تحلیلی بر نقش حقوق شهروندی بر تاب‌آوری اجتماعی در مقابله با بیماری‌های واگیردار و Covid-19 در شهرهای ایران(مورد مطالعه: شهر نورآباد ممسنی)

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

مقاله 23، دوره 13، شماره 50، آذر 1401، صفحه 357-372   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jupm.2022.5528

نویسندگان

محمد رضا امیری فهلیانی^{* 1}؛ طاها آبین²

¹-------

²دانشگاه رشت

تاریخ دریافت: 11 مهر 1399،  تاریخ بازنگری: 20 اسفند 1399،  تاریخ پذیرش: 20 اسفند 1399 

چکیده

حقوق شهروندی حقوق اساسی غیرقابل انکاری است که برای زندگی بشر ضروری تلقی می‌شود. و یکی از عوامل مهم و تاثیرگذار در توسعه و رفاه اجتماع است و دلالت بر مجموعه‌ای از حقوق مدنی، سیاسی و اجتماعی دارد که افراد به سبب عضویت در یک دولت و ملت از آن برخوردار می‌شوند و توسط قانون از آن حقوق پاسداری و حمایت می‌گردد. در این مطالعه ما برانیم با رویکرد آینده‌پژوهی به شناسایی عوامل کلیدی موثر بر وضعیت آینده‌ی بیماری‌های واگیردار که برآمده از حقوق شهروندی در شهرهای ایران با مطالعه موردی شهر نورآباد است و همچنین سناریوپردازی بپردازیم. پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف کاربردی، از حیث روش‌پیمایشی در سطح اکتشافی و مبتنی بر رویکرد آینده‌پژوهی صورت گرفته‌است. مطالعه حاضر با عملیاتی‌کردن چارچوب تاب‌آوری که برآمده از حقوق شهروندی است، یک رویکرد جامع را برای بهینه‌سازی برنامه‌های مهار و سیاست‌های کاهش با استفاده از متغیرهای موثر در تاب‌آوری اجتماعی شهرهای ایران در مواجهه با بیماری‌های واگیردار و کووید 19 با نمونه موردی شهر نورآباد فارس با رویکرد آینده‌پژوهی ارائه می-دهد. در ابتدا، با استفاده از روش دلفی و با نظرسنجی از کارشناسان حوزه شهری و بهداشتی 32 متغیر اولیه اثرگذار مرتبط شناسایی شد. در ادامه با مشارکت 35 خبرۀ مسائل شهری، نتایج در محیط نرم‌افزار میک‌مک تحلیل شد. در میان این عوامل با استفاده از این نرم افزار 10 عامل به مثابه عوامل کلیدی انتخاب شدند و مبنای تدوین سناریوها قرار گرفتند.همچنین یافته‌های پژوهش حاکی از آن است از بین این متغیرها، کلی و غیرشفاف بودن حقوق شهروندی، نابرابری اجتماعی، کمبود پزشکان، ضعف وحدت، تورم، بالا بودن هزینه مسکن، ضعف سرزندگی، ضعف حمایت، فقر، اعتماد اجتماعی تاثیرگذارترین عوامل کلیدی حقوق شهروندی بر شیوع بیماری‌های واگیردار و کووید ـ 19 در شهرهای ایران با نمونه مورد مطالعه شهر نورآباد فارس می‌باشیم.

کلیدواژه‌ها

حقوق شهروندی؛ بیماری‌های واگیردار؛ آینده پژوهی؛ سناریوپردازی؛ شهر نورآباد ممسنی

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Analysis of the Role of Citizenship Rights on Social Inclusion in Combating Infectious Diseases and Covid-19 in Iranian Cities (Case Study: Noorabad Mamasani(

نویسندگان [English]

mohammad reza amiri fahlyiani¹؛ taha abin²

¹دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز

²rasht university

چکیده [English]

