ارائه الگوی مدیریت اجرای آموزش مهارت های زندگی دانش اموزان ابتدایی

دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی رهیافتی نو در مدیریت آموزشی

دوره 12، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 51، آذر و دی 1400، صفحه 184-167   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jedu.2022.28418.5695

نویسندگان

علی جباری ظهیرآبادی¹؛ مهدی شریعتمداری^{* 2}؛ یلدا دلگشایی²؛ فرشته کردستانی²

¹دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

²استادیار گروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 01 مرداد 1400،  تاریخ بازنگری: 21 آبان 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 09 شهریور 1400 

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: این مقاله به ارائه الگوی اجرایی آموزش مهارت های زندگی به دانش آموزان ابتدایی بر اساس مدل 4H  با استفاده از پژوهش ترکیبی پرداخته است. با مطالعه ادبیات پژوهش، ابعاد، مولفه ها و شاخص ها شناسایی شده و نتیجه در قالب الگوی اجرایی ارائه شده است.
روش شناسی پژوهش: جامعه آماری در بخش کمی معلمان ابتدایی شاغل به تدریس در شهرستان رفسنجان شامل 1457 نفر هستند که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران تعداد نمونه حداقل 304 نفر برآورد شد و با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. به منظور تبیین بهتر نتایج و آشکار شدن موارد مغفول در فاز کمّی، 13 مصاحبه عمیق در بخش کیفی با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری هدفمند و به صورت گلوله برفی انجام شد. ابزار جمع آوری داده ها در خصوص مولفه های آموزش مهارت های زندگی و عوامل سه شاخگی، پرسشنامه محقق ساخته است که روایی آن به وسیله تحلیل عاملی تاییدی و هم چنین روایی صوری و پایایی توسط محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ بترتیب با مقادیر 830/0 و 81/0 سنجیده و الگوی اجرایی تحقیق با استفاده از داده های جمع آوری شده از طریق پرسشنامه و هم چنین بهره گیری از فنون آمار توصیفی، استنباطی و مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
یافته ها: الگوی پژوهش با 15 مولفه مهارت زندگی و 10 مولفه از عوامل سه شاخگی ارائه گردید.
بحث و نتیجه­ گیری: یکی از مهم ترین مولفه های تاثیرگذار بر مهارت های زندگی، کتاب درسی یکی از عوامل زمینه ای است که میتواند 6 مولفه از مهارت های زندگی را شامل: ارتباطات، مهارت های قابل عرضه، خود مسوولیتی، اخلاق کاری، مدیریت، مهارت های زندگی سالم را پیش بینی کندو مهم ترین مولفه تاثیرگذار بعدی بر مهارت های زندگی، جامعه از عوامل رفتاری است که قابلیت پیش بینی 5 مولفه از مهارت های زندگی از جمله: تصمیم گیری، تفکر خلاق، هدف گذاری، حل مساله و خودآگاهی را دارد و مولفه های تاثیرگذار بعدی از عوامل سه شاخگی خانواده، تلویزیون و مدرسه هر کدام با قابلیت پیش بینی 3 مولفه از مهارت های زندگی هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

الگوی؛ مدیریت اجرای؛ آموزش؛ مهارتهای زندگی؛ دانش آموزان ابتدایی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Provide a model for managing the implementation of life skills training for elementary students

نویسندگان [English]

ali Jabbari¹؛ Mehdi Shariatmadari²؛ yalda delgoshaei²؛ Fereshteh Kordestani²

¹PhD Student, Department of Educational Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

²Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Management, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: Life skills are abilities that enable a person to cope effectively with the demands and conflicts of life.The present study aims to provide a management model for the implementation of life skills training for elementary students based on the 4H and three-pronged model.
research methodology: The present research was a series of consecutive conversions (qualitative and quantitative) in terms of applied development objectives and in terms of data, and in terms of the type of study and the nature of the research, it was a systematic review in terms of quality and cross-sectional in terms of quantity. The statistical population of the study was all primary teachers working in primary schools in Rafsanjan (1457 people). Targeted and Delphi sampling methods were used to determine the sample size in qualitative dimension and Cochran sampling in quantitative dimension. The number of samples was estimated to be at least 304. The measuring instrument was two researcher-made questionnaires (Life Skills Questionnaire with 91 questions and Tricolor Factors Questionnaire with 27 questions).
Findings: The results of the present study showed that one of the most important components affecting life skills is the textbook of contextual factors that can include 6 components of life skills including: communication, deliverable skills, self-responsibility, work ethic, management, healthy living skills And the most important influential component on the life skills of society is one of the behavioral factors that can predict 5 components of life skills .
Conclusion: Research model with 15 life skills including communication skills, trustworthy skills, self-responsibility, work ethic, management, healthy living skills, critical thinking, approval, creative thinking, self-awareness, determination, problem solving, attention to others, self-esteem and 10 The component is presented from three factors including textbook, television, workshop, family, peers, community, cyberspace, counselor, extracurricular books and school.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Life skills model, elementary students, 4H model, three-pronged model

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