مرور نظام‌مند مقالات منتشر شده با موضوع «طراحی محیطی برای کاهش جُرم» در فضاهای ‏شهری ایـران (1398ـ 1378)‏

فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

مقاله 10، دوره 12، شماره 46، مرداد 1401، صفحه 144-163   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jzpm.2022.5385

نویسنده

علیرضا محمدی^*

استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 23 خرداد 1399،  تاریخ بازنگری: 22 آبان 1399،  تاریخ پذیرش: 30 آبان 1399 

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش مرور نظام‌مند مقالات فارسی منتشر شده در نشریات علمی - پژوهشی فارسی با موضوع طراحی محیطی برای پیشگیری ‏از جُرم (سپتد ‏) است. در این پژوهش که از نوع مقطعی و اسنادی است، مقالات منتشر شده طی 20 سال اخیر (98-‏1378) با استفاده از ‏چک لیست استاندارد جی. بی. آی ‎ ‎غربال شده است. در نهایت با استفاده از 8 معیار جی. بی. آی. ، تعداد 38 مقاله انتخاب و در تحلیل نهایی ‏وارد شده‌اند. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند بیش از 80 درصد مقالات «سپتد» از سال 1390 به این سو، منتشر شده‌اند. واحدهای دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ‏با انتشار 8 مقاله (21.05 درصد) و نشریه‌های مدیریت شهری و پژوهشنامة نظم و امنیت انتظامی هر کدام با انتشار 3 مقاله (7.87 درصد)، ‏بیشترین سهم را در انتشار مقالات با موضوع «سپتد» داشته‌اند. از بین مقالات منتشر شده، 45.73 با استفاده از روش اسنادی تهیه شده‌اند. در ‏‏44.73 درصد از مقالات، شهر به عنوان محدوده مطالعاتی انتخاب شده است. رشته‌های جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری با انتشار 13 مقاله (34.21 ‏درصد)، معماری با 11 مقاله (28.95 درصد) و شهرسازی با 7 مقاله (18.42 درصد)، بیشترین سهم را در تولید مقالات داشته‌اند. یافته‌ها نشان ‏می‌دهند که دستة اول از مطالعات (اسنادی)، به معرفی و تشریح «سپتد» پرداخته‌اند. دستة دوم مقالات (پیمایشی) تلاش کرده‌اند از «سپتد» برای ‏اندازه‌گیری میزان امنیت فضاهای شهری استفاده کنند و دستة سوم تلاش کرده‌اند آن را به عنوان یک راهنمای استاندارد شهرسازی تجویز ‏کنند. نتیجه این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد، اغلب مقالات به تکرار، به معرفی «سپتد» ، اصول و نظریه‌های پیرامونِ آن پرداخته‌اند و نظریه‌پردازی ‏مستقل و بومی انجام نشده است. مطالعات آتی می‌توانند به بسط نظریه‌های بومی شهرسازی برای برای کاربست این موضوع در حوزة ‏شهرسازی ایران، متمرکز شوند. ‏

کلیدواژه‌ها

مقالات علمی ـ پژوهشی؛ طراحی محیطی برای کاهش جُرم؛ شهرهای ایران؛ مرور نظام‌مند‏

عنوان مقاله [English]

Systematic review of published articles on "Crime Prevention through ‎Environmental Design" in Urban Spaces of Iran (1999 - 2020)‎

نویسندگان [English]

Alireza Mohammadi

Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to systematically review the Persian papers published in the Persian ‎scientific-research journals on the topic of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design ‎‎(CPTED). In this cross-sectional and documentary study, articles published over the last 20 ‎years (1999-2020) have been screened using the standard checklist of The Joanna Briggs ‎Institute (JBI). Finally, using 8 JBI criteria, 38 articles were selected and included in the final ‎analysis. The findings show that more than %80 of CPTED articles have been published since ‎‎2011. Islamic Azad University units with the publication of 8 articles (%21.05) and Urban ‎Management and Law Enforcement Affairs Journals with the publication of 3 articles (%7.87) ‎had the highest share in the article’s publication on "CPTED". Of the all published articles, ‎‎45/73 were prepared by documentary method. In %44.73 of the articles, the city was selected as ‎the study area. Geography and urban planning had the highest share in article production with ‎‎13 articles (%34.21), architecture with 11 articles (%28.95) and urban planning with 7 articles ‎‎(%18.42). The findings indicate that the first set of (documentary) studies have introduced and ‎described "CPTED". Second-hand articles (surveys) have attempted to use "CPTED" to measure ‎the security of urban spaces, and a third has attempted to prescribe it as a standard urban ‎planning guide. The results of this study show that most articles have repeatedly introduced ‎CPTED, its principles and theories surrounding it, and indigenous and independent theorizing ‎has not been conducted. Future studies can focus on expanding indigenous theories of urban ‎planning to apply this theme in the field of urban planning in Iran. ‎‏ ‏

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Scientific-research articles, Crime Prevention through Environmental Design, Iranian cities, ‎systematic review.‎

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