Citizenship is an undeniable fundamental right that is essential to human life. And is one of the most important and influential factors in the development and welfare of society and refers to a set of civil, political and social rights that individuals enjoy due to membership in a government and a nation and are protected by law and Is supported. In this study, we aim to identify the key factors affecting the future status of infectious diseases arising from citizenship rights in Iranian cities with a case study of the city of Noorabad, as well as scenario planning. The present study, in terms of applied purpose, has been conducted in terms of survey method at the exploratory level and based on the futures research approach. The present study, by implementing a resilience framework derived from citizenship rights, provides a comprehensive approach to optimizing containment programs and mitigation policies using variables affecting the social resilience of Iranian cities in the face of infectious diseases. Covid 19 presents a case study of the city of Noorabad, Fars with a futuristic approach. Initially, using the Delphi method and a survey of urban and health experts, 32 effective primary variables were identified. Then, with the participation of 35 experts on urban issues, the results were analyzed in Mick Mac software environment. Among these factors, 10 factors were selected as key factors using this software and were used as the basis for developing scenarios. Also, the research findings indicate that among these variables, general and non-transparent citizenship rights, social inequality, lack of physicians Weakness of unity, inflation, high cost of housing, poor vitality, poor support, poverty, social trust are the most important key factors of civil rights on the prevalence of infectious diseases and Covid-19 in Iranian cities with the case study of Noorabad, Fars.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Citizenship Rights, Infectious Diseases, Futurology, Scenario Planning, Noorabad Mamasani

