بررسی تاثیر المان های شهری منطبق بر هنر ایرانی_ اسلامی در جذب و رضایت گردشگر در شهر شیراز

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

مقاله 11، دوره 13، شماره 48، اردیبهشت 1401، صفحه 169-186   

نوع مقاله: مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jupm.2022.28299.3914

نویسندگان

سید محمد حسین کمانی^{* 1}؛ سحر سازگار²؛ مهرداد احمدی³

¹استادیار، گروه مدیریت، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

²دانشجو کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت دولتی گرایش پیشرفت و توسعه شهری و روستایی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران.

³استادیار گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت: 03 تیر 1400،  تاریخ بازنگری: 07 اسفند 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 08 اسفند 1400 

چکیده

تئوری‌های نوین بر ویژگی‌های المان‌های شهری و مکان‌های گردشگری تحت عناوین و دسته بندی‌های مختلف بعنوان پیشایندهای رضایت و جذب گردشگر تآکید دارند. بر همین اساس پژوهش حاضر در پی تبیین نقش المان‌های شهری منطبق بر هنر ایرانی - اسلامی در جذب و رضایت گردشگران شهر شیراز می‌باشد. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و بر مبنای ماهیت و روش توصیفی و از نوع همبستگی است. جامعه آماری کلیه گردشگران بومی، غیربومی ایرانی و خارجی را در بر می‌گیرد و نمونه مشتمل بر 384 نفر می‌باشد. روش جمع‌آوری داده‌ها پیمایش میدانی با استفاده از پرسشنامه است. برای آزمون فرضیه‌های تحقیق از ضریب همبستگی پیرسون و نرم افزار SPSS استفاده شده است و از آزمون ANOVA برای بررسی میزان رضایت از المان‌ها بر اساس نوع گردشگران استفاده شد. در نهایت برای بررسی مدل نهایی تحقیق، مدل معادلات ساختاری و نرم افزار AMOS مورد استفاده قرارگرفت. در یک فرآیند نظام‌مند 3 عامل که به عنوان عوامل مؤثر بر رضایت و جذب گردشگر تصور می‌شد (المان نمایشی، المان بیانی و المان عملکردی) در سه منطقه گردشگری شهر شیراز که دارای شاخصه‌های هنر ایرانی - اسلامی است، شامل ارگ کریم خان زند، آرامگاه حافظ و دروازه قرآن انتخاب گردیدند. نتایج حاصل از تحلیل این سه منطقه تاریخی و گردشگری حاکی از آن بود که المان‌های شهری در سه دسته نمایشی، بیانی و عملکردی بر رضایتمندی و جذب گردشگران بومی، غیربومی ایرانی و غیربومی غیرایرانی تأثیر مثبت و مستقیم داشتند. به ترتیب الما‌های نمایشی، بیانی و عملکردی بیشترین تأثیر را بر جذب و رضایت گردشگران داشتند و از آن میان گردشگران غیربومی خارجی بیشترین تأثیرپذیری را از المان‌های نمایشی داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

گردشگری شهری؛ المان شهری؛ هنر ایرانی_اسلامی؛ جذب گردشگر؛ رضایت گردشگر

عنوان مقاله [English]

examining the effect of urban elements in accordance with the iranian _ islamic art in the absorption and satisfaction of tourists in shiraz city

نویسندگان [English]

S. Mohammed Hussain Kamani¹؛ Sahar Sazgar²؛ Mehrdad Ahmadi³

¹Assistant Professor, at the Department of Managment, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

²M.S. Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran

³Assistant Professor at the Department of Managment, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

