بررسی میزان آب کاربردی در مزارع و باغات مجهز شده به کنتورهای هوشمند آب در دشت ارسنجان فارس

شاهرخ نیا, محمدعلی; اسلامی, امیر; جوکار, اکبر

doi:10.30495/wej.2021.26605.2280

انتقال سامانه مجلات به سامانه سند (سکوی نشر دانش)

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	بررسی میزان آب کاربردی در مزارع و باغات مجهز شده به کنتورهای هوشمند آب در دشت ارسنجان فارس
فصلنامه علمی مهندسی منابع آب
مقاله 2، دوره 15، شماره 53، مرداد 1401، صفحه 13-28 اصل مقاله (725.84 K)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/wej.2021.26605.2280
نویسندگان
محمدعلی شاهرخ نیا^* ¹؛ امیر اسلامی²؛ اکبر جوکار²
¹دانشیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران.
²استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت: 02 آذر 1399، تاریخ بازنگری: 19 خرداد 1400، تاریخ پذیرش: 10 شهریور 1400
چکیده
چکیده مقدمه: تحویل حجمی آب از طریق نصب کنتور بر روی چاه‌های کشاورزی، یکی از اقدامات مؤثر در جهت استفاده درست از آب و افزایش بهره‌وری آب است. چند سالی است که در دشت ارسنجان فارس، از کنتورهای هوشمند آب به‌منظور تحویل حجمی آب استفاده شده است. در این تحقیق به بررسی میزان مصرف آب و بهرهوری آب در تعدادی از مزارع و باغات این منطقه پرداخته شده است. روش: بدین منظور سه محصول گندم، گوجه فرنگی، و انار انتخاب و در هر محصول 12 مزرعه یا باغ انتخاب گردید. در طول یکسال دبی چاه، میزان محصول، میزان مصرف آب آبیاری از طریق کنتور هوشمند و مقدار واقعی مصرف آب اندازهگیری گردید. میزان بهرهوری آب آبیاری و بهرهوری آب کل محاسبه شد. تفاوت بین میزان آب کاربردی و سناریوهای مختلف نیاز آبی با استفاده از آزمون تی مقایسه گردید. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که میزان دبی و آب کاربردی به دست آمده از کنتورهای هوشمند بترتیب 25 و 21 درصد کمتر از مقادیر اندازهگیری شده واقعی با کنتور و فلوم بود که نشان از دقت پایین عملکرد کنتورهای هوشمند دارد. بهرهوری آب آبیاری در سه محصول گندم، گوجه فرنگی و انار بترتیب 93/0، 75/7 و 44/1 کیلوگرم بر مترمکعب بود. به طور میانگین میزان آب داده شده در مزارع و باغات مورد بررسی 43 درصد بیشتر از میزان آب مورد نیاز به روش پنمن مانتیث بود. نتیجه گیری: در نهایت پیشنهاد گردید به جهت بهبود عملکرد کنتورهای هوشمند، امر واسنجی این کنتورها با دقت بیشتری مدنظر قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
نیاز آبی؛ پنمن مانتیث؛ سند ملی آب
عنوان مقاله [English]
Evaluation of Applied Water in the Farms and Gardens Equipped with the Smart Water Meters in Arsenjan Plain, Fars province
نویسندگان [English]
Mohammad Ali Shahrokhnia¹؛ Amir Eslami²؛ Akbar Jokar²
¹Associate Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran.
²Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده [English]
Abstract Introduction: Volumetric delivery of water by installing smart water meters on the agricultural wells could be an effective action for proper use of water and increase the water productivity. In recent years, the smart water meters were used at Arsenjan plain in Fars province for volumetric water delivery. Methods: In this study, the applied water and the water productivity in some of the Arsenjan plain farms and gardens were evaluated. Twelve farms were selected for each of the three products; winter wheat, tomato and pomegranate. Well discharge, crop yield, volume of applied water was measured using smart meters. The actual values were also measured. The values of irrigation water productivity and total water productivity was calculated. The differences between applied water and some water requirement scenarios were compared using t-test. Findings: Results showed that the values of applied water and discharge in the smart meters were 21 and 25 percent less than the actual measured values, respectively. Therefore, the performance accuracy of the studied smart water meters was low. The average irrigation water productivity of wheat, tomato and pomegranate was 0.93, 7.75 and 1.44 kg/m3, respectively. The average applied water in the studied farms and gardens were 43 percent more than the required values estimated by Penman-Montieth method. Finally, it was suggested that in order to improve the performance of smart meters, the calibration of these meters should be considered more carefully.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Water requirement, Penman-Montieth, National Water Document

