تأثیر سرمایه اجتماعی و سرمایه انسانی بر آلودگی آب در استان های ایران

فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزی

مقاله 1، دوره 14، شماره 1، اردیبهشت 1401، صفحه 1-19   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jae.2022.17266.1854

نویسنده

زانا مظفری^*

استادیار گروه علوم اقتصادی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 17 اسفند 1396،  تاریخ بازنگری: 23 مرداد 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 30 فروردین 1401 

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: آب یکی از مهمترین و بنیادی‌ترین عوامل حیات موجودات زنده است از این نظر جلوگیری از آلودگی آب نیز به همان نسبت مهم و مورد توجه می‌باشد. عوامل آلوده کننده آب بسیار گوناگون‌اند که شامل عوامل اقتصادی، فرهنگی و اجتماعی می­شود. هدف این مقاله بررسی تاثیر سرمایه اجتماعی و سرمایه انسانی در کنار سایر متغیرهای اقتصادی بر آلودگی آب در استان­های ایران طی دوره زمانی 1394-1386 می­باشد.
مواد و روش­ها: در این راستا با استفاده از منطق فازی سرمایه اجتماعی در هریک از استان­های کشور  برآورد گردید که نتیجه آن اختلاف چشم­گیری را بین استان­ها نشان داد. سپس با توجه به پویا بودن مدل از روش گشتاورهای تعمیم یافته استفاده گردید.
یافته ­ها: نتایج تجزیه و تحلیل داده­های تحقیق نشان داد که ارتقاء سرمایه اجتماعی و سرمایه انسانی تاثیر معنی­داری بر کاهش آلودگی آب در استان­های کشور دارند. آلودگی آب دوره قبل، صنعتی شدن، رشد اقتصادی و شهرنشینی تاثیر معنی­داری بر افزایش آلودگی آب در استان­های ایران دارند. همچنین مصرف کود شیمیایی در زمین­های کشاورزی نیز تاثیر معنی­داری بر افزایش آلودگی آب دارد.
بحث و نتیجه­ گیری: دولت می­تواند با برنامه­ریزی در زمینه؛ افزایش تخصصص و بهبود کیفیت نیروی انسانی، همچنین ارتقا آگاهی، جلب اعتماد و افزایش مشارکت مردم، کاهش فساد و ارتقاء شاخص­های اقتصادی، انتشار آلودگی آب را کاهش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سرمایه اجتماعی؛ سرمایه انسانی؛ آلودگی آب؛ روش گشتاورهای تعمیم یافته

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Social Capital and Human Capital on Water Pollution in Iranian Provinces

نویسندگان [English]

zana mozaffari

Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Water is one of the most important and vital factors in the life of living organisms. In this regard, prevention of water pollution is equally important and important. Water contaminating agents are very diverse and can pollute both groundwater and surface water. The main of this paper is to investigate the effect of social capital and human capital on water pollution in Iranian provinces during the period of 1396-1386. In this regard, using fuzzy logic of social capital was estimated in each province of the country and resulted showed large difference between provinces, then according to the dynamism of the model, the method of generalized moments was used. The results showed that social capital and human capital had a negative and significant effect on water pollution. Water contamination of the previous period, industrialization, economic growth and urbanization have had a positive and significant impact on water pollution in Iran's provinces. Also, the use of chemical fertilizer in agricultural land also has a positive and significant impact on water pollution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Social Capital, Human Capital, Water Pollution, GMM

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