شناسایی و اولویت‌بندی موانع یکپارچه‏سازی اراضی کشاورزی در ایران

فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی

مقاله 7، دوره 13، شماره 4، بهمن 1400، صفحه 111-133   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jae.2022.4534

نویسندگان

مسلم سواری^{* 1}؛ عباس میرزایی²؛ زینب اسدی³

¹استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

²استادیار، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

³دانش‏آموخته کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت: 16 آذر 1398،  تاریخ بازنگری: 30 آذر 1398،  تاریخ پذیرش: 06 اسفند 1399 

چکیده

چکیده
مقدمه و هدف: شناخت و بررسی تنگناها و مشکلات توسعه کشاورزی در جوامع روستایی اولین گام در فرایند توسعه روستایی محسوب می‏شود. عموماً بیشتر اندیشه‏های جدید پیرامون یکپارچه‏سازی و ساماندهی اراضی مطرح شده است اما نتوانسته، اجرای موفقیت‏آمیزی داشته باشد. در این راستا این تحقیق با هدف کلی شناسایی و اولویت‏بندی موانع یکپارچه‏سازی اراضی کشاورزی در ایران براساس دیدگاه کارشناسان با استفاده از روش تصمیم‏گیری چندمعیاره انجام شد.
مواد و روش‏ها: جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل 25 نفر اعضای هیات علمی و کارشناسان صاحب‌نظر که به مسایل مدیریت اراضی، خردی و پراکندگی آگاهی دارند در نقاط مختلف ایران برای مطالعه انتخاب شدند. جهت بررسی موانع یکپارچه‏سازی 43 مانع شناسایی شده در قالب شش محور اصلی (موانع اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی، زراعی و اکولوژیکی، آموزشی و حرفه‏ای، سیاسی و قانونی، فنی و زیرساختی) براساس چهار معیار توسعه کشاورزی، قابلیت اصلاح شدن، خودکفایی، کاهش فقر و ناامنی غذایی اولویت‏بندی شدند. وزن‏دهی به معیارها براساس روش آنتروپی و اولویت‏بندی موانع براساس دو روش موریس و SAW انجام شد.
یافته‏ها: نتایج تحقیق نشان داد در اکثریت موارد نتایج دو روش مانند هم بود. نتایج ارزیابی کلی گزینه‏های مورد بررسی براساس دو روش ساو و موریس نشان داد که در روش ساو مهمترین موانع به ترتیب شامل سیاسی و قانونی، فنی و زیرساختی، اقتصادی، آموزشی و حرفه‏ای، اجتماعی و فرهنگی است. اما در روش موریس به ترتیب موانع شامل آموزشی و حرفه‏ای، فنی و زیرساختی، اقتصادی، زراعی و اکولوژیکی، سیاسی و قانونی، اجتماعی و فرهنگی است. نتایج نشان داد که نتایج دو روش موریس و SAW در بیشتر موارد شبیه بود.
بحث و نتیجه‏گیری: در این راستا براساس نتایج پژوهش پیشنهاداتی در زمینه توسه زیرساخت‏ها، برطرف نمودن موانع قانونی و سیاسی و توسعه صنایع تبدیلی و تکمیلی جهت به‏کارگیری نیروی مازاد جوامع روستایی در اثر اجرای طرح یکپارچه‏سازی ارائه شد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

یکپارچه ‏سازی اراضی؛ مدیریت اراضی؛ توسعه کشاورزی؛ امنیت غذایی؛ ایران

عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination and Prioritization of Barriers to consolidation of Agricultural Land in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

Moslem Savari¹؛ Abbas Mirzaei²؛ Zeinab Asadi³

¹Assist. Prof. Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.

²Assist. Prof. Department of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.

