بررسی رفتارهای فرانقش میان فردی در نظام آموزشی: تبیین نقش انگیزه خدمت عمومی، حمایت همکاران و ظرفیت ماموریت

دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی رهیافتی نو در مدیریت آموزشی

دوره 12، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 50، مهر و آبان 1400، صفحه 19-34   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jedu.2021.25610.5108

نویسندگان

محمد صفری¹؛ رضا زارع^{* 2}؛ علیرضا فتحی زاده³

¹دکترای مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد بندر دیلم، بندر دیلم، ایران،

²استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران.

³استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران،

تاریخ دریافت: 12 مرداد 1399،  تاریخ بازنگری: 01 آبان 1399،  تاریخ پذیرش: 23 آبان 1400 

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: بهره‌گیری از کارکنانی که دارای روحیه خدمت به جامعه و برخوردار از انگیزه خدمت عمومی­اند می­تواند نقش مهمی در کارآمدی و اثربخشی خدمات عمومی داشته باشد. لذا هدف از این مطالعه تحلیل تاثیر انگیزه خدمت عمومی و حمایت همکاران بر رفتار شهروندی میان فردی از طریق ظرفیت ماموریت و تعهد سازمانی است.
روش شناسی: روش پژوهش در این تحقیق توصیفی از نوع همبستگی است که از روش مدل­یابی معادلات ساختاری برای آزمون فرضیات و برازش مـدل اسـتفاده می کند. نمونه آماری پژوهش، شامل151 نفر از کارمندان سازمان آموزش و پرورش شهرستان جیرفت است که با استفاده از روش سرشماری انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری اطلاعات پرسشنامه استاندارد است که روایی صوری و محتوایی آن با نظرخواهی از استادان فن و بکارگیری پرسشنامه استاندارد و روایی سازه با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی تاییدی و نیز پایایی پرسشنامه با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ مورد تایید قرار گرفت. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها از نرم افزار SPSS22 و AMOS22  استفاده شد.             
 یافته ها: یافته­های پژوهش نشان می­دهد که انگیزه خدمت عمومی و حمایت همکار از طریق میانجی­گری متغیرهای ظرفیت مأموریت و تعهد سازمانی بر رفتار شهروندی میان فردی اثر غیرمستقیم دارند.      
 نتیجه گیری: پیشنهاد می شود سازمان های دولتی مانند آموزش و پرورش در فرایند برنامه ریزی و مدیریت منابع انسانی خود به ویژه سازوکارهای لازم برای انجام فعالیت های فرانقش و داوطلبانه به منظور استفاده بیشتر از کارکنان با انگیزه خدمات عمومی در جهت افزایش کارایی و اثربخشی خدمات و رضایت بیشتر ارباب رجوع استفاده کند. علاوه بر این سازمان­های دولتی باید شرایطی را فراهم سازند تا کارکنان از طریق تعامل و همکاری متقابل و حمایت از یکدیگر، رفتار شهروندی را در سازمان خود تقویت بخشند و در نهایت با افزایش تعهد کارکنان، ظرفیت آنان را در جهت خدمات بهتر به ارباب رجوع بهبود بخشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رفتار شهروندی؛ انگیزه خدمت عمومی؛ حمایت همکاران؛ تعهد سازمانی؛ ظرفیت ماموریت

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating Interpersonal Extra-Role Behaviors in the Educational System: Explaining the Role of Public Service Motivation, colleagues Support and Mission Capacity.(A Survey in Jiroft Educationl Organization)

نویسندگان [English]

mohammad Safari¹؛ Reza Zare²؛ Alireza Fathizade³

¹.Ph.D., Public Management, Islamic Azad University, Deylam Branch, Deylam, Iran.

²Assistant Professor, Department of Public Management, Payame Noor University, Teheran. Iran

³Assistant Professor, Department of Public Management, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Today, the environmental complexities and interdependencies of tasks within organizations have made it increasingly necessary to have employees who go beyond the formal duties and responsibilities of their job.Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of public service motivation and colleagues support on interpersonal citizenship behavior through mission capacity and organizational commitment.The research method in this research is a descriptive correlation that uses the structural equation modeling method to test the hypotheses and model fit.The statistical population of the study is 151 employees of education and training in Jiroft city. The research sample was selected using census method. The data collection tool is a standard questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaire using content validity was confirmed by the experts familiar with the subject of research, reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. SPSS22 and AMOS22 software were also used to analyze the data Findings of the research indicate that the motivation of public service by mediating peer support on the citizenship behavior has an indirect effect. The public service motivation by mediating the mission of the mission to the citizenship behavior has an indirect effect. The public service motivation by mediating an organizational commitment to the citizenship behavior has an indirect effect Public service motivation, capacity building, and support for partners due to the obligations created by the mutual norms in the workplace and the organization, have a significant role in solving employee problems.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Citizenship behavior, public service motivation, colleagues support, organizational commitment, mission capacity

