تحلیل عوامل مؤثر بر رضایت گردشگران از فضای گردشگری استان کردستان

فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

مقاله 4، دوره 12، شماره 48، دی 1401، صفحه 45-60   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jzpm.2021.25160.3668

نویسندگان

علی موحد¹؛ پریسا الله وردی^{* 2}؛ مسلم قاسمی³

¹دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی گردشگری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

²دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد رشته جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی گردشگری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

³استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی گردشگری، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت: 24 خرداد 1399،  تاریخ بازنگری: 19 اردیبهشت 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 21 اردیبهشت 1400 

چکیده

یکی از عوامل اساسی در توسعه گردشگری در هر منطقه‌ای، کسب رضایت گردشگران است. با توجه به تعدد نیاز های گردشگران به‌عنوان عوامل جذب و توسعه گردشگری، توسعه این بخش مستلزم شناخت این نیازمندی‌ ها و تأمین آن از سوی مقصد است. لازمه کسب رضایت گردشگران سنجش میزان رضایت آنان و شناخت ابعاد و عوامل اثرگذار بر آن است. بر این اساس در پژوهش حاضر به بررسی میزان رضایت گردشگران از استان کردستان و عوامل مؤثر در آن پرداخته‌شده است. تحقیق حاضر از نوع توصیفی – تحلیلی بوده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق شامل کلیه گردشگرانی بودند که فصل تحقیق در سال 1397 از استان کردستان دیدن کرده‌اند که درنهایت با بهره‌گیری از فرمول کوکران، حجم نمونه 160 پرسشنامه تعیین شد. روش جمع‌آوری داده‌ها کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی بوده است. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهد میزان رضایت مردان بیشتر از گروه زنان است و میان سن و تحصیلات گردشگران و رضایت آنان تفاوت معناداری وجود نداشته است؛ اما وضعیت شغلی و اقتصادی گردشگران و میزان رضایت آنان رابطه معناداری وجود دارد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که مهم‌ترین انگیزه در سفر به این استان بازدید از جاذبه‌های اکوتوریستی است. باوجودی که جاذبه ‌های گردشگری استان توانسته رضایت گردشگران را به دست آورد؛ اما به دلیل ضعف در خدمات و امکانات رفاهی، رضایت گردشگران در سطح پایینی قرار دارد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می دهد که مهمترین انگیزه در سفر به این استان بازدید از جاذبه‌های اکوتوریستی است. مهمترین عامل ورود گردشگران به این استان به دلیل وجود اقلیم مناسب آن بوده است. کسانی که درگذشته به این استان مسافرت کرده‌اند برای سفرهای بعدی نیز راغب بوده‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رضایت گردشگران؛ وفاداری؛ خدمات گردشگری؛ استان کردستان

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the factors affecting the satisfaction of tourists with the tourism environment of Kurdistan province

نویسندگان [English]

Ali Movahed¹؛ Parisa Allahverdi²؛ Moslem GHasemi³

¹Associate Professor, Department of Geography and Tourism Planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.

²Master student of Geography and Tourism Planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.

³Assistanet Professor, Department of Geography and Tourism Planning, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.

چکیده [English]

One of the main factors in the development of tourism in any region is the satisfaction of tourists. Given the multiplicity of tourist needs as factors in attracting and developing tourism, the development of this sector requires the recognition of these needs and their provision by the destination. Acquiring the satisfaction of tourists requires measuring their satisfaction and recognizing the dimensions and factors affecting it. Accordingly, in the present study, the satisfaction of tourists from Kurdistan province and the factors influencing it have been studied. The present study was descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study included all tourists who visited Kurdistan province in the research season in 1397, and finally, using the Cochran's formula, the sample size of 160 questionnaires was determined. The data collection method was library and field. Findings show that men are more satisfied than women and there is no significant difference between the age and education of tourists and their satisfaction; But there is a significant relationship between the job and economic status of tourists and their satisfaction. Research shows that the most important motivation for traveling to this province is to visit ecotourism attractions. Although the province's tourist attractions have been able to satisfy tourists; However, due to the weakness in services and amenities, the satisfaction of tourists is low. Research shows that the most important motivation for traveling to this province is to visit ecotourism attractions. The most important reason for tourists to enter this province is due to its suitable climate. Those who have traveled to the province in the past have also been interested in future trips.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Tourist Satisfaction, Loyalty, Tourism Services, Kurdistan Province

