tourism in Small Cities "A Case Study of Chlor City

نویسندگان [English]

ESMAEL NASIRI HENDEH KHALEH¹؛ elham eftkhari²؛ negar taravati³

¹associat profesor in geo graphy and urban planning in payam noor university tehran iran

²asssociat profesoor geography and rural planning

³Taught Noor University of Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Today, small towns are one of the tourist attractions. The level of environmental quality determines how much tourists are attracted in such tourist destinations. The small town of Color is one of the functions of Khalkhal city in Ardabil province, which is visited by many tourists due to its suitable climate and the existence of numerous natural attractions. But nowadays, this tourism potential is not used properly to attract the maximum number of tourists. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of environmental quality based on physical-environmental, functional-structural, socio-cultural and managerial components, and its relationship with tourist attraction in this small city.
Keywords: Environmental quality, tourist destination, small towns, color city
Extended Abstract
Introduction:
Today, one of the attractive destinations for tourists are small towns, which are taking the form of tourism development in various dimensions in such cities. Therefore, in order to achieve the goal of attracting tourists to tourism destinations in small cities, examining the quality of environmental services is of great importance in the process of attracting tourists. The quality of provided services has a direct impact on attracting tourists.
Strengthening infrastructure, preserving landscapes and the environment, and framework reconstruction improve the appearance and small towns’ image from the perspective of tourists and strengthen the quality of the environment to attract tourists.
Methodology:
This research’s approach is descriptive-analytical. Library method and field studies have been used to collect information. The main data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire. The tools for measuring and analyzing the data are statistical methods (parametric and non-parametric) and SPSS software. Cochran's formula was used to determine the number of samples and 200 people were interviewed as statistical samples. The variables used in this research are: environmental quality components (independent variable) which include physical-environmental, socio-cultural, structural-functional, managerial components and the dependent variable of this research is tourist attraction.     
Findings:
Since the attraction and loyalty of tourists to the tourism destinations is highly dependent on their satisfaction with environmental conditions and quality, through the T test, we examine the extent and intensity of the impact of the four components of environmental quality on tourist attraction. According to the average of numerical desirability in the studied components (number 3), the majority of the studied items have an average higher than the desirability. Due to the significant level at the alpha level of 0.05, all indicators have direct effects on tourist attraction and this point also has an effect on tourist satisfaction. Data analysis of Table shows that the physical-environmental component (with an average of 4.14) has the highest average percentage among the four components and social, cultural and managerial, functional-structural components are in the next ranks.
The greatest impact on the rate of tourist attraction in the study area is in the physical-environmental dimension, the second rank belongs to the socio-cultural component and the least impact on the tourist attraction belongs to the components of urban management.
The greatest impact on the rate of tourist attraction in the study area is in the physical-environmental dimension and the second rank belongs to the socio-cultural component and the lowest impact on the tourist attraction belongs to the components of urban management.
In order to measure the importance of dimensions and components of environmental quality, stepwise regression was used. The results of stepwise regression analysis show that the physical-environmental component with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.848 has the greatest impact on tourist attraction in the area.
Conclusion:
The choice of urban tourism destinations by tourists is influenced by various factors, one of the most important of which is the role of environmental quality factors that guide tourists in choosing a tourist destination to small towns.
In this study, an attempt was made to explain the role of environmental quality in attracting tourism to tourism destinations in the small town of Color in Ardabil province.
According to the obtained results, it can be said that the components of environmental quality are effective in introducing and attracting tourists, and the set of components of environmental quality provide the basis for tourists' satisfaction
The results showed that tourists in the level of alpha 0.05 have been satisfied with the environmental quality of tourism in the city in all areas and most of it is related to the physical-environmental component with an average of 4.14 and socio-cultural, managerial and functional-structural components are in the next ranks, Therefore, it can be said that the physical and environmental factors of the tourist destination, which have the components of quality of space and tourism facilities, weather conditions, green space, visual beauty, have had a significant impact on attracting tourists in the small town of Color. The physical components of the environment can provide a competitive environment for choosing a tourist destination in this city. Significant regression results also showed that the physical-environmental component with a beta coefficient of 0.183 is more effective in attracting tourists than other components. As a result, it has the necessary explanatory power over other variables.
percentage among the four components and social, cultural and managerial, functional-structural components are in the next ranks.
The greatest impact on the rate of tourist attraction in the study area is in the physical-environmental dimension, the second rank belongs to the socio-cultural component and the least impact on the tourist attraction belongs to the components of urban management.
The physical-environmental component has a significant effect on tourist attraction. This effect is also evi In order to measure the importance of dimensions and components of environmental quality, stepwise regression was used. The results of stepwise regression analysis show that the physical-environmental component with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.848 has the greatest impact on tourist attraction in the area. Has been studied. Dent in the value of the standardized beta coefficient.
Conclusion:
The choice of urban tourism destinations by tourists is influenced by various factors, one of the most important of which is the role of environmental quality factors that guide tourists in choosing a tourist destination to small towns.
In this study, an attempt was made to explain the role of environmental quality in attracting tourism to tourism destinations in the small town of Color in Ardabil province. According to the obtained results, it can be said that the components of environmental quality are effective in introducing and attracting tourists, and the set of components of environmental quality provide the basis for tourists' satisfaction.
The results showed that tourists at the level of alpha 0.05 have been satisfied with the environmental quality of tourism in the city of Color in all areas and most of it is related to the physical-environmental component with an average of 4.14 and socio-cultural, managerial and functional-structural components. Are in the next ranks. Therefore, it can be said that the physical and environmental factors of the tourist destination, which have the components of quality of space and tourism facilities, weather conditions, green space, visual beauty, have had a significant impact on attracting tourists in the small town of Chlorine. The physical components of the environment can provide a competitive environment for choosing a tourist destination in this city. Significant regression results also showed that the physical-environmental component with a beta coefficient of 0.183 is more effective in attracting tourists than other components. As a result, it has the necessary explanatory power over other variables.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Keywords: Environmental quality, Tourism attraction, Small cities, Tourism destination

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