مراجع

• Abbaspour, Asghar (1385). Investigating the Relationship between Human Resource Actions and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors among Bank Mellat Employees, M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran. [in Persian].
• Ahmadi Baladeh, Seyed Mehdi and Salari Talmadreh, Hamid (1394). Predicting Organizational Citizenship Behavior Using Perceived Organizational Support, National Conference on Key Topics in Management and Accounting, pp. 1-17. [in Persian].
• Ali, A. Abrar, M. & Haider J. (2012). Impact of Motivation on the working performance of employees- A case study of Pakistan,Global Advanced Research Journal of Management and Business Studies, 1(4), pp. 126-133.
• Armeli, S. (1986). Perceivedorganizational support and police performance: The moderating influ-ence of socioemotional needs, Journal of Applied Psychology, 83(4), pp. 288–297.
• Becton,B., William F. Giles., Mike, S.(2008).Evaluating and rewarding OCBs: Potential consequences of formally incorporating organisational citizenship behaviour in performance appraisal and reward systems,30(5), pp. 494-514.
• Beheshtifar, M., & Hasani, G.R. (2015). Organizational citizenship behavior: A factor to decrease organizational conflict. interdisciplinary journal of contemporary research in business, 5(1), pp. 214-222.
• Bateman, T.S., & Organ, D.W. (2009). Job satisfaction and the good soldier: the relationship between affect and employee citizenship. Academy of Management Journal, 26 (8), pp. 126-138.
• Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York: John Wiley, 325.
• Chen, S.X., & Carey, T.P. (2009). Assessing citizenship behavior in education contexts the role of personality, motivation, and culture. Journal of Psycho educational Assessment, 27(2), pp. 125-137.
• Chiang, C. F., & Hsieh, T. S. (2012). The impacts of perceived organizational support and psychological empowerment on job performance: The mediating effects of organizational citizenship behavior, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(1), pp. 180-190.
• Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support, Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(5), pp. 500–507.
• Farhad, H. D., Ghatari, A. R., & Hasiri, A. (2011). Employees Morale in Public Sector: Is Organizational Trust an Important Factor? European Journal of Scientific research, 46 (3), pp. 378-390.
• Ghasemi Esfahalan, Leila (1396). The Role of Perceived Organizational Support on Citizen Behavior in Service Organizations, International Conference on New Research in Management, Economics, Tourism Industry Empowerment in Development, Mashhad, Shandiz Institute of Higher Education, pp. 1-18. [in Persian].
• Hossam, A. (2010). Relationship between personality and organizational citizenship behavior, international review of business resrarch papers, 3(4), pp. 43-31.
• Hui, C., Law, K.S., and Chen, Z.X. (1999), A structural equation model of the effects of negative affectivity, leader-member exchange, and perceived job mobility on in-role and extra-role performance: A Chinese case. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 77.
• Huang, J.H., Jin, B.H., Yang, C. (2008). Satisfaction with business-to-employee benefit systems and organizational citizenship behavior. International Journal of Manpower, 25(2), pp. 195-210.
• Hatami, Hussein; Mirjafari, Seyed Ahmad and Mojahedi Jahromi, Saeedeh (2011). The Relationship between Quality of Work Life and Organizational Commitment and Productivity in Jahrom Medical Sciences Employees, New Approach in Educational Management, 2 (3), 25-40. [in Persian].
• Hosseini, Seyed Hossein and Hazrati, Mahmoud (2013). Identifying and Explaining the Influencing Factors in the Occurrence of Organizational Anti-Citizenship Behaviors, Police Organizational Development Quarterly, 10 (44), 65-47. [in Persian].
• Kaiser, L.C. (2014). Job satisfacation and public service motivation. Discussion Paper Series, 7935, pp.35-71.
• Kim, S. (2006). Public service motivation and organizational citizenship behavior in Korea. International journal of manpower 27(8), pp. 722-740.
• Kamalian, A. R., Yaghoubi, N. M., & Moloudi, J. (2010). Survey of Relationship between Organizational Justice and Empowerment (A Case Study). European Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Sciences, 24(5), pp. 165-171.
• Karavardar, G. (2014). Perceived Organizational Support, Psychological Empowerment, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Job Performance and Job Embeddedness: A Research on the Fast Food Industry in Istanbul, Turkey, International Journal of Business and Management, 9(4), pp. 120-132.
• Kim, S., & Vandenabeele, W. (2010). A Strategy for Building Public Service Motivation Research Internationally, Public Administration Review, 70(5), pp. 701 –709.
• Khorasani, Ahmad and Kanani Nairi, Pejman (2012). Investigating the Relationship between Organizational Justice and Organizational Citizenship Behavior with Job Satisfaction of Employees of the Parent Company of the country's Airports, Quarterly Journal of Job and Organizational Counseling, 4 (12) 12, 79-100. [in Persian].