مراجع

• A satisfaction with the cultural heritage of Sheikh Safi al-Din, Quarterly Journal of Tourism Management Studies, Volume 12, N. 3, pp. 95-114.
• Amin Bidokhti, A., Jafari, S. (2014), The relationship between social belonging and social participation with the development of sustainable tourism, Quarterly Journal of Tourism Management, Volume 8, N. 26, pp. 1-23.
• Amir Azadi, T., Vali Shariat Panahi, M. (2010), A Study of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of Tourism in Shemiranat County, Human Geography Quarterly, Second Year, Fourth Issue, pp. 167-185.
• Baqaei, S., Dadkhah, H. (2009), A Study of the Relationship between Sustainable Competitive Advantage Factors and Tourist Satisfaction and Loyalty: A Case Study of Golestan Province, Quarterly Journal of Rural Research, Volume 10, N. 3, PP. 473-478.
• Bowitz, E., Karin, I. (2009), Economic impacts of cultural heritage e Research and perspectives, Journal of Cultural Heritage 10, pp. 1-8.
• Cam, T. (2011), Explaining tourist’s satisfaction and intention to revisit NHA trang, Vietnam, Master thesis in in Fisheries and Aquaculture Management and Economics, pp. 1-78.
• Chen, C.-F.y Chen, F.-S. (2010), Experience Quality, Perceived Value, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions for Heritage Tourists Tourism Management, N. 31 (1), PP.29‐. 35.
• Chi, G. (2005), “A study of developing destination loyalty model”, Doctoral Dissertation, Oklahoma State University.
• Correia, A., & Kozak, M., & Ferradeira, J. (2013), From tourist motivations to tourist satisfaction. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, N. 7(4), PP. 411-424.
• Ebrahim pour, H. (2011), Factors Affecting Tourist Satisfaction and Loyalty in Ardabil Province (Case Study: Sarein Tourism Area), Journal of Tourism Studies, No. 14, pp. 69-72.
• Ebrahimzadeh, I., Daraei, M. (2015), An Analysis of the Status of Tourism Facilities and Facilities in Semnan from the Perspective of Tourists, Quarterly Journal of Research and Planning, No. 22, pp. 43-60.
• Einali, J., Elahi Chorn, MA. (2019), Explaining the Factors Affecting Tourists' Satisfaction with Rural Tourism Space, Case Study: (Mazandaran Province), Tourism Space Quarterly, Volume 8, N.30, PP. 47-64.
• Etlalaji, A., Khoshnit Bayati, M. (2012), Recognizing the capabilities of tourism and presenting optimal models of tourism development from the perspective of applied geography (Case study: Shahreri), Journal of Geography, Vol. 10, No. 34, pp. 251-275.
• Fani, Z. (2012) Measuring the level of tourists' satisfaction in Gorgan, Tourism Management Quarterly, Volume 7, N. 20.
• Farahani, B., Bahari, J., Bahari, Sh., Bazleh, M., (2018), A Study of Factors Affecting Loyalty of Tourists to Tourism Destinations, Case Study of Tabriz, Quarterly Journal of Geography and Planning, Volume 24, N. 64, PP.18-33.
• Foster, D. & Truong, Thuy-Huong (2005), Using HOLSAT to evaluate tourist satisfaction at destination: The case of Australian holidaymakers in Vietnam, ELSEVIER.
• Ghorbanzadeh, D., Saeidnia, H., Rah-e Hagh, A. (2020), Investigating the effect of experience quality on tourists' behavioral tendencies in visiting dark tourism destinations, Quarterly Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, Volume 9, N. 35, PP. 242 - 262.
• Giese, J. L., & Cote, J.A. (2000), Defining customer satisfaction, Academicy Marketing Science Vol. 11, PP. 1-30.
• Han, S. (2001), Cultural Heritage Management in South Korea, PHD Disertation, University of Minnesota.
• Haqiqi Nasab, M., Yazdani, H. (2014), A Study of Factors Affecting Foreign Tourists' Satisfaction and Its Results in Isfahan, Business Management Quarterly, Volume 6, N. 4, PP. 731-753.
• Helena Pestana, M. & Parreira, A. & Moutinho, L. (2019), Motivations, emotions and satisfaction: The keys to a tourism destination choice. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, N. 32 (1), PP. 1 – 9.
• Hudson،، Hudson، P.، & Miller، G. A. (2004),The measurement of service quality in the tour operating sector: A methodological comparison. Journal of travel Research، N. 42(3), PP. 305-312.
• Kanoknon, S. (2009), Tourist motivation to use homestays in Thailand and their satisfaction based on the destination's cultural and heritage based attribute. Dissertations, Academic University of MissouriColumbia. Prebensen, N.K & College, F. (2003).
