مـروری بر مهمترین روش‌های تغییر شکل پلاستیک شدید تیتانیـوم

فصلنامه علمی - پژوهشی مواد نوین

دوره 14، شماره 52، مرداد 1402، صفحه 19-41   

نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jnm.2024.32878.2021

نویسندگان

سیدمحمدرضا سده ئی¹؛ محمدرضا مرکی^{* 2}؛ علی جلالی³؛ هادی ایزدی³

¹دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکدگان فنی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

²استادیار، گروه مهندسی مواد، دانشگاه صنعتی بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

³دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی، گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 02 دی 1402،  تاریخ بازنگری