واکاوی اثرات گردشگری و نقش آن در توسعه شهری مطالعه موردی: شهربجنورد

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

مقاله 4، دوره 14، شماره 52، اردیبهشت 1402، صفحه 57-70   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jupm.2021.27495.3815

نویسندگان

مرتضی رمضانی¹؛ مهدی وطن پرست^{* 2}؛ عزت الله مافی³

¹دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری،گروه جغرافیا، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران.

²استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری،گروه جغرافیا، واحد شیروان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیروان، ایران.

³دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری،گروه جغرافیا، واحد شیروان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیروان، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت: 12 اسفند 1399،  تاریخ بازنگری: 29 مرداد 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 01 شهریور 1400 

چکیده

چکیده
گردشگری، از فعالیت های مهم با پیامدهای اقتصادی، اجتماعی و محیطی در شهرهاست. سیاست توسعه گردشگری، رویکردی است که شهر با تاکید بر آن می تواند ضمن افزایش منافع آن، تاثیرات منفی را به حداقل کاهش دهد. این رویکرد در توسعه شهری نقش مهمی ایفا می کند و اثرات مختلفی را نیز دارد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش واکاوی اثرات گردشگری و نقش آن در توسعه شهر بجنورد است. تحقیق حاضر از نوع کاربردی بوده و روش آن نیز توصیفی- تحلیلی است. روایی محتوایی ابزار پژوهش با نظر متخصصان(20 نفر) و پایایی آن با استفاده از آزمون آلفای کرونباخ به میزان718/0 تایید شد. برای تحلیل داده ها، نرم افزارSPSS و AMOS مورد استفاده قرار گرفته است. جامعه آماری پژوهش را شهروندان شهر بجنورد به تعداد 233810 نفر تشکیل داده اند. حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران به تعداد 384 نفر محاسبه و بصورت تصادفی در سطح شهر بجنورد توزیع گردید. نتیجه معادلات ساختاری نشان می دهد با اطمینان 95درصد توسعه گردشگری بر توسعه شهری بجنورد تاثیرگذار بوده است. همچنین در بین متغیرهای تبیین کننده توسعه شهری، رشد خدمات فرهنگی با بار عاملی67/0 بیشترین همبستگی را با متغیر پنهان توسعه شهری داشته است. متغیر توسعه تسهیلات و خدمات زیربنایی و عمرانی با بار عاملی 66/0 در جایگاه دوم و متغیر بهبود معیشت ساکنین با بار عاملی 56/0 در رتبه سوم قرار گرفته است. متغیر افزایش خدمات عمومی با بارعاملی 52/0، کمترین میزان همبستگی با متغیر پنهان را داشته است؛ همچنین نتایج حاصل از مدل ساختاری بیانگر این است که گردشگری نقش مهمی در توسعه شهری بجنورد دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

گردشگری شهری؛ توسعه شهری؛ شهر بجنورد

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of tourism effects and its role in urban development Case study: Bojnourd city

نویسندگان [English]

morteza ramezani¹؛ mahdi Vatanparast²؛ ezzatolah mafi³

¹PhD student in Geography and Urban Planning, Department of Geography, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

²Assistant Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Department of Geography, Shirvan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran.

³Associate Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Department of Geography, Shirvan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Tourism is one of the important activities with economic, social and environmental consequences in cities. Tourism development policy is an approach that the city can emphasize by minimizing its negative effects while increasing its benefits. This approach plays an important role in urban development and has various effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of tourism and its role in the development of Bojnourd. The present research is applied and its method is descriptive-analytical. The content validity of the research instrument was confirmed by experts (20 people) and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test of 0.718. SPSS and AMOS software were used for data analysis. The statistical population of the study consists of 233810 citizens of Bojnourd. The sample size was calculated using Cochran's formula to 384 people and was randomly distributed in Bojnourd. The result of structural equations shows that 95% confidence in tourism development has affected the urban development of Bojnourd. Also, among the variables explaining urban development, the growth of cultural services with a factor load of 0.67 had the highest correlation with the hidden variable of urban development. The variable of development of infrastructure and construction facilities and services with a factor load of 0.66 is in the second place and the variable of improving the livelihood of residents with a factor load of 0.56 is in the third place. The variable of increasing public services with a factor load of 0.52 had the lowest correlation with the hidden variable; Also, the results of the structural model indicate that tourism has an important role in urban development of Bojnourd.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