³MSc Rural Development, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Understanding the bottlenecks and problems of agricultural development in rural communities is the first step in the rural development process. Most of the new ideas about land consolidation have generally been raised but it has not been successful. In this regard, this study was conducted with the aim of overcoming the obstacles of agricultural land integration in Iran based on the viewpoint of experts based on multi criteria decision.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population of the study consisted of 25 faculty members and experts who were knowledgeable about land management and micro scattering in different parts of Iran. To examine the barriers to integration of the 43 identified barriers in six main formats (economic, social and cultural, agronomic and ecological, educational and professional, political and legal, technical and infrastructure) based on four index, agricultural development, Priority, self-sufficiency, poverty alleviation and food insecurity were prioritized. Weighting of the index was done based on the entropy method and prioritize barriers based on two approaches Saw and Morris.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Land Integration, Land Management, Agricultural Development, Food Security, Iran

مراجع

- Ahmadpour, A. Feli, S. & Soltani, Sh. (2015). Factors affecting the unwillingness of paddy farmers in Mazandaran province to participate in land integration plan. Journal of Rural and Development, 18(2): 1-18. (In Persian).

- Akhoni Pour Hosseini, F. & Ghorbani, M. A. (2018). Application of Shannon entropy to select optimal inputs in river flow prediction using intelligent models. Journal of Irrigation Science and Engineering, 41(2): 183-195. (In Persian).

- Amini, M. Ahmadi, Ahmadi, A. & Papzan, A. (2007). Investigating and comparing the reasons for farmers’ opposition to the implementation of integrated agricultural land projects in Kermanshah city and Lenjanat region of Isfahan province. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology and Natural Resources, 11(41): 417-431. (In Persian).

- Anabestani, A. A. Rosta, M. Avrideh. A. & Saiadi Abgoli, M. (2014). Comparative comparison of the level of rural settlements using the feature coefficient model and Morris (Case study: Meymand section – Firoozabad County). Zagros Vision Geography and Urban Planning Quarterly, 6(19): 99-119. (In Persian).

- Azar, A. & Abdolalipour, A. (2006). Evaluation of the provincial trade organizations with the MADM approach. Journal of Business Research, 39: 157-189.

- Bordbar, M. Neshat, A. R. & Javdi, S. (2019). Modification of Galdite model using entropy method to assess the vulnerability of Qarasu-Gorgan river coastal aquifer. Journal of Echo Hydrology, 6(1): 41-50. (In Persian).

- Cay, T.  & Uyan, M. (2013).  Evaluation of reallocation criteria in land consolidation studies using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Land Use Policy 30: 541–548.

- Dahimavi, A. Ghanian, M. Mehrab Ghochani, O. & Zarei, H. (2015). The process of applying multi-criteria decision models in prioritizing the implementation of water resources development projects in rural areas of Khuzestan province. Journal of Water and Sustainable Development, 1(3): 9-16. (In Persian).

- Demetriou, D. (2013). The development of an integrated planning and decision support system (IPDSS) for land consolidation. Springer Science & Business Media.

- Demetriou, D. Stillwell, J. & See, L. (2012). Land Consolidation in Cyprus: why is an integrated planning and decision Supprt System required?. Land use policy, 29(1): 131-142.

- Einali, J. (2015). The role of land consolidation to improve areas of agricultural entrepreneurship in the city Khodabande (Item villages in the area of agricultural services Nurabad). Journal of Regional Planning, 4 (13): 61-74.

- Estelaji, A. Saiedi, M.  & Pourbalf, E. A. (2011). Assessing the level of development of villages in Ilam province by Morris method. Journal of Geography, 4(17): 173-189. (In Persian).

- Fathabadi, A. Rohani, H. & Saidian, S. M. (2017). Determining the relative importance of the parameters of two integrated hydrological models using Morris, Sobol and entropy index methods. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation Research, 24(2): 1-21. (In Persian).

- Hadipour, M., & Lasmipour, R. (2015). Socioeconomic implications of agricultural land integration and its role on rural development, National Conference on Sustainable Rural Development Perspective, Sixth Development Plan, University of Tehran.

- Haghighat, S. Iravani, H. Kalantari, Kh. Mahdavi, E. & Ghadimi, A. (2015). Analysis of the driving factors of land consolidation plan from the perspective of farmers in Fars province. Iranian Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 46(1): 21-34. (In Persian).

- Hartvigsen, M. (2014). Land reform and land fragmentation in Central and Eastern Europe. Land Use Policy, 36: 330–341.

- Huang, Q., Li, M. & Z. Chen. (2010). Land Consolidation: An Approach for Sustainable Development in Rural China, AMBIO, 40, 93-95.

