تبیین ظرفیت‌های گردشگری بومی بر توسعه معیشت در مناطق بیابانی (مطالعه موردی: شهر شهداد، شهرستان کرمان، استان کرمان)

فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

مقاله 14، دوره 12، شماره 47، آبان 1401، صفحه 223-242   

نوع مقاله: مقاله های برگرفته از پایان نامه

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jzpm.2022.5402

نویسندگان

بهنام نظری زاده¹؛ علی المدرسی^{* 2}؛ مصطفی خبازی³؛ سعیده مؤیدفر⁴

¹دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد یزد.

²استاد گروه سنجش از دور و GIS، واحد یزد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یزد، ایران.

³دانشیار ژئومورفولوژی،دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان. کرمان، ایران.

⁴دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه میبد، میبد، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 30 مرداد 1399،  تاریخ بازنگری: 15 فروردین 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 16 فروردین 1400 

چکیده

اکوسیستم‌های بیابانی به دلیل توان اکولوژیکی منحصربه‌فرد و قابلیت‌ها و ارزش‌های اقتصادی-اجتماعی، جاذبه‌ها و قابلیت‌های منحصربه‌فرد به یکی از کانون‌های گردشگری در طبیعت تبدیل شده است. گردشگری پدیده‌ای است که از گذشته‌های دور مورد توجه جوامع انسانی بوده و بر حسب نیازهای متفاوت اجتماعی و اقتصادی به پویایی خود ادامه داده است و رشد این صنعت در هر کشور، نیازمند راهبرد مناسب و برنامه‌ریزی مدیریتی موثر است. دشت لوت واقع در استان‌های کرمان (شهرستان کرمان، شهر شهداد)، خراسان جنوبی و سیستان و بلوچستان، از مقاصد گردشگری بیابانی محسوب می‌شود که از یک دهه پیش مورد توجه گردشگران و برنامه‌ریزان قرار گرفته است. مسئله این است که با توجه به رشد فعالیت‌های گردشگری، چالش‌هایی در ارتباط با بالا بردن کیفیت زندگی مردم و روند رشد آن به وسیله صنعت گردشگری در آینده این منطقه منحصربه‌فرد مطرح شده است. با توجه به هدف پژوهش که تبیین ظرفیت تاثیرات گردشگری بومی بر توسعه معیشت در شهر شهداد می‌باشد، جامعه آماری مورد ارزیابی ما سرپرستان خانوار ساکن در شهر شهداد هستند؛ روش گردآوری داده‌ها در این تحقیق شامل روش کتابخانه‌ای و روش پیمایش مقطعی است برای استخراج شاخص‌های مذکور از نرم‌افزار SPSS، تکنیک ویکور و مدل HOLSAT استفاده گردیده است از نتایج به‌ دست‌ آمده از جدول نهایی تکنیک ویکور مشخص شد که مؤلفه‌های اقتصادی شامل فرصت‌های شغلی به همه طبقات جامعه با امتیاز 0.820 به ‌عنوان مهم‌ترین مؤلفه تأثیرگذار در بالابردن کیفیت زندگی است و هم‌چنین نتایج حاصل از مدل HOLSAT نشان می‌دهد جز در بخش زیست‌محیطی که اکثریت عامل بازدارنده در بالابردن کیفیت زندگی مردم محلی می-باشد، در دیگر بخش‌ها مهم‌ترین امر برای بالابردن کیفیت زندگی ساکنین است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

گردشگری بومی؛ توسعه معیشت؛ مناطق بیابانی؛ دشت لوت؛ شهر شهداد

عنوان مقاله [English]

Explaining the capacities of local tourism on livelihood development in desert areas (Case study: Shahdad city, Kerman city, Kerman province)

نویسندگان [English]

behnam nazarizadeh¹؛ seyed ali Almodaresi²؛ mostafa khabazi³؛ Saeedeh Moayedfar⁴

¹PhD Student of Geomorphology and Urban Planning, Department, Human Sciences Faculty,Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd,Iran.

²Professor,GIS&RS Department,Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University,Yazd, Iran.

³Assocaite professor of geomorphology, Human Sciences Faculty, shahid bahonar university, kerman. Iran.

⁴Associate Professor of Geography Department, Human Sciences Faculty., Meybod University, Meybod,Iran.

چکیده [English]

Desert ecosystems have become one of the centers of tourism in nature due to their unique ecological potential and socio-economic capabilities and unique values and attractions. Tourism is a phenomenon that has long been considered by human societies and has continued to be dynamic according to different social and economic needs, and the growth of this industry in each country requires a proper strategy and effective management planning. Lut plain located in the provinces of Kerman (Kerman city, Shahdad city), South Khorasan and Sistan and Baluchestan, is one of the desert tourism destinations that has been considered by tourists and planners for a decade. The problem is that due to the growth of tourism activities, challenges have been raised in relation to improving the quality of life of the people and its growth trend by the tourism industry in the future of this unique region. According to the purpose of this study, which is to explain the capacity of the effects of local tourism on livelihood development in the city of Shahdad, our statistical population is the heads of households living in the city of Shahdad; Data collection method in this research includes library method and cross-sectional survey method. To extract the mentioned indicators, SPSS software, Vicker technique and HOLSAT model have been used. The results obtained from the final table of Vickor technique showed that the components Economics includes job opportunities for all classes of society with a score of 0.820 as the most important component in improving the quality of life and also the results of the HOLSAT model show that except in the environmental sector where the majority is a deterrent to improving the quality of life of local people. In other areas, it is the most important thing to improve the quality of life of residents.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Indigenous tourism, Livelihood development, Desert areas, Lut plain, Shahdad city

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