تحلیل عوامل موثر بر سازمان یابی فضایی شهری با رویکرد نقش مدیران و سازمان های شهری ( مورد کلان شهر تهران)

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

مقاله 15، دوره 13، شماره 48، اردیبهشت 1401، صفحه 235-250   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jupm.2022.30437.4186

نویسندگان

محمدرضا رضایی^{* 1}؛ زهرا حسینی²

¹هیات علمی

²گروه علوم انسانی، واحد قشم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قشم، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت: 21 اردیبهشت 1401،  تاریخ بازنگری: 05 تیر 1401،  تاریخ پذیرش: 07 تیر 1401 

چکیده

سازمان فضایی در شهر تبلوری از روابط پیچیده میان نظام های مختلف از جمله نظام قدرت ، نظام کاربری زمین ، نظام اسکان جمعیت، نظام نمادها و مفاهیم هویتی ( اعم از مصنوع و طبیعی ) ، و نظام ارتباطی در چهارچوب نظام های اجتماعی - اقتصادی دوران و مواریث نظام های گذشته شهر است. بنابراین این پژوهش با هدف تحلیل سازمان یابی فضایی شهری با رویکرد نهادی –مدیریتی در کلانشهر تهران، صورت گرفته است. این پژوهش برپایه شواهد میدانی ( بررسی مناطق شهرداری تهران بر اساس سازمان یابی فضایی ) و اسناد مختلف کتابخانه ای صورت گرفته است. با استفاده از روش AHP و تاپسیس که در بین 12 نفر از متخصصین شهرسازی و معماری توزیع گردید به جهت بررسی سازمان یابی فضایی شهری در سطح کلانشهر تهران می پردازیم ، نتایجی از قبیل اینکه هرچه مقدار نسبت های عرصه های پیرامونی و درونی راهبردی سازمان دهی فضایی به معیارهای رویکرد نهادی - مدیریتی بالاتر باشد نشان دهنده مطلوب بودن سازمان یابی فضایی شهری و در نتیجه مطلوب بودن وضعیت مناطق مورد بررسی است و فرض آماری بزرگتر بودن واریانس نمرات رویکرد ترکیبی AHP – TOPSIS در مقایسه با رویکرد TOPSIS (واریانس ها به ترتیب برابر با 0056/0 و 0153/0 ) با استفاده از آزمون آماری F در سطح اطمینان 95/0 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و برتری توان تشخیصی رویکرد ترکیبی بر رویکرد TOPSIS اثبات شد ، حاصل گردید و در ین راستا به ارائه راهکارهایی جهت بهبود سازمان یابی شهری با رویکرد نهادی – مدیریتی پرداخته شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سازمان؛ فضایی؛ نهادی؛ مدیریتی؛ تهران

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of effective factors on urban spatial organization , focusing on institutional approach and the role of urban organizations (Case of Tehran metropolis)

نویسندگان [English]

mohammadreza rezaei¹؛ zahra hosseini²

²Department of Humanities, Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran.

چکیده [English]

More than half of the world's population lives in cities and is expected to increase in the coming decades. Urban can be very effective in regulating the performance of cities and changing the face of space, such as (land use, human density, change in intensity and direction of flows of centers, etc.) residential systems. The space organization in the city is a reflection of the complex relations between different systems such as power system, land use system, population settlement system , system of symbols and identity concepts (both artificial and natural), and communication system within the socio - economic systems of the time and The legacy of the past systems of the city. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of analyzing urban spatial organization with an institutional-managerial approach in the metropolis of Tehran. This research is based on field evidence (study of Tehran municipal areas based on spatial organization) and various library documents. Using AHP and TOPSIS methods, which were distributed among 12 urban planning and architecture experts, we study urban spatial organization in the metropolitan area of Tehran. According to the criteria of the institutional-managerial approach, it indicates the desirability of urban spatial organization and consequently the desirability of the situation in the study areas. (0.015 and 0.0153) were tested using F statistical test at a confidence level of 0.95 and the superiority of the diagnostic power of the combined approach over the TOPSIS approach was proved, and in this regard, to provide solutions to improve urban organization with The institutional-managerial approach is discussed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Organizational, spatial, institutional, managerial, Tehran