- Jalalian, H. & Javan, F. (2017). Analysis of economic effects of paddy land integration projects in rural settlements (Case study: Central part of Rezvanshahr city). Journal of Study of human rural settlement planning, 12(38): 69-81. (In Persian).

- Jamei, R. & Alizade, M. (2014). Investigating the use of SAW and TOPSIS mathematical models to prioritize investments in pharmaceutical companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. Journal of Accounting reviews, 2: 19-35. (In Persian).

- Kalantari, Kh. & Abdollahzadeh, G. (2008). Factors affecting agricultural land Fragmentation in Iran: a case study of Ramjerd Sub-District in fars Province. American journal of agricultural and Biological Sciences, 3(1), 358-363.

- Karimi, F. Ahmadvand, M. & Heidari, A. (2018a). Research on methods for measuring land development levels based on experimental data. Journal of Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, 18(15): 151-164. (In Persian).

- Karimi, Kh. Rashipour, L. & Rasoli Azar, S. (2018b). Explaining the barriers to agricultural land integration (Case study: Buchan County). Journal of Planning Studies of Human Residences, 13(3): 647-661. (In Persian).

-  Kamangar, M. & Ghaderi, F. (2016). Investigating the accuracy of Shannon entropy weighting method in determining suitable areas of artificial nutrition. Iranian Soil and Water Research, 47(2), 247-258. (In Persian).

- Kawasaki, K. (2010). The costs and benefits of land fragmentation of rice farms in Japan. Aust. J. Agric. Resour. Econ. 54, 509–526.

- Khatami Firouzabadi, A. Kahtari, A. & Akhgari, A. (2016). Strategic evaluation of flexible production systems in a home appliance company. Journal of Production and Operations Management, 12(1): 23-48. (In Persian).

- Küsek, G. (2014). Türkiye’de Arazi Toplulaştırmasının Yasal Durumu ve Tarihsel Gelişimi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(1), 1-6. (In Turkey).

- Lu, H. Xie, H. He, Y. Wu, Z. & Zhang, X. (2018). Assessing the impacts of land fragmentation and plot size on yields and costs: A translog production model and cost function approach. Agricultural Systems, 161, 81-88.

- Mahdavi, E. (2017). Assessment of barriers to agricultural land integration (case study of Azna villages). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 48(2): 233-242. (In Persian).

- Maleki, S. & Modanlu Joibari, M. (2016). Assessing and ranking the quality of life in Mazandaran province using AHP and SAW techniques. Journal of Geography and Urban Space Development, 1(4): 133-147. (In Persian).

-  Matondi, P.B. (2013). Scope for Empowering Women through Entrepreneurial Development in the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable (FFV) Sector in Zimbabwe, Investment Climate and Business Environment Research Fund (ICBE-RF), Dakar, January 2013. http://trustafrica.org/en/publications-trust/icbe-researchreports?download=84:scope-for-empowering-women-through-entrepreneurial-development-in-the-freshfruit-and-vegetable-ffv-sector-in-zimbabwe.

- Miranda, D. Crecente, R. & Alvarez, M. F. (2006). Land consolidation in inland rural Galicia, N, W. Spain, Since 1950: an Example of the formulation and use of questions, criteria and indicators for evaluation of rural development policies. Land use policy, 23(4): 511-520.

- Mirasgari, A. Alahmoradi, A. & Aghinezhad, A. (2013). Investigating Barriers and Strategies for Agricultural Land Integration Management from Farmers' Perspectives Case Study: Darrehshahr County. The first national conference on agriculture and sustainable natural resources, Tehran. (In Persian).

- Mohammadi Ygane, B. and Nabati, A. (2013). Analysis of Barriers Agricultural Development in Rural Areas by Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process. Geographical space, 13(44): 135-152.

- Naderi Mahdi, K. Charkhtabian, T. & Latifi, S. (2015). Assessing the level of agricultural development in the western provinces of the country using multi-criteria decision making techniques (MADM). Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Sciences, 11(2): 67-81. (In Persian).

- Niroula, G. S. & Thapa, G. B. (2005). Impacts and causes of fragmentation and lessons learned from land consolidation in south Asia. Land use policy, 22(4): 358-372. 