مراجع
1. Baum, M.C., Dukes, M.D., Haman, D.Z. 2015. Selection and use of water meters for irrigation water measurement. ABE18, IFAS Extension, University of Florida. 2. Bjorneberg, D.L. 2013. Irrigation methods. USDA Agricultural Research Service, Kimberly, ID, USA. 3. EDCFP. 2014. Investigating the status of water and electricity smart meters. Fars Province Electricity Distribution Company of Fars Province. No. 2094/5126. [In Persian] 4. Gupta, A.D., Pandey, P., Feijoo, A., Yaseen, Z.M., and Bokde, N.D. 2020. Smart water technology for efficient water resource management: a review. Energies, 13, 6268; doi:10.3390/en13236268. 5. Haghayeghi-Moghadam, S.A. 2014. The effect of installing smart meters in reducing water and energy consumption of agricultural wells. Technical report, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute. [In Persian] 6. Hanson, B.R., Schwankl, L.J., and Prichard, L. 2007. Measuring irrigation flows in a pipeline. University of California, Division of agriculture and natural resources, publication 8213. 7. Jahromi, H.N., Hamedani, M.J., Dolatabadi, S.F., Abbasi, P. 2014. Smart energy and water meter: a novel vision to groundwater monitoring and management. Procedia Engineering, 70, 877-881. 8. Mohammadi, B., Rezaei, A., and Sohail, H. 2013. Investigating the impact of using smart water and electricity meters on the energy consumption of agricultural customers. Second Sired Regional Conference, December 2013, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]. 9. Naseri, H.A. 2015. Analytical report on the performance of water and electricity smart meters installed in Darab and Arsanjan plains. Regional Water Company of Fars Province, Shiraz, Iran. [In Persian]. 10. Ouvrard, B., Préget, R., Reynaud, A., Tuffery, L. 2020. Nudging and subsidizing farmers to foster smart water meter adoption. hal-02958784. 11. Qobadpour, R., Eskandari, F., and Jalali, M. 2018. Farmers’ satisfaction from installing intelligent flowmeter on underground water wells (The case of Mahidasht county, Kermanshah Province). Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 32(1): 43-55. [In Persian]. 12. RSAC. 2016. Report on the implementation of the project of equipping electric wells in the country with smart water and electricity meters to deliver water volume to the users. Rahrwan Sepehr Andisheh Company, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian] 13. Rajabpour, H., Golzarnjad, M.R. and Ismaili, A. 2010. Smart meter of water and electricity, a solution for change in the amount of withdrawal from underground water. Proceedings of the first national conference to review the achievements of Iranian earth science researchers, 8-9 Khordad 89, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]. 14. Randall, T., and Koech, R. 2019. Smart water metering technology for water management in urban areas (analysing water consumption patterns to optimize water conservation). Water e-journal, online journal of the Australian Water Association, 4, 1, doi:10.21139/wej.2019.001. 15. RWCFP. 2016. Water resources database, Regional Water Company of Fars Province. Shiraz, Iran. [In Persian]. 16. Richardson, W.B., Boethel, D.J., and Coreil, P.D. 2008. Irrigation flow measurement. Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Pub. #3082. 17. Sheffield, R.E., Henry, C.G., Bankston, D., Hadden, W.A. 2013. Measuring irrigation flow. Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Pub. 3241-L. 18. Sood, R., Kaur, M., and Lenka, H. 2013. Design and development of automatic water flow meter. International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications, 3(3), 49-59. 19. Styles, S. and Groundwater, L. 2012. Implementation of magnetic meter for irrigation volumetric measurement. ITRC paper No. P 12-006, presented at World Environmental and Water Resources Congress, May 20-24, 2012, Albuquerque, NM. 20. Tsay R.S. 2005. Analysis of financial time series, John Wiley & Sons. 21. van Zyl., J. 2011. Introduction to integrated water meter management. Edition 1, Water Research Commission, Republic of South America. 22. Wahl, T.L. and Magallanez, H. 2014. Low-cost pipeline flow meter. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Water Resources Research Laboratory, Denver, Colorado. 23. Yazdani, M. 2013. investigating the effect of using smart water and electricity meters on improving the hydrograph of the underground water level in Esfarain Plain. 7th National Congress of Civil Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan, Iran. [In Persian].
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بررسی میزان آب کاربردی در مزارع و باغات مجهز شده به کنتورهای هوشمند آب در دشت ارسنجان فارس

1. Baum, M.C., Dukes, M.D., Haman, D.Z. 2015. Selection and use of water meters for irrigation water measurement. ABE18, IFAS Extension, University of Florida.