مراجع

1. Alizadeh Aghdam, Mohammad Baqer, Abbaszadeh, Mohammad and Honarvar, Hossein, (2016), Sociological study of citizens' awareness of citizenship rights and its impact on environmental health style (case study; citizens of Tabriz), Quarterly Journal of Society Lifestyle Cognition, Second Year, No. 6 . [In Persian]
2. Amanpour, Saeed and Amiri Fahliani, Mohammad Reza (2015), An Analysis of the Confrontation of Immigrant Problems in Urban and Rural Communities (Case Study: Rural Immigrants in Nurabad, Fars), Local Development Quarterly, Volume 7, Number 2 . [In Persian]
3. Amiri Fahliani, Mohammad Reza, (2015), Application of Future Research Approach in Spatial Evaluation and Analysis of Dimensions and Components of Institutional Resilience in Metropolitan Areas (Case Study: Ahvaz Metropolis), PhD Thesis in Geography and Planning Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Supervisors; Dr. Saeed Amanpour and Dr. Saeed Maleki .[In Persian]
4. Behdin, Kobria, (2009), The Role of the NAJA in the Realization of Citizenship Law, Quarterly Journal of Law Enforcement and Security, NAJA Research Organization, Tehran. . [In Persian]
5. Berenschot, Ward, Hanani, Retna & Sambodho, Prio,(2018), Brokers and citizenship: access to health care in Indonesia, Citizenship Studies, VOL. 22, NO. 2, 129–144, https: //doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2018.1445493
6. Borasi G, Zardini M. 2012 Imperfect health: the medicalization of architecture. Montreal, Canada: Canadian Centre for Architecture.
7. Campbell M. 2012 Strange bedfellows: modernism and tuberculosis. In Imperfect health: the medicalization of architecture (eds G Borasi, M Zardini), pp. 133–151. Montreal, Canada: Canadian Centre for Architecture.
8. Hamlin C, Sheard S. 1998 Revolutions in public health: 1848, and 1998? Br. Med. J. 317, 587–591.(doi: 10.1136/bmj.317.7158.587)
9. Hashemi, Seyed Hamed, Pouraminzad, Saeedeh and Peyman Talab Direct, Babak, (2009), Citizenship Rights and Social Justice, Quarterly Journal of Management and Development Process, Twenty-second year No. 1 (71 consecutive, spring and summer).[In Persian]
10. Horby, Peter, Quang Thai, Pham, Hens, Niel, Thi Thu Yen,Nguyen,(2011), Social Contact Patterns in Vietnam and Implications for the Control of Infectious Diseases,: Cesar Munayco, Direccio´n General de Epidemiologı´a, Peru, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016965
11. Jafari, Anoosh & Batebi,(2015), Citizen and Citizenship Rights. Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Science, Science Journal (CSJ), Vol. 36, No: 3 Special Issue ISSN: 1300-1949
12. Kazemi, Davood(2015) Development of a conceptual framework for measuring the effective components of city resilience against crisis (earthquake), Case study of Tehran, PhD thesis, Tehran University of Science and Research . [In Persian]
13. Kawachi, I., Kennedy, B. P., & Glass, R. (1999). Social capital and self-rated health: A contextual analysis. American Journal of Public Health, 89, 1187-1193.
14. Kuebrt, Andreas & Stabler, Martin,(2020), Infectious Diseases as Socio‐Spatial Processes: The COVID‐19 Outbreak In Germany, Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, DOI: 10.1111/tesg.12429, Vol. 111, No. 3, pp. 482–496
15. Lee, E.K.O., Shen, C., and Tran, T.V.,(2009) ‘Coping with Hurricane Katrina, psychological stress and resilience among African Americans evacuees’, Journal of Black Psychology,
16. Lindahl, Johnna F & Grace, Delia,(2015), The consequences of human actions on risks for infectious diseases: a review, http: //dx.doi.org/10.3402/iee.v5.30048
17. Lucini, B. (2015), Disaster Resilience from a Sociological Perspective Exploring, Three Italian Earthquakes as Models for Disaster Resilience Planning, Vol. 25, No. 4.,
18. Maguire B.& P. C. Hagen. (2007), “disasters and communites: understanding social resilience”, The Australian journal of emergency management, VOL. 22, Pp. 16-20.
19. Massaro, Emanuele, Ganin, Alexander, Perra, Nicole, Linkov,Igor & Vespignani, Alessandro,(2017), Resilience management during large-scale epidemic outbreaks, SCIEntIfIC REPorts | 8: 1859 | DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19706-2
20. McMichael, A.J. (1993) Planetary Overload: Global Environmental Change and the Health of the Human Species. Cambridge University Press , Cambridge
21. Mohseni, Reza Ali (1389) »; Dimensions and analysis of citizenship rights; Strategies for the Education and Training of Citizenship Law ", Quarterly Journal of Political Studies, Third Year, No. 10, pp. 144.[In Persian]
22. Mohammadzadeh, Nahid, (2017), Women and Citizenship Rights, Quarterly Journal of Women's Rights Protection, Third Year, No. 10. . [In Persian]
23. Murphy M. 2015 In search of the water pump: architecture and cholera. Harvard Des. Mag. 40,148–
24. Rastegar, Khadijeh and Seydan, Fariba (2015), Assessing the Relationship between Citizenship Culture and Social Health of Tehran Citizens, National Studies Quarterly, Year 16, Issue 1. . [In Persian]
25. Rezaei, Mehdi and Balaei, Hamid, (2016), Security and Citizenship Rights, Priority or Delay, Afagh-e-Security Quarterly, Year 9, Issue 30. . [In Persian]
26. Qanun newspaper, (1397), social resilience in cities, seventh year, Monday, November 28^th. [In Persian]
27. Schrank S, Ekici D).2016) Healing spaces, modern architecture, and the body. Oxford, UK
28. Shahriari, Akbar (1396), Ambiguities and Legal Obstacles of Citizenship Law, Scientific-Legal Quarterly, Law of the Fourth Volume, pp. 130. . [In Persian]
29. Shiani, Maliheh, (2005), Poverty, Deprivation and Citizenship in Iran, Social Welfare Quarterly, No. 1. [In Persian]
30. World Urbanization prospects: the 2009 revision. March, 2010. http: //esa.un.org/unpd/wup/index. htm(accessed Nov 18, 2010).
31. Vahedian Beigi, Leila, (2016), The model of social resilience in the city (Case study: District 17 of Tehran), PhD thesis in Geography and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Supervisor [In Persian]
32. givingcompass.org/article/pandemics-are-also-an-urban-planning-problem/