بهبود یکنواختی توزیع بده هوای قطره‌چکان‌ها در سامانه‌های اکسیژن-آبیاری

فصلنامه علمی مهندسی منابع آب

دوره 14، شماره 48، اردیبهشت 1400، صفحه 1-15   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/wej.2021.4585

نویسندگان

منوچهر ترابی^{* 1}؛ مختار میران زاده²

¹کارشناس ارشد بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران

²مربی بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 31 فروردین 1395،  تاریخ بازنگری: 14 مهر 1398،  تاریخ پذیرش: 06 اردیبهشت 1400 

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: اکسیژن-آبیاری روشی است که در آن با استفاده از ونتوری، هوا به سامانه آبیاری قطره‌ای زیرسطحی تزریق می‌شود تا ریشه گیاه آب‌وهوا را به‌طور هم‌زمان دریافت کند. هدف از تحقیق حاضر‌ بررسی تاثیر نسبت های مختلف اختلاط دو نوع سرفکتنت بر بهبود یکنواختی توزیع بده هوا در سامانه های آبیاری قطره ای زیرسطحی بود.
مواد و روش‌ها: توزیع بده هوای خروجی از یک سامانه اکسیژن-آبیاری در شرایط حضور دو سرفکتنت غیر یونی ترایتون ایکس-100 و توئین 80 و سه نسبت اختلاط این دو با یکدیگر شامل 2 : 1، 1 : 1، و 1 : 2 در آب آبیاری، مطالعه و نتایج باحالتی که جریان آب ‌و هوا فاقد سرفکتنت بود، مقایسه شدند. برای تجزیه و تحلیل یافته ها از ضریب یکنواختی کریستیانسن، و آزمون‌های کولموگوروف-اسمیرنوف و فریدمن استفاده شد (05/0 ≥P).
یافته‌ها: در غیاب سرفکتنت‌ها، ضریب یکنواختی توزیع کریستیانسن (CUC) برای بده هوای قطره‌چکان‌ها 67- درصد بود. میزان افزایش نسبی CUC در حالتی که از ترایتون ایکس-100، توئین 80، نسبت اختلاط 1:2، 1:1، و 2:1 این سرفکتنت‌ها استفاده‌شده بود، به ترتیب 211، 162، 210، 213 و 206 درصد به دست آمد.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج حاکی از آن است که به دلیل وجود خاصیت برهم‌افزایی بین این دو نوع سرفکتنت، استفاده از مخلوط آن‌ها می‌تواند به نحو مؤثرتری باعث بهبود یکنواختی توزیع هوای قطره‌چکان‌ها بشود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اکسیژن-آبیاری؛ تهویه؛ سرفکتنت؛ یکنواختی توزیع؛ حباب‌های هوا

عنوان مقاله [English]

Enhancing the Uniformity of Emitter Air Bubble Delivery During Irrigation With Aerated Water

نویسندگان [English]

Manouchehr Torabi¹؛ Mokhtar Miranzadeh²

¹Master of Science , Agricultural Engineering Research Department , Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran

²Instructor , Agricultural Engineering Research Department , Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Oxygation is a variant of subsurface drip irrigation in which ambient air is injected through the system via a venturi, thereby plant roots receive air and water simultaneously. The objective of this research was to study the effect of two surfactants and certain ratios of them on the uniformity distribution of emitter air flow rates along lateral pipes in an oxygation system.
Matherials and Methods: Two non-ionic surfactants, namely, Triton X-100 and Tween 80, and three mixtures of them with different ratios including 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 were added to irrigation water and the results were compared to the case where no surfactant was used. For statistical analysis of data, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Friedman tests along with Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient were used.
Findings: In the absence of surfactants, Christiansen uniformity coefficient (CUC) for emitter air flow rates was -67 percent. The relative increase in CUC, when Triton X-100, Tween 80, and the ratios 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 were applied, amounted to 211, 162, 210, 213, and 206 percent, respectively.
Conclusion: The results of this research clearly indicates that application of surfactant mixtures with synergic interaction will effectively enhance distribution uniformity of emitter air flow rates.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Oxygation, aeration, surfactant, distribution uniformity, air bubbles

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