2. Bjorneberg, D.L. 2013. Irrigation methods. USDA Agricultural Research Service, Kimberly, ID, USA.

3. EDCFP. 2014. Investigating the status of water and electricity smart meters. Fars Province Electricity Distribution Company of Fars Province. No. 2094/5126. [In Persian]

4. Gupta, A.D., Pandey, P., Feijoo, A., Yaseen, Z.M., and Bokde, N.D. 2020. Smart water technology for efficient water resource management: a review. Energies, 13, 6268; doi:10.3390/en13236268.

5. Haghayeghi-Moghadam, S.A. 2014. The effect of installing smart meters in reducing water and energy consumption of agricultural wells. Technical report, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute. [In Persian]

6. Hanson, B.R., Schwankl, L.J., and Prichard, L. 2007. Measuring irrigation flows in a pipeline. University of California, Division of agriculture and natural resources, publication 8213.

7. Jahromi, H.N., Hamedani, M.J., Dolatabadi, S.F., Abbasi, P. 2014. Smart energy and water meter: a novel vision to groundwater monitoring and management. Procedia Engineering, 70, 877-881.

8. Mohammadi, B., Rezaei, A., and Sohail, H. 2013. Investigating the impact of using smart water and electricity meters on the energy consumption of agricultural customers. Second Sired Regional Conference, December 2013, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian].

9. Naseri, H.A. 2015. Analytical report on the performance of water and electricity smart meters installed in Darab and Arsanjan plains. Regional Water Company of Fars Province, Shiraz, Iran. [In Persian].

10. Ouvrard, B., Préget, R., Reynaud, A., Tuffery, L. 2020. Nudging and subsidizing farmers to foster smart water meter adoption. hal-02958784.

11. Qobadpour, R., Eskandari, F., and Jalali, M. 2018. Farmers’ satisfaction from installing intelligent flowmeter on underground water wells (The case of Mahidasht county, Kermanshah Province). Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development, 32(1): 43-55. [In Persian].

12. RSAC. 2016. Report on the implementation of the project of equipping electric wells in the country with smart water and electricity meters to deliver water volume to the users. Rahrwan Sepehr Andisheh Company, Tehran, Iran. [In Persian]

14. Randall, T., and Koech, R. 2019. Smart water metering technology for water management in urban areas (analysing water consumption patterns to optimize water conservation). Water e-journal, online journal of the Australian Water Association, 4, 1, doi:10.21139/wej.2019.001.

15. RWCFP. 2016. Water resources database, Regional Water Company of Fars Province. Shiraz, Iran. [In Persian].

16. Richardson, W.B., Boethel, D.J., and Coreil, P.D. 2008. Irrigation flow measurement. Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Pub. #3082.

17. Sheffield, R.E., Henry, C.G., Bankston, D., Hadden, W.A. 2013. Measuring irrigation flow. Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Pub. 3241-L.

18. Sood, R., Kaur, M., and Lenka, H. 2013. Design and development of automatic water flow meter. International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications, 3(3), 49-59.

19. Styles, S. and Groundwater, L. 2012. Implementation of magnetic meter for irrigation volumetric measurement. ITRC paper No. P 12-006, presented at World Environmental and Water Resources Congress, May 20-24, 2012, Albuquerque, NM.

20. Tsay R.S. 2005. Analysis of financial time series, John Wiley & Sons.

21. van Zyl., J. 2011. Introduction to integrated water meter management. Edition 1, Water Research Commission, Republic of South America.

22. Wahl, T.L. and Magallanez, H. 2014. Low-cost pipeline flow meter. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Water Resources Research Laboratory, Denver, Colorado.

23. Yazdani, M. 2013. investigating the effect of using smart water and electricity meters on improving the hydrograph of the underground water level in Esfarain Plain. 7th National Congress of Civil Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Zahedan, Iran. [In Persian].