New theories emphasize the characteristics of urban elements and tourist places under different titles and categories as preconditions for tourist satisfaction and attraction. Accordingly, the present study seeks to explain the role of urban elements in the accordance with Iranian-Islamic art in attracting and satisfying tourists in Shiraz. This research is applied in terms of purpose and based of nature is descriptive and correlation. The statistical population includes all native, non-native and foreign tourists. The sample consists of 384 people. The method of data collection field survey using a questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient and SPSS software were used to test the research hypotheses and ANOVA test was used to check the satisfaction of the elements based on the type of tourists. Finally, to investigate the final model of the research, the structural equal model and AMOS software were used. In a systematic process, three factors that were considered as effective factors on tourist satisfaction and attraction (theatrical element, expressive element and functional element) in three tourist areas of Shiraz that have the characteristics of Iranian-Isslamic art, including Karim Khan Zand citadel, Hafez Tomb and The Gate of The Quran were selected. The results of the analysis of these three historical and touristic areas showed that urban elements in three categories of theatrical, expressive and functional had aposetive and direct effect on the satisfaction and attraction of native, non-native and non-native non -Iranian tourists. Theatrical, expressive and functional elements, respectively, had the greatest impact on attracting and satisfying tourists, and among them theatrical elements had a greatest impact on foreign non-native tourists.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Urban tourism, urban element, Iranian-Islamic art, tourist attraction, tourist satisfaction

مراجع

1. AdibiSadinezhad, F. (2016). A Structural Model for Sustainable Urban Elements, Information Technology Use, and Cultural Communications in Tourism Industry.International Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies. 2(4), 1465-1476.
2. Amiri Aghdaei, S.F., ShaemiBarzoki, A., & Ghaderi Samani, L. (2014).  Investigating the Effective Factors of Attracting Foreign Tourists (Case Study: Isfahan City). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences July, 4)7(,271-284.
3. Ashworth, G. (2012). Do We Understand Urban Tourism? Journal of Tourism &Hospitality, 1(4), 1-4.
4. Ayati, H, Khodakarami, F, Molae, k, Afaghpor, A. (2016). Investigating the effect of urban physical factors on the development of religious tourism (Case study; Shiraz Iranian Islamic City Studies Quarterly, 6(23), 43 -59.
5. Baker, K. A., & Crompton, J. L. (2000). Quality, satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Annals of Tourism Research, 27(3), 785-804.
6. Bazregar. M.R, (2017).Studying the Role of Urban Elements in Strengthening Physical Identity; Shiraz city, Research and Urban Planning, 8(30), 83-100.
7. Chebi, A,, ChaboOthmani, M,, & Ben Said, F. (2020). Market Segmentation in Urban Tourism: Exploring the Influence of Personal Factors on Tourists’ Perception. Journal of Tourism and Services. 20(11),74-108.
8. Farshidfar, R., & Pourkhiz, I. (2014). Architecture of Tourism and its Effect on Attract Tourism in Iran. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Development. 4(4), 67-72.
9. Hashemnejadsarajelo, M. (2018). The Effect of Designing Urban Elements Based on Urban Emblems and Culture in order to Develop the Urban Body, Journal of Science and Engineering Elites. 3(3), 84– 93.
10. Ivona, A. (2021). Sustainability of Rural Tourism and Promotion of Local Development, Sustainability.13, 54-88.
11. Jansen-Verbeke, M. (1986). Inner city tourism: resources, tourists and promoters. Annals of" Tourism Research 1986, 13(1), 79-100.
12. Karimian, H. (2011). Cultural Symbols in Urban Views: Demonstration of Meaning, Sense of Identity & Spiritual Relief, Human Geography Research Quarterly, 4(74), 119-132.
13. Karimimoshaver, M. (2013). Approaches and Methods in Urban Aesthetics, The Scientific Journal of NAZAR Research Center (Nrc) for Art, Architecture & Urbanism, 10(24), 63-72.
14. Karimzadeh, A., & Janpoulad, A. (2020). The Factors Affected on Urban Elements from Citizens Perspectives (Case Study: District one of Shiraz Municipality), Journal of Research and Urban Planning. 11(42), 83-94.
15. Karimzadeh, A., Shahriyari, S. K., & Ardeshiri, M. (2020). An Analysis of Urban Tourism in Recreating Historical Textures from the Perspective of Local Residents Using Factor Analysis (Case Study: Shiraz), ournal of Regional Planning, 97 (32).
16. Kataya, A. (2021). The Impact of Rural Tourism on the Development of Regional Communities, Journal of Eastern Europe Research in Business and Economics.13, 1-10.
17. KHosravi, M. (2020)., Polo &Naqsh-e Jahan: Redefining the Culture and Identity of Iranian- Islamic Architecture, Scientific Journal of Iranin Architecture & Urbanism,11(2), 253-273.
18. Lin, Jo-Hui, Fan, Daisy X.F, Tsaur, Sheng-Hshiung, Tsai,Yun-Ru. (2021). Tourists’ Cultural Competence: A Cosmopolitan Perspective among Asian Tourists: Tourism Management, 83(104207), 1-12.
19. Leiper, N. (1990). Tourist attraction systems. Annals of Tourism Research 17, 367–384.
20. Mayo, E., & Garvis, L. (1981). Psychology of Leisure Travel. Boston, CABI Publication.
21. Mateus, Ana Sofia. (2006). Outlet City Metzingan Urban Cultural Identity based on Consumption. A cultural Indentity based on Consumption 42nd ISoCaRP Congress.
22. Moscardo, G. (2015). Building Community Capacity for Tourism Development. Wallingford, CABI Publications.
23. Moztarzadeh, H., Stayeshgar, E., Nasr, T., & Taghipour, M. (2020). Defining the Conceptual Model of Forming the Business View with the Aim of Enhancing the Visual Comfort and Aesthetics in Urban Space. Quarterly of New Attitudes in Human Geography.12(3), 113-125.