مراجع

1.  Alizadeh, A., (2013). Study and analysis of Yazd city space organization from the perspective of space justice, Master Thesis in Urban Planning, Tarbiat Modares University.
2. Amanpour, S., & Sajjadian, M., (2016). Pathological study on spatial organization and management of Tehran metropolis in accordance with the approaches and guidelines derived from the ideal of integrated management in the country, Quarterly Journal of Geography and Urban Planning Zagros Vision, 8 (3 ), 87-125. (In Persian)
3. Baba Oghli, F., Mousavi, M. S. & Soltani, A.R., (2019. The effect of social structure inefficiency on further destruction of physical components with a sustainable development approach in the dilapidated tissue of Tabriz (Case study: Qoshkhaneh, Ahmadabad, Malazinal and Khalilabad flood areas), Tourism Space Quarterly, 9 (33), 107-117. (In Persian)
4. Bouilloud, J. P., Pérezts, M., Viale, T., & Schaepelynck, V. (2019). “Beyond the Stable Image of Institutions: Using Institutional Analysis to Tackle Classic Questions in Institutional Theory”. Organization Studies, 1(1), 22.
5. C. North, Douglas, (2018). Institutions, institutional change and economic performance. Translated by Mohammad Reza Moeini. Tehran: Documents and Publications Center of the Country Program and Budget Organization.
6. De Vries, J. (2015). Planning and Culture Unfolded: The Cases of Flanders and the Netherlands, European Planning Studies, 1-19..
7. Dadashpour, H., & Afaghpour, A., (2016). New epistemological and theoretical rationality governing the spatial organization of urban systems, Quarterly Journal of Humanities Studies in Humanities, 8 (2), 1-28. (In Persian)
8. Dargahi, M. M. & Razavian, M. T., (2016). Reducing the effects of transportation on the city's space organization by using TOD-based transportation development, New Attitudes in Human Geography, 9 (1), 19-28. (In Persian)
9. Dorostkar, E. & Wadaye Khairi, R. (2020). Analysis of the Regional Space Organization and Environmental Sustainability in the Space Formation System, Journal of Geographical Sciences (Applied Geography), 16 (32), 45-53. (In Persian)
10. Duivenvoorden, E., Hartmann, T., Brinkhuijsen, M., & Hesselmans, T. (2021). Managing public space–A blind spot of urban planning and design. Cities, 109, 103032.
11. Hodgson Geoffrey, M. (1 March 2006). "What Are Institutions?", JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ISSUES, Vol. XL, No. 1.
12. Hosseinzadeh, N., Estelaji, F., Amini, E., (2017). Management of physical spatial organization of urban structures by AHP method and fuzzy logic studied: District 17 of Tehran, Geography (Quarterly Journal of the Iranian Geographical Association) , 16 (59), 204-224. (In Persian)
13. Judy Gollar, P., and Sharifzadegan, M. H. (2018). Institutional Behavior of Planners in the Urban Planning Discourse of Tehran, Journal of Fine Arts - Architecture and Urban Planning, 23 (4), 5-14. (In Persian)
14. Karimi, A., Portaheri, M., & Ahmadi, H., (2018). Analysis of the Spatial Organization and the Limitation of the Urban System of Kurdistan Province and Presenting the Model of Urban System Development, Haft Hesar Environmental Studies, 6 (19), 3152. (In Persian)
15. Lalehpour, M., & Karbasi Forosh, P., (2017). Explaining Institutional-Managerial Reasons in the Formation of Informal Settlements in Iran, Quarterly Journal of Environmental Management, No. 36, 157-191. (In Persian)
16. Latifi, Gh., Feizi, Gh., & Bajlal, R., (2017). A Comparative Study of the Elements of the Spatial Organization of the Iranian City in the Safavid and Qajar Periods, Quarterly Journal of Greater Khorasan, 8 (26), 59-76. (In Persian)
17. Magni, P., (2013). "Strategic spatial planning’s role in guiding infrastructure delivery in a metropolitan municipality context: the Case of Johannesburg", Spatial Planning and Infrastructure 49th ISOCARP Congress, 2013.
18. Marans, R.W., (2015). Quality of urban life & environmental sustainability studies: Future - linkage opportunities Habitat International, Journal Elsevier, v. 45, p. 47-52.
19. Meyer, Heinz-Dieter & Rowan, Brian (2006). The New institutionalism ineducation. New York: state university of New York..
20. Motusali, M., & Nikonsbeti, A. (2011) Institutional Change, Quarterly Journal of Planning and Budget, 16 (3), 51-68. (In Persian)
21. Mokhberi, M., & Partovi, P., (2017). Analysis of Institutional Requirements for Realizing Communication Planning in Tehran, Quarterly Journal of Urban Management Studies, 9 (32), 53-67. (In Persian)
22. Mansoori, S., & Mohammadzadeh, Sh., (2017). Developments of Tabriz Space Organization from Early Islam to Qajar Period, Bagh-e Nazar, 14 (51), 21-32. (In Persian)
23. Misaghi, S. M. & Rouhani Ghadikolai, M. (2014). Principles of Spatial Organization of Urban Textures with Religious Elements (Case Study: Imamzadeh Abbas Sari and Imamzadeh Ismail Ghaemshahr), Quarterly Journal of Islamic Iranian Studies, No. 15, 87-97. (In Persian)
24. Nouri, Z., & Sobihieh, M. H. (2020). Institutional Challenges of Productivity in the Technical and Executive System of the Country, Quarterly Journal of Strategic and Macro Policies, 8 (2), 340-368. (In Persian)
25. Padash, H., Khodapnah, B., & Ebrahimzadeh, M. (2017). The Impact of Institutional Environment on Knowledge-Based Economics, Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, 17 (64), 171-198. (In Persian).
26. Rao, R. V. & Davim, J. P. (2008). "Decision-Making Framework Models for Material Selection Using a Combined Multiple Attribute Decision-Making Method", J. of Adv Manufacturing Technology, 35, 751–760.
27. Raven, R., Sengers, F., Spaeth, P., Xie, L., Cheshmehzangi, A., & de Jong, M. (2019). Urban experimentation and institutional arrangements. European Planning Studies, 27(2), 258-281.
28. Riyazi, S. A. (2014). The Role of Government in the Space Organization of the City: A Case Study of District 22 of Tehran, 2014, Quarterly Journal of the Iranian Association for Cultural Studies and Communication, 10 (35), 37-57. (In Persian).
29. Shakeri, M., Jafari Samimi, A., & Karimi Moghari, Z. (2015). The Relationship between Institutional Variables and Economic Growth: Introducing a New Institutional Index for the Middle East and North Africa Region, Quarterly Journal of Economic Growth and Development Research, 6 (21) , 93-106. (In Persian).
30. Sharifzadegan, M. H. & Malekpour Asl, B. (2015). Institutional Approach to Regional Endogenous Development Planning, Quarterly Journal of Planning and Budget, 20 (4), 155-184. (In Persian).
31. Scott, W.R. (2012). “The institutional environment of global project organizations”. Engineering Project Organization Journal, 2(1-2), 27-35.
32. Shih, H. Sh.; Shyur, H. J. & Lee, E. S. (2007). "An Extension of TOPSIS for Group Decision Making", Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 45, 801–813.
33. Stimson, R.J.; Stough, R.R. & Roberts, B.H. (2002). Regional Economic Development: Analysis and Planning Strategy, Berlin: Springer.
34. Todes, A., (2012). "Urban growth and strategic spatial planning in Johannesburg, South Africa", Cities 29: 158-165. [online]: www.elsevier.com/locate/cities.
35. Vitale, C., Meijerink, S., & Moccia, F. D. (2021). Urban flood resilience, a multi-level institutional analysis of planning practices in the Metropolitan City of Naples. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 1-23.
36. Zandmoghaddam, M. R. (2020). Strategic Urban Development of Plain Cities of Mazandaran Province Using Factor and Cluster Technique, Geography and Urban Planning Zagros Vision, 12 (43), 151-1