• Karroubi, M., Bahari, J., Mohammadi, S. (2018), Analysis of the effect of effective factors on tourist satisfaction, Case study of Azerbaijan Museum, Tabriz, Geography and Human Relations, Volume 1, N. 1, PP. 413 – 432.
• Kim, J. H. Ritchie, J. R. B, & McCormick, B. (2010), Development of a Scale to Measure Memorable Tourism Experiences, Journal of Travel Research 12–25.
• Matani, M., Dadashi Selo Kalaei, E. (2017), Assessing the level of tourists' satisfaction with the performance of tourism services and identifying areas for improvement and development of services in coastal cities of Mazandaran province, Jurnal Geography, Volume 7, N. 2, PP. 151 – 162.
• Movahed A., GhAseMi M., GholAMAlifArd, N. (2020), An analysis of the culinary tourism experience between gender groups in Iran. Quaestiones Geographicae 39(1), Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Poznań, pp. 99–108.
• Movahed, A., Kohzadi, S. (2014), Ecotourism Development Strategies of Kurdistan Province Using SWOT and QSPM Model, Journal of Applied Research in Geographical Sciences, Volume 14, N. 32, pp. 181-204.
• Movahed, A., Kohzadi, S. (2010), Analysis of Factors Affecting Tourism Development in Kurdistan Province Using the SWOT Model, Journal of Urban Research and Planning, Volume 1, N. 2, pp. 85 – 102.
• Özdemir, N. (2009), the Relation between Cultural Economy and Cultural Industries with Cuitural Heritage Management, Millî Folklor, Yil 21, Sayi 84.
• Porfaraj, A., Sahebipour, M. (2013), Prioritizing Factors Affecting European Tourists' Evaluation of Isfahan World Heritage, Tourism Management Quarterly, Volume 8, N. 22, pp. 1-25.
• Prebensen, Nina. K. & Xie, J. (2017), Efficacy of co-creation and mastering on perceived value and satisfaction in tourists' consumption, Tourism Management, 60, pp.166-176.
• Qadiri, Mahmoud; Haj Esmaili, Fatemeh (2017), Measuring Satisfaction with Suburban Urban Tourism Facilities, Case of Ardakan Chekchak Region (Yazd Province), Journal of Geography and Planning, Volume 21, N. 61, PP. 299 – 318.
• Ramezani, Y., Aref, M., Shah Taghi, M. (2015), Customer Retention in the Medical Tourism Industry: Explaining the Relationships between Quality, Satisfaction, Trust and Reasonable Price, Health Image, Volume 11, N. 1, PP. 31 – 39.
• Ranjbarian, B., Zahedi, M. (2007), The effects of repeated travel to Isfahan on tourist satisfaction, Quarterly Journal of Geography and Regional Development, N. 9, PP. 65-78.
• Shah Hosseini, H. (2013), Recognizing the motives and factors affecting the satisfaction of nature lovers from traveling to Qeshm, Tourism Management Studies, Year 8, N. 24, PP. 145 – 182.
• Shir Khodaei, M. (2015), The effect of brand prominence on brand loyalty of tourism destination, Quarterly Journal of Tourism Studies, Volume 10, N. 23, pp. 111 – 129.
• Shohani, N., Nikosresht, M., Trudest, Z., Moghimi, M., (2016), Evaluation of tourists' satisfaction with tourism product, Case study: Ilam Province, Urban Tourism Quarterly, Volume 5, N. 4, PP. 87 – 104.
• Song, H., Veen, R. V., Li, G., & Chen, J. L. (2012), “The Hong Kong tourist satisfaction index”, Annals of Tourism Research, 39 (1): Pages PP. PP.459–479.
• Uysal, Muzaffer (2003), Satisfaction Components in Outdoor Recreation and Tourism Settings, e-Review of Tourism Research (eRTR), Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 2-29.
• Vosoughi, L., Dadvar Khani, F., Matiei Langroudi, H., Rahnamaei, M. (2011), Evaluation of Factors Affecting Satisfaction in Studied Winter Tourism: Two Winter Destinations of Shemshak and Darbandsar, Journal of Tourism Management Studies, Volume 6, N., 15, pp.1 – 28.
• Yazdanpanah, Massoud; Shokouhi, Mehdi (2019), The study of the effects of tourism on the satisfaction of local residents using the theory of bottom-up overflow; Case study: Kamrdogh region, Journal of Spatial Planning, Year 9, N. 2, pp. 23 – 38.
• H and Xiaoxiao.F. Cai. L.A and Lu. L. (2014), Destination Image and Tourist Loyalty: A Meta- Analysis. Tourism Management. Vol. 40. PP. 213-223.
• Ziaei, M. (2004), The Status of Manpower and Education in the Tourism Sector, Journal of Tourism Studies, No. 6, pp. 19-37