24. Nowacki, M. (2013). The Determinants of Satisfaction of Tourist Attractions visitor. Active,Zdzisławy 11a, 61-054 Poznań, 144 pages.

1. Pezhvak, F., & Edalat, T. (2018). Investigating the Influencing Factors in the Conversion of Social Space to Element and Urban Symbol from the Perspective of Identity and Collective Memories in Shiraz. Journal of Urban Management. 15(49), 77-97.
2. Rajesh, R. (2013). Impact of Tourist PerceptionstDestination Image and Tourist Satisfaction on Destination Loyalty: A Conceptual Model, 11(3), 67-78.
3. Reisinger, Y., & Turner, L. W. (2003). Cross-Cultural Behaviour in Tourism: Concepts and Analysis. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.
4. Sarvar, H, Kashaniasl, A, Salahi, V, & Eslami, M. (2015).Examination of the Influence of Symbols and Urban Symbols in Tourism Development (Case Study of the City of Tabriz ( Journal of Tourism Planning and Development. 3(11), 118-140.
5. Sohrabi, S., & Allahyari, M. (2017). A study of the Application of Iranian Islamic Art in the Urban Environment. Research Conference Architecture and Urbanism Islamic History of Iran. Shiraz.
6. Sukiman, M.F., Omar, Sh., I,Muhibudin, M., Yussof, I., & Mohamed, B. (2013). Tourist Satisfaction as the Key to Destination Survival in Pahang. Social and Behavioral Sciences (91), 78 – 87.
7. Shakour, A., & Mousavi, S.S. (2018). Investigation the Role of Urban Signs with Emphasize on Space Identification (Case Study: Shahid Chamran Boulevard d YapangGharaviShiraz), Journal of Urban Research and Planning, 35, pp. 1-10.
8. Shakur, A., YapangGharavi, M., Feizi, S., & SalimiSobhan, M.R. (2021). Investigating the Effect of Perceived Authenticity, Destination Image and Memorable Experience on the Intention of ReVisiting of Tourists (Case study: Ardabil city).Geography and Development. 19(63), 199-225.
9. Torabi, Z, & Sima, Y. (2013). Urban Identity in the Entrance of City. International Journal of Architecture and Urban Development. 3(4), 47-54.
10. Yousefi, E., Rahmani, A., & Ghorbankhani, M. (2015). Evaluating the Role of Urban Elements on Promoting a Sense of Place in Urban Space (Case study: Hamadan), Haft Hesar: Journalof Environmental Studies, 3(10), 71-81.
11. Zeng, L., & Yi Man Li, R. (2021). Tourist Satisfaction, Willingness to Revisit and Recommend, and Mountain Kangyang Tourism Spots Sustainability: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach. Sustainability, 13(10620).

 

1.