urban tourism, urban development, Bojnourd city

مراجع

1. Ahmadzadeh, H. , Dadashpour Moghadam, M. , Hazrati, M. H. (2020). Urban Tourism Development Based on Urban Creativity Indicators (Case Study: Qazvin City), Tourism Research and Sustainable Development, 3 (2): pp: 15-26.
2. akbarian ronizi, S. , rastegar, E. (2019). The Analysis and prioritization of marketing mix components in the tourism development (Case study: Shiraz metropolis) , 10(38),pp: 25-38.
3. Akbariyanronizi, S. R. (2017). The Role of Tourism in Urban Sustainability Case: Sisakht City (Dena County), Journal of Urban Tourism, 4 (4), pp: 1-12.
4. Ashworth, G. , Page, S. J. ( 2011). Urban Tourism Research: Recent Progress and Current Paradoxes, Tourism Management, 32(1), pp: 1-15.
5. Bigmoradi, R. , rousta, A. , Doshmanziyari, E. (2021). Presenting a brand personality marketing model to increase customer loyalty in tourism destinations (Case study: Kish Island), 11(43),pp: 223-240.
6. Boley, B. B. , & McGehee, N. G. (2014). Measuring Empowerment: Developing and Valid Ating The Resident Empowerment Through Tourism Scale (RETS), Tourism Management, 45(2), pp: 85-94.
7. Chuang S. T. (2013). Residents’Attitudes Toward Rural Tourism in Taiwan: a Comparative Viewpoint, International Journal of Tourism Research, 15(2), pp: 152–170.
8. Dosti,F. , Zal, M. H. , Ramezanzadeh, M. (2019). Assessing the Capacities of Creative Tourism in Tabriz Metropolis,Journal of Urban Tourism, 6(2), pp: 1-13.
9. Entezari, M. , Aghaeipoor, Y. (2014). Evaluation ecotourism and geotourism potential of tourism Bisetoon by SWOT method. , 5(16),pp: 75-88.
10. Hacia, E. (2019). The role of tourism in the development of the city, Transportation Research Procedia, 39(2), pp: 104-111.
11. Hall, M. C & Williams, A. (2019)Tourism and Innoaation, London: Routledge press.
12. Hasanpour, M. , Ahmadi, Z. , Elyasi, H. (2010). Determining the capacity of tourism reception in the desert and desert regions of Iran: a case study of Shahdad Marnjab - Rig Port and Mesr – Farahzad, Journal of Tourism Studies, 14 (13), pp: 177-197.
13. Heydarisareban, V. , Majnonitotekhane, R. , Niromand, SH. (2016). Assessment and evaluation of the sustainability process in tourist villages Case study: Ajabshir city - Qaleh Chai tourist axis, Journal of Regional Planning (Geography), 6 (3), pp: 93-112.
14. Inkson, C & Minnaert, L. (2018). Tourism Management: in Introduction: Sage.
15. Jingjing Zeng, Yonglin Wen, Chao Bi, Richard Feiock. (2021). Effect of tourism development on urban air pollution in China: The moderating role of tourism infrastructure, Journal of Cleaner Production,280(1),pp: 45-58.
16. Martin, B. , Mason, S. (2006). The role of tourism in urban regeneration, Journal of Leisure Studies, 7(1),pp: 75-80.
17. Mclennan, C. -l. J. , Becken, S. , & Moyle, B. D. (2017). Framing in Acontested Space: Media Reporting on Tourism and Mining in Australla, Current Issues in Tourism, 20(9), pp: 960-980.
18. Mcnally, M. -A. , & Maroun, W. (2018). it is Not Always Bad News: Illustrating the PotentIal of Integrated Reporting Using A Case Study in The Eco-Tourism Industry. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 31(5), pp: 1319-1348.
19. Milenkovska, V. (2011). Contemporary Tendencies in The Tourism Opeaation. UTMS, Journal of Economics, 2(1), pp: 37-51.
20. Mofarhbonab ,M. , Majnoni, A. , Soleymani, A. R. , Aftab, A,(2018). Assessing and analyzing the status of sustainability in metropolises, a case study: the ten regions of Tabriz, Journal of Geographical Research, 33(1), pp: 140-157.
21. Mousavi, M. , Soltani, N. (2014). An Analysis of the Role of Religious Tourism in Urban Development (Case Study: Imamzadeh Jafar (AS) Yazd), Journal of Urban Research and Planning, 5 (18), pp: 77-94.
22. Movahed, A. (2014). Urban Tourism, First Edition, Ahvaz: Shahid Chamran University of Ahva.
23. Nasr, T. (2019). Identification of Key Factors Affecting on the Shiraz City Tourism with a Future Studies Approach. , 10(37),pp: 55-66.
24. Nunkoo, R. (2015). Tourism DeveloPment and Trust in Local Government. Tourism Management, 46(2), pp: 623-634.
25. Papadimitriou, D. , Kaplanidou, K. , & Apostolopoulou, A. (2018). Destination Image Components and Word –of –Mouth Intentions in Urban Tourism: a Multigroup Approach, Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(4), pp: 503-527.
26. Papoliyazi, M. H. , Saghaei, M. (2014). Tourism (Nature and Concepts), Tehran, Second Edition, Tehran: Organization for the Study and Compilation of University Humanities Books (Samt).
27. Peeters, L. W. , & Ateljevic, I. (2017). Women Empowerment Entrepreneurship Nexus in Tourism: Processes of Social Innovation Tourism and Entrepreneurship ,pp. 94-109.
28. Porahmad, A. , Yousefi, R. , Aliniya,Y. , Moradpour,N,(2015). Investigating the effects of urban tourism on sustainable development of the city with emphasis on residents' perception (Case study: Baneh city), Journal of Urban Tourism , 2 (3), pp: 253-273.
29. Qalibaf, M,B. , Shabanifard, M. (2011). Evaluation and prioritization of tourist attractions for urban tourism development based on multivariate decision models (Case study: Sanandaj city), Journal of Geographical Research , 26 (101), pp: 142-168.
30. Rahimi, M & Pazand, F. (2016). Model of Creative Urban Tourism in Iran Using Analytic Hierarchy Model, Journal of Initiative and Creativity in Humanities, 6 (3), pp: 97-124.
31. Redi, F & Fernandez, J. I. P. (2018). Describing Coopettion Among Destinations: Evidence From the Unwto Sllk Road Program ethics and Decision –Making for Sustainable Business Practices ,pp. 217-238.
32. sajadi, J. , Razavian, M. , heidari, J. , jamali, H. (2018). The Role of Urban Management in Sustainable Development of Coastal Tourism from the Perspective of the Host Society (Case Study of Bushehr City). , 9(33),pp: 1-16.
33. Selmikiyani, S. , Shateriyan, M & Ebrahimi, L. (2017). Evaluation of tourism development process based on destination life cycle model (case study: Boyer-Ahmad city), Journal of Tourism Space, 6 (22), pp: 43-60.
34. Shahabian, P. (2012). Analyzing The Roles and Impacts of Urban Tourism on Sustainable Urban Development; Focusing on Citizens Perception, Armanshahr Architecture & Urban Development, 4(7), pp: 121-132.
35. Shamsodini, A. , Amiri Fahliani, M. R. , Mohammadi, A. (2010). The Role of Tourism Industry in Sustainable Urban Development: A Case Study of Norabad-e-Mamasani, The First International Conference on Tourism Management and Sustainable Development, Marvdasht.
36. Thompson, J. , Baxter, I. W. , Curran, R. , Gannon, M. J. , Lochrie, S. , Taheri, B & Yalinay, O. (2018). Negotlation, Bargaining, and Discounts: Generating Womand Local Tourism Development at the Tabriz Bazzar, Journal of Iran Current Issues in Tourism, 21(11), pp: 1207-121

 

37.