- Parizadi, T. Bahmani, M. Shakarami, M. H. Bayranvandzadeh, M. & Sobhani, N. (2016). Determining the rural-urban center, a model for sustainable development of rural areas (Case study: Khorramabad County). Regional Planning Quarterly, 6(23): 129-140. (In Persian).

- Pasakarnis, G. & Maliene, V. (2010). Towards sustainable rural development in central and eastern Europe: applying land consolidation. Land use policy, 27(2): 545–549.

- Pourkhosravani, M. & Mosavi, S. E. (2018). Evaluation of optimal development axes of Dalaki-Vahdatiyeh cities using Dematel, SAW and AHP methods. Journal of geographical information, 27(106): 201-212. (In Persian).

- Rezaei, A. Rashidpour, L. & Rasouli Azar, S. (2004). Analysis of barriers to failure in agricultural land consolidation (Case Study: Urmia county). Master's thesis. Agricultural Management Department, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad Branch.

- Sallaku, F. (2010). The Role of Land Consolidation Activities in the Sustainable Rural Development in Albania. Research Journal of Agricultural Science, 42(3): 45-59.

- Savari, M. & Sharifi, H. (2019). Analysis of the Challenges of Small Scale Exploitation System in Iran. Third National Conference on New Research in Agricultural Engineering, Environment and Natural Resources, Tehran. (In Persian).

- Shakor, A. Shamsadini, A. Zare, A. & Karimi, F. (2013). Analysis of the degree of development of rural areas of Marvdasht city using Morris model and difference coefficient. Journal of Rural Research and Planning, 4: 49-74. (In Persian).

- Shamaie, A. Salehi, A. & Hossinpour, M. (2015). Spatial analysis of the effects of border markets on the development of Baneh and Piranshahr County. Journal of Spatial Planning, 5(18): 189-200. (In Persian).

- Sharifi, M. A. Sadar Shahraki, A. Dadashi, M. A. & Asgari, M. H. (2019). Investigating the process of agricultural land integration and its economic effects Case study: Paddy farmers of Guilan province. Journal of Agricultural Economics Research, 1(11): 217-236. (In Persian).

- Shokati Amghani, M. Kalantari, Kh. Asadi, A. & Shabanali, H. (2018a). Investigating the factors affecting the wisdom and dispersion of agricultural lands in East Azarbaijan province. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 49(3): 487-508. (In Persian).

- Shokati Amghani, M. Kalantari, Kh. Asadi, A. & Shabanali, H. (2018b). A review of the micro-status and dispersion of agricultural lands in the world and Iran, Land management, 6(1): 63-83. (In Persian).

- Shuhao, T. Heerink, N. & Qu, F. (2006). Land Fragmentation and its driving forces in china. Land use policy, 23(3): 272-285.

- Sklenicka, P. (2006). Applying evaluation criteria for the land consolidation effectto three contrasting study areas in the Czech Republic. Land-use Policy, 23 (4): 502–510.

- Sklenica, P. (2016). Classification of farmland ownership fragmentation as a cause of land degradation: A review on typology, consequences, and remedies. Land Use Policy, 57: 694-701.

- Sklenica, P. Zouhar, J. Trpáková, I. & Vlasák, J. (2017). Trends in land ownership fragmentation during the last 230 years in Czechia, and a projection of future developments. Land Use Policy, 67, 640-651.

- Statistics Center of Iran (2015). Agricultural Census Results 2014. Avaliable: www.amar.org.ir

- Uyan, M. Cay, T. Inceyol, Y. & Hakli, H. (2015). Comparison of designed different land reallocation models in landconsolidation: A case study in Konya/Turkey. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 110: 249-258.

- Van Dijk, T. (2004). Land Consolidation as central Europe’s Panacea reassessed. Proceeding of symposium an modern land Consolidation Volvic, France, September 10-11, 2004. 

- Van Dijk, T. (2007). Complications for traditional land consolidation in Central Europe. Geoforum 383: 505–511.

- Xie, H.L. & Lu H. (2017). Impact of land fragmentation and non-agricultural labor supply oncirculation of agricultural land management rights. Land Use Policy 68, 355–364.

- Yucer, A. A. Kan, M. Demirtas, M. & Kalanlar, S. (2016). The importance of creating new inheritance policies and laws that reduce agricultural land fragmentation and its negative impacts in Turkey. Land Use Policy, 56, 1-7.