آسیب شناسی نظام ارزیابی عملکرد مدیریت شهری تهران (مطالعه موردی شهرداری منطقه 17 تهران)

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

دوره 14، شماره 54، آذر 1402، صفحه 37-50   

نوع مقاله: مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jupm.2021.29299.4046

نویسندگان

فاطمه راشکی¹؛ رحیم سرور^{* 2}؛ مجید شمس³؛ علی توکلان⁴

¹دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی تهران،ایران.

²استاد .هیات علمی .واحد علوم و تحقیقات ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

³استاد، هیات علمی، واحد ملایر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ملایر، ایران

⁴استادیار .واحد علوم و تحقیقات .دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی .تهران.ایران.

تاریخ دریافت: 11 آبان 1400،  تاریخ بازنگری: 21 آذر 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 21 آذر 1400 

چکیده

قدم اول جهت بهبود مدیریت در یک سازمان با آسیب شناسی آغاز می گردد. آسیب شناسی باعث می شود تا بتوانیم موانع رشد و توسعه سازمان را شناسایی و جهت رفع آنها برنامه ریزی کنیم. پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ هدف کاربردی و از نظر روش انجام کار از نوع پیمایشی- توصیفی و هدف اصلی آن، آسیب شناسی نظام ارزیابی عملکرد در مدیریت شهری تهران می باشد. در راستای تحقق این هدف، ابتدا مبانی نظری وپیشینه پژوهش های مربوط به ارزیابی عملکرد شهرداری های کشور و قوانین و مقررات مربوطه مطالعه وآسیب های این نوع ارزیابی تعیین گردیدکه در 5 مولفه کلی تقسیم شدکه هر یک از مولفه ها شامل تعدادی گویه مختص به خود می باشد. سپس پرسشنامه ای که روایی آن توسط استادهای راهنما و پایایی آن با محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ 80 تاییدگردید، از طریق بکارگیری روش توصیفی و تحلیلی توسط 30 نفر از مدیران خبره شهرداری منطقه 17 تهران توزیع گردید . تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها وآزمون های مورد نیاز با استفاده از نرم افزار spss انجام شد ،که با استفاده از آزمون های مختلف از جمله آزمون تی- تست که نتایج با توجه به سطح معناداری حاکی از ارتباط بین متغیرها بوده، آزمون همبستگی که مقادیر به دست آمده نشان از همبستگی بالای متغیرها دارد و آزمون تحلیل حساسیت که تحلیل واریانس متغیرها در سطح معنی داری 00/0 از مقدار واقعی کمتر می باشد، نشان دهنده ی وابستگی متغیرهاست، سپس از تحلیل عاملی که روشی برای تقلیل تعداد زیادی از متغیرها به تعداد کمی از متغیرهای مفروض زیربنایی (عامل) است استفاده شد که نتایج تحقیق نشان داد آسیب های قانونی در نظام ارزیابی عملکرد مدیریت شهری تهران بیشترین سهم را در موضوع ایفا می کند و این عامل می تواند حدود 53 درصد از تغییرپذیری (واریانس) متغیرها را توضیح دهد و چهار گویه اول آسیب های قانونی هم این آسیب را تبیین می کنند. به شرح گویه اول حدود 34 درصد ،گویه دوم 18درصد،گویه سوم 15درصد و گویه چهارم 11 درصد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آسیب شناسی؛ ارزیابی عملکرد؛ مدیریت شهری؛ شهرداری تهران

عنوان مقاله [English]

Pathology of Tehran Urban Management Performance Evaluation System (Case Study: District 17 of Tehran Municipality)

نویسندگان [English]

fathemeh rashaki¹؛ rahim sarvar²؛ majid shams³؛ ali tavakolan⁴

¹phd student of geography and urban planning, Science and Research Branch. Ishamic azad university , Tehran,Iran.

²Professor, Faculty, Science and and Research Branch Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

³Professor, Faculty, Malayer Branch, Islamic Azad University.Iran.

⁴Assistant Professor, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University.Tehran.Iran.

چکیده [English]

Performance management is a regular process that helps managers to manage their employees well in the direction of achieving goals, implementing plans, successful and optimal execution of missions and assigned responsibilities.Therefore, in order to properly manage the performance of the evaluation system, it is essential In this regard, the pathology of the performance management system is one of the necessities of effective performance management and as a filter in order to correct the shortcomings of performance management.Organizational pathology is the process of using the concepts and methods of behavioral sciences to define and describe the current state of organizations and find ways to increase their effectiveness . In this regard, in order to guide the executive managers of Tehran municipalities, in order to implement development programs and urban services in Tehran, according to the schedule and with the desired quality, it seems necessary to develop a management system and evaluate the performance of Tehran municipalities. The first step in achieving this goal is to focus on explaining an effective framework for addressing the challenges and limitations associated with performance appraisal systems; and also provide operational strategies to compensate for the shortcomings of performance appraisal in order to achieve organizational goals. In fact, despite the fact that several units in Tehran Municipality have been involved in creating and promoting performance appraisal procedures; There are weaknesses and challenges that are especially related to organizational maturity in understanding the importance of the issue of efficient performance appraisal system. Undoubtedly, in all the presented models, the performance evaluation of Tehran Municipality has shortcomings that need to be considered, reviewed and corrected and their pathology can lead to continuous growth and improvement. Therefore, in this paper, the pathology of Tehran urban management performance evaluation model has been studied. In other words, the purpose of this pathology study is institutional, legal, managerial-executive, contextual, cultural and social, and based on this, to determine the effective indicators and components to improve the system, which results in complication, self-correction, cohesion and there is more integration between the performance of different levels throughout the system.
 
Extended Abstract
 
 
Introduction
 
Performance management is a regular process that helps managers to manage their employees well in the direction of achieving goals, implementing plans, successful and optimal execution of missions and assigned responsibilities.Therefore, in order to properly manage the performance of the evaluation system, it is essential In this regard, the pathology of the performance management system is one of the necessities of effective performance management and as a filter in order to correct the shortcomings of performance management.Organizational pathology is the process of using the concepts and methods of behavioral sciences to define and describe the current state of organizations and find ways to increase their effectiveness . In this regard, in order to guide the executive managers of Tehran municipalities, in order to implement development programs and urban services in Tehran, according to the schedule and with the desired quality, it seems necessary to develop a management system and evaluate the performance of Tehran municipalities. The first step in achieving this goal is to focus on explaining an effective framework for addressing the challenges and limitations associated with performance appraisal systems; and also provide operational strategies to compensate for the shortcomings of performance appraisal in order to achieve organizational goals. In fact, despite the fact that several units in Tehran Municipality have been involved in creating and promoting performance appraisal procedures; There are weaknesses and challenges that are especially related to organizational maturity in understanding the importance of the issue of efficient performance appraisal system. Undoubtedly, in all the presented models, the performance evaluation of Tehran Municipality has shortcomings that need to be considered, reviewed and corrected and their pathology can lead to continuous growth and improvement. Therefore, in this paper, the pathology of Tehran urban management performance evaluation model has been studied. In other words, the purpose of this pathology study is institutional, legal, managerial-executive, contextual, cultural and social, and based on this, to determine the effective indicators and components to improve the system, which results in complication, self-correction, cohesion and there is more integration between the performance of different levels throughout the system.
 
Methodology
This article is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. Data collection is based on quantitative and qualitative data. T-test and correlation and factor analysis were used to analyze the data. The statistical population of this study was 30 municipal experts in Tehran's 17th district. The method of selecting samples is purposeful and available. The validity of this research was based on the opinions of professors and experts in the field of research and Cronbach's test was used to assess the reliability of the questionnaire in this research, the value of which was 0.84 for the research variables.
Results and discussion
The effectiveness of urban management is characterized by dependence on underlying factors such as political stability, social cohesion, and economic prosperity, as well as other factors such as the skills and motivations of politicians and individuals who use these policies. In order to improve efficiency and increase performance, its performance appraisal is essential. Your field and receiving rewards are timely, it can also be said that the pathology of performance appraisal leads to the development of employees who can easily develop and grow their chosen job, and other benefits such as increased morale, commitment, competence and Have perseverance. The purpose of evaluation should be to measure the performance of the whole organization and not specific individuals or units to have separate positive results. In fact, the evaluation of organizational performance should be done with integrated objectives. The existence of various organizations in the process of evaluating the performance of urban management without proper coordination and responsible mechanism indicates the lack of integration of this important and accurate performance evaluation can analyze the reason for poor performance or factors affecting good performance in a particular field. The ultimate performance appraisal is efficiency, effectiveness, accountability, and public satisfaction. Performance appraisal is a small part of performance management that shows how important and important management is in this area. Studies show that fewer studies have been conducted in the field of pathology of municipal performance appraisal system and the most important of them is Shahidi study (1397) that the lack of coherence and integration, multiplicity and parallelism of current assessments, lack of coherent relationship between programs Has stated budget and evaluation as the most important harms of the evaluation system. Therefore, the aim of the present study is the pathology of Tehran's urban management performance evaluation system and this issue has been less considered in previous studies. The present research is descriptive-analytical in nature and applied in terms of purpose. For a detailed study of the subject according to the knowledge of the management structure of District 17 was selected as a case study. Data were purposefully selected and collected through a questionnaire with expert managers of District 17 of Tehran Municipality.
 
Conclusion
The pathology of the management system in the present study was performed with the components of legal, executive, social and cultural, contextual and institutional damages. The results of correlation analysis and factor analysis of the research show that among these, the damage component of the management evaluation system, legal damages have the greatest share in explaining the issue. So that in factor analysis, legal components account for about 53% of the variability (variance) of variables and even the first four items of legal damages explain this damage; Also, the results of Pearson correlation coefficient show that among all the studied components, the legal component has the highest correlation with the institutional component (r = 0.611) and between the executive component with the underlying components (r = 0.555) and the institutional component (r / 0.532). 0 = r) has a significant relationship. Among the components, the social component has no significant relationship with other components. Therefore, it can be said that performance appraisal at the individual level and maximum intra-departmental (unit) at the level of departments and organizations is referred to as a legal damage (vacuum).
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

pathology, performance evaluation, urban management, Tehran Municipality

مراجع

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