• Kim, Y.H. (2013). Determinants of organizational citizenship behabior and its outcomes, Global business and management research. An international journal, 5(1), pp. 54-65.
• Kaplan, M., Ilhan, I., Ogut, E., & Attar, M. (2013). The effect of perceived organizational support on employee’s organizational citizenship behavior: A study of hotel employees in Turkey. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 31(1), pp.61-71.
• Lawton A., & Rayner J. (2009). Public Service Motivation in a Fragmented Public Sector: A Case Study Approach. paper presented at the International Public Service Motivation Conference, Indiana University, pp.256-273.
• Lin, L., Orsmond, G. I., Coster, W. J., & Cohn, E. S. (2010). Families of adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorders in Taiwan: the role of social support and coping in family adaptation and maternal well-being. Research in autism spectrum disorders, 5(1), pp.144-156.
• Martin, A. (1998). Academic resilience and its psychological and educational correlations: a construct validity approach. Psychology in the Schools,43(4), pp. 267-281.
• Mossholder, K. W., Settoon, R.P. & Henagan, R.P. (2005). A Relational Perspective on Turnover: Examining Structural, Attitudinal and Behavioral Predictors. Academy of Management Journal, 48(4), pp. 807–818.
• Mowday, R. T; Steers, R. M; Porter, L. W. (1979). The Measurement of Organizational Commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 1(3), pp. 14- 224.
• Najafi Chaleshtari, Mahboubeh (1395). Investigating the Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support, Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Supervising Experts of Khuzestan Health Insurance Hospital, World Conference on Psychology and Educational Sciences, Law and Social Sciences at the Beginning of the Third Millennium, pp. 1-11. [in Persian].
• Poor Soltani Zarandi, Hossein and Amirji, Ramin (2013). The Relationship between Organizational Commitment and Organizational Citizenship Behavior, University of Tehran Management, Journal of Sports Management, 16, 147-127. [in Persian].
• Organ, D.W. (1988), Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
• Palmer, M. M., & Wright, P. M. (2007). Fundamentals of Human Resource Management. Fourth Edition. McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
• Perry, J. L., & Wise, L. R. (1990). The Motivational Bases of Public Service. Public Administration Review, 50(3), pp.367-373.
• pearce John and David fred (1987), The bottom Line on corporate Mission statements: The bottom line, Academy of Management Exexutive 1,1987:109
• Shafaqat, Abu Talib; Zahedi, Mohammad Javad; And Nazak Tabar, Hussein. (1392). The effect of organizational commitment on the performance of industrial companies based on the model of Meyer et al., Management Improvement Quarterly, 7 (1), 70-85. [in Persian].
• Sanjay, K.P. (2008). Public Service Motivation and Interpersonal Citizenship Behavior in Public Organizations: Testing a Preliminary Model. International Public Management Journal, 11(1), pp. 89–108.
• Tulayi, Ruhollah and Bagheri, Muslim (1391). Investigating the effect of organizational commitment on the performance of organizations. Bimonthly Journal of Police Human Development, 6 (30) 73-96. [in Persian].
• Vali L., & Ravangard R. (2014). study of effective factors on nurse’s job motivation in Kerman University of Medical sciences teaching hospitals in 1386. HOSPITAL Journal. 8(2), pp.23-9.
• Vigoda, E., Beeri, T., & Anit, S. (2017). Group-Level Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the Education System: A Scale Reconstruction and Validation.Educational Administration Quarterly, 43(4), pp.462- 493
• Vandenabeele, W. (2007). Towards a public administration theory of public service motivation: An institutional approach. Public Management Review 9(4), pp. 545–556.
• Wickramasinghe, V. and Jayaweera, M. Impact of career plateau and supervisory support on career satisfaction: A study in offshore outsourced IT firms in Sri Lanka.Career Development International, 15(6), pp. 544 – 561
• S., & Palmer, k. (2003). Whistle-stop tour of the theory and practice of stress management and prevention: Its possible role in postgraduate health promotion. Health Education Journal, 62(2), pp. 133-142.
• Wajh al-Dini, Mustafa and Ali Mullah Hosseini (2015). Investigating the Relationship between Perceived Organizational Support and Job Performance through the Mediating Role of Citizenship Behavior (Case Study: Kerman Welfare Department), 3rd International Conference on Economics, Management, Accounting with Value Creation Approach, Shiraz, Narun Expert Managers Training Institute. 14.[in Persian].
• Zarea, H. (2012). Organizational citizenship behaviors and their relationship to social capital in public organizations of Qom province.Iranian journal of management studies, 5(1), pp.79-96.
• Zahedi, Shams Sadat and Montazeri, Mohammad (1391). Providing a model for promoting public service motivation of managers based on the data conceptualization strategy of the Foundation, Quarterly Journal of Organizational Behavior Studies, 1 (13), 22-10. [in Persian].