مقایسه اثربخشی بازی‌درمانی مبتنی بر رویکرد گشتالت وآموزش مدیریت رفتاری والدین (PMT) بر سرعت پردازش و حافظه فعال کودکان با نشانه‌های نارسایی توجه- بیش‌فعالی (ADHD)

فصلنامه علمی روش ها و مدل های روانشناختی

مقاله 2، دوره 14، شماره 51، اردیبهشت 1402، صفحه 19-32   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jpmm.2023.31645.3775

نویسندگان

منیره شهراد¹؛ سید داوود حسینی نسب^{* 2}؛ مرضیه علیوندی وفا³

¹دانشجوی دکترای روانشناسی تربیتی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

²استاد گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

³استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 06 اسفند 1401،  تاریخ بازنگری: 26 فروردین 1402،  تاریخ پذیرش: 26 فروردین 1402 

چکیده

مقدمه:
پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقایسه اثربخشی بازی‌درمانی مبتنی بر رویکرد گشتالت وآموزش مدیریت رفتاری والدین بر سرعت پردازش و حافظه فعال کودکان با نشانه‌های نارسایی توجه- بیش‌فعالی انجام شد.
مواد و روش‌ها:
این پژوهش از نظر هدف از نوع تحقیقات کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت داده‌ها از نوع تحقیق کمی و از نظر اجرا، تحقیق نیمه‌تجربی با طرح پیش آزمون-پس آزمون و گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری را کلیه کودکان ۷ الی ۱۲ سال که به دلیل داشتن نشانه‌های نقص توجه/بیش فعالی، در نیمه دوم سال 1400 و سه ماهه اول 1401 به مراکز مشاوره و روانشناسی و درمانگاه بیمارستان رازی شهر تبریز مراجعه کردند، تشکیل می‌دهد. برای انتخاب نمونه‌ی تحقیق، تعداد 16نفر برای هر گروه به شکل نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب‌شده و به شکل گمارش تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه کنترل (48نفر) قرار داده شدند. ابزارهای مورداستفاده پژوهش دو مقیاس سرعت پردازش و حافظه فعال وکسلر4 بود.
یافته‌ها:
براساس نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیره، تفاوت معنی‌داری در میزان اثربخشی دو روش مداخله بازی‌درمانی و مدیریت رفتاری مشاهده شد (05/0>p)؛ بررسی اندازه اثر نشان داد که بیشترین تفاوت در نمره کل سرعت پردازش با ضریب 478/0 مشاهده شد.
نتیجه‌گیری:
در کل، چنین استنباط می‌شود که مداخله بازی‌درمانی مبتنی بر رویکرد گشتالت پتانسیل اثربخشی در جهت افزایش ظرفیت حافظه فعال و سرعت پردازش را دارد و متخصصان آموزشی و درمانی می‌توانند جهت کنترل بیش‌فعالی کودکان، از این مداخله استفاده نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

حافظه فعال؛ سرعت پردازش؛ بازی درمانی مبتنی بر رویکرد گشتالت؛ مدیریت رفتاری والدین؛ نارسایی توجه-بیش فعالی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Play Therapy based on the Gestalt Approach and Parental Behavior Management Training (PMT) on Processing Speed and Working Memory of Children with Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

نویسندگان [English]

Monireh Shahrad¹؛ Seyyed Davoud Hosseini Nasab²؛ Marziye Alivandi Vafa³

¹PhD student, in Educational Psychology, Department of Psychology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.

²Department of Psychology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

³Assistant Professor of psychology, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University,Tabriz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction:
The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of play therapy based on the Gestalt approach and parent behavioral management training on processing speed and working memory of children with signs of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Materials and Methods:
This research was applied research in terms of purpose, quantitative research in terms of the nature of the data, and semi-experimental research with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group in terms of implementation. The statistical population consisted of all children aged 7 to 12 years who referred to counseling and psychology centers and clinics of Razi Hospital in Tabriz in the second half of 2022 and the first quarter of 2023 due to symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. To select the research sample, 16 people were selected for each group in the form of purposeful sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (48 people). The tools used in the research were two Wechsler4 processing speed and working memory scales.
Findings:
Based on the results of multivariate covariance analysis, the effect size values showed that the biggest difference was in the total score of processing speed with a coefficient of 0.478. was observed. The comparison of the interventions showed that the effectiveness of the Gestalt-based play therapy intervention on processing speed and working memory was significantly higher than the parent behavior management training intervention (p<0.05).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

working memory, processing speed, play therapy based on Gestalt approach, parental behavioral management, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

مراجع

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