بررسی هیدروژئوشیمیایی آب زیرزمینی دشت میاندوآب

فصلنامه علمی مهندسی منابع آب

مقاله 1، دوره 16، شماره 57، مرداد 1402، صفحه 1-18   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/wej.2023.5829

نویسندگان

پریسا پاشاخواه¹؛ حسین بابازاده^{* 2}؛ شهرام شاه محمدی کلالق³؛ مهدی سرائی تبریزی⁴

¹دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

²استاد، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

³دانشیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

⁴استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 15 آذر 1400،  تاریخ بازنگری: 19 بهمن 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 20 اسفند 1400 

چکیده

چکیده
مقدمه: درک تغییرات مکانی و زمانی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی یک جنبه مهم برای اعمال مدیریت بهینه منابع آب زیرزمینی است. در تحقیق حاضر، هیدروژئوشیمیایی منابع آب زیرزمینی دشت میاندوآب در استان آذربایجان­غربی، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.
روش­: بدین منظور، با استفاده از آمار و اطلاعات کیفی 51 حلقه چاه مطالعاتی، طی دوره آماری 1393-1397، پارامترهای کیفی، شامل یون­های Mg²⁺، Ca²⁺،Na⁺ ، K⁺، Hco₃^-، So₄^2-، Cl^-، Co₃^2- و شاخص­های TH، TDS، SAR، PH و EC، براساس استانداردهای کیفی آب شرب، کشاورزی و صنعت مورد تحلیل و بررسی قرار گرفتند. با وارد نمودن لایه ­های توصیفی حاصل از تحلیل­های کیفی در نرم­افزار ArcGIS و انتخاب بهترین روش درون­یابی بر اساس تکنیک اعتبارسنجی، نقشه ­های پهنه­ بندی کیفی آبخوان استخراج شدند.
یافته ها: تحلیل پارامترهای مختلف هیدروشیمیایی آب زیرزمینی بر اساس استانداردهای آب شرب وزارت نیرو، حاکی از وضعیت نسبتاً قابل ­قبول آب زیرزمینی دشت دارد، که این امر در نتایج حاصل از تحلیل آب زیرزمینی با روش شولر نیز حاصل گردید. از دیدگاه کشاورزی، مشخص شد که بیشترین وسعت دشت دارای مناطقی با کیفیت آب زیرزمینی شور می­باشد. از لحاظ صنعتی نیز خاصیت رسوب­گذاری در دشت بیشتر از خورندگی نمایان شد.
نتیجه­ گیری: وضعیت کیفی آبخوان، حاکی از تنزل کیفیت آب زیرزمینی از سال 1393 تا 1396 و بهبود وضعیت آن در سال 1397، داشت. نقشه ­های پهنه­ بندی نشان داد که آبخوان میاندوآب از هر سه نظر شرب، کشاورزی و صنعت، در نواحی تغذیه دارای کیفیت و وضعیت ­های بهتری می­باشد. به عبارتی با توجه به ژئوگرافی دشت، مناطق تغذیه آبخوان، در مقایسه با مناطق واقع در نواحی تخلیه، آسیب­ پذیری کمتری را داشته ­اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

درون‌یابی؛ روش شولر؛ روش ویلکاکس؛ شاخص لانژیلر؛ کیفیت آب زیرزمینی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Hydro Geochemical Investigation of Groundwater in Miandoab Plain

نویسندگان [English]

Parisa Pashakhah¹؛ Hossein Babazadeh²؛ Shahram Shahmohammadi-Kalalagh³؛ Mahdi Sarai Tabrizi⁴

¹Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Water Science and Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

²Professor, Department of Water Science and Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

³Associate Professor, Department of Water Science and Engineering, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

⁴Assistant Professor, Department of Water Science and Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Introduction: Knowing the spatial and temporal changes in groundwater quality is one of the important issues for optimal management of groundwater resources. In this study, the hydro geochemical properties of groundwater resources in Miandoab plain (West Azerbaijan province of Iran) were investigated.
Methods: For this purpose, the data of 51 study wells during the time period (from 2014 to 2018) were used. The qualitative parameters such as the amount of Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, HCO₃^-, SO₄^2-, Cl^-, CO₃^2- and the indexes such as TH (Total Hardness), TDS (Total Dissolved Solids), EC (Electrical Conductivity), SAR (Sodium Absorption Ratio) and pH were evaluated based on drinking, agriculture and industry water quality standards. Aquifer qualitative zoning maps were extracted by entering the descriptive layers obtained from the qualitative analysis in ArcGIS software and selecting the best interpolation method based on the validation technique.
Results: The groundwater hydro chemical analysis based on the drinking water standards of the Energy Ministry indicated that the groundwater of the plain is in a relatively acceptable condition. This was also obtained from groundwater analysis by the Schoeller method. It was found that the largest areas of this plain had saline groundwater, in terms of agriculture. Industrially, sedimentation in the plain was more pronounced than corrosion.
Conclusion: Results showed that the aquifer quality declined from 2014 to 2017 and improved in 2018. Zoning maps showed that Miandoab aquifer has better quality and condition in the feeding areas in terms of drinking, agriculture and industry. In other words, according to the geography of the plain, the aquifer feeding areas were less vulnerable than the areas located in the evacuation areas.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Groundwater Quality, Interpolation, Langelier Index, Schoeller Method, Wilcox Method

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