میزان اثر طرحها و برنامه های توسعه ملی و منطقه ای بر توسعه یکپارچه استان گیلان

فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

دوره 14، شماره 54، شهریور 1403، صفحه 47-62   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jzpm.2022.29453.4021

نویسندگان

مریم سجودی^{* 1}؛ کرامت اله زیاری²؛ احمد پوراحمد²؛ مجید یاسوری³

¹دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

²استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

³استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 04 آذر 1400،  تاریخ بازنگری: 02 شهریور 1401،  تاریخ پذیرش: 02 شهریور 1401 

چکیده

نگرش یکپارچه توسعه فضایی - منطقه ای بایستی با هم افزایی سطوح مختلف فضایی از یک سو و تعاملات و پیوند بخش های مختلف در چارچوبی سیستمی همراه گردد. لذا هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی میزان اثر طرحها و برنامه های توسعه ی ملی و منطقه ای بر توسعه یکپارچه استان گیلان بوده است. بدین منظور طی فرایندی سه مرحله ای (استفاده از شیوه های اسنادی و جمع آوری منابع و اسناد اولیه و ثانویه؛ بهره گیری از شیوه های تحلیل محتوا، گرندد تئوری و نهایتا بهره گیری از مصاحبه های انفرادی و مشارکت فعال و حداکثری کارشناسان در سطح ملی و منطقه ای و تکنیک دلفی) به رتبه بندی آسیبهای احصا شده طی مراحل سه گانه فوق و تحلیل نتایج حاصل از جداول رتبه بندی پرداخته شده است. نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان می دهد، فشارهای سیاسی جهت اجرای طرحها و پروژه های فاقد توجیهات اقتصادی و فنی (نیروهای ذینفوذ منطقه، ذیمدخلان و ذینفعان) با کسب میانگین 4.6 مهم ترین آسیب ملی اثر گذار بر توسعه یکپارچه استان و "مشارکت حداقلی نمایندگان مناطق آمایشی و کمتر توسعه یافته" با میانگین3.5 کم اهمیت ترین آسیب از نگاه کارشناسان ملی بوده است. همچنین در بین آسیبهای منطقه ای اثر گذار بر توسعه یکپارچه استان گیلان، آسیبهای "چالش مفهومی و سردرگمی و حرکات آزمون و خطایی در معرفی سطح منطقه" و "بی توجهى به روش هاى نوین توسعه منطقه اى و فراهم نشدن بسترهاى مناسب براى حکم رانی منطقه اى" با میانگین 5 مشترکا به عنوان مهم ترین و آسیب "تفوق دیرینه سنت برنامه ریزی و مدیریت بخشی و عمودی بر مدیریت منطقه ای، افقی، فرابخشی در سطح منطقه ای" با تفاضل بسیار و میانگین 1.7 کم اهمیت ترین آسیب از نگاه کارشناسان این سطح بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کلیدواژگان: طرح و برنامه؛ توسعه ملی و منطقه ای؛ توسعه یکپارچه استان گیلان

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of national and regional development plans and programs on the integrated development of Guilan province

نویسندگان [English]

maryam Sejodi¹؛ keramatollah ziari²؛ ahmad pour ahmad²؛ majid yasoori³

¹PhD, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

²Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

³Professor of Geomorphology and Urban Planning, University of Guilan , Guilan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract: The integrated approach of spatial-regional development should be accompanied by the synergy of different spatial levels on the one hand and the interactions and linkages of different sectors in a systemic framework. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of national and regional development plans and programs on the integrated development of Guilan province. For this purpose, through a three-step process (using documentary methods and collecting primary and secondary sources and documents; using content analysis methods, grounded theory and finally using individual interviews and active and maximum participation of experts at the national level). And regional and Delphi technique) to rank the damages calculated during the above three steps and analyze the results of the ranking tables. The results of the present study show that political pressures to implement plans and projects without economic and technical justifications (regional influential forces, stakeholders and stakeholders) with an average of 4.6, the most important national damage affecting the integrated development of the province and "minimal participation of regional representatives." "Less developed" with an average of 3.5 was the least significant damage in the eyes of national experts. Also, among the regional harms affecting the integrated development of Guilan province, the harms of "conceptual challenge and confusion and trial and error in introducing the level of the region" and "disregard for new methods of regional development and lack of appropriate grounds for sentencing" Regional management "with an average of 5 jointly as the most important and damage" The long-standing superiority of the tradition of planning and management and vertical management on regional, horizontal, cross-sectoral management at the regional level "with a high difference and an average of 1.7 least significant damage Experts have been at this level.
Extended Abstract
 
Introduction
The integrated approach of spatial-regional development should be accompanied by the synergy of different spatial levels and the interactions and connections of different parts in a systemic framework. Therefore, the aim of the current research was to investigate the effect of national and regional development plans and programs on the integrated development of Gilan province. Therefore, interweaving and multifaceted effects are the characteristics of development plans and programs at different levels; This feature vertically expresses the effects of upper level plans and programs on lower level plans and documents; which can be evaluated positively or negatively according to the type of impact and its covering goals. For this purpose, the main question of the current research was as follows:
To what extent is the effect and role of national and regional development plans and programs on the integrated development of Gilan province?
 
Methodology
The current research has aimed to address the effect of national and regional development plans and programs on the integrated development of Gilan province;In this research, a three-stage process (use of documentary methods and collection of primary and secondary sources and documents; use of content analysis and meta-analysis, and finally use of individual interviews and active participation of up to 20 experts using (from the snowball technique at the national and regional level) using the Delphi technique to rank the injuries counted during the above three stages and analyze the results of the ranking tables.
 
Results and Discussion
The qualitative results of the research show the different views and distance of national and provincial experts on the integrated development issues of the province and the closeness and higher homogeneity between the opinions of regional and provincial level experts. Also, the few results show that political pressures to implement plans and projects without economic and technical justifications (influential forces of the region, stakeholders and beneficiaries) with an average of 4.6 are the most important national damage affecting the integrated development of the province and "minimum participation of the representatives of the study areas" and less developed" with an average of 3.5 has been the least important damage from the eyes of national experts. Also, among the regional damages affecting the integrated development of Gilan province, the damages of "conceptual challenge and confusion and trial and error movements in the introduction of the regional level" and "neglect to the new methods of regional development and not providing suitable platforms for the governance of the region" A" with an average of 5 jointly as the most important and damage "the long-standing superiority of the tradition of planning and departmental and vertical management over regional, horizontal, trans-departmental management at the regional level" with a great difference and an average of 1.7 is the least important damage according to the experts of this level has been.
 
Conclusion
Based on the obtained results and the comparison of the opinions of the experts of the two mentioned levels, it can be said; The difference in the opinion of national experts regarding any damage can be absolutely realistic, and regarding the degree of impact of the damage on the integrated development of the province, the formation of a discrepancy in the opinion of national level experts and the demands of provincial experts is caused by such things as the higher nobility of provincial experts. to the current issues and restrictions in the province. Now, in the case of regional level experts, due to being closer to the provincial level and more elites of regional experts to provincial issues, the views and concerns of regional and provincial experts are more similar and homogenous.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Keywords: plan, national and regional development, integrated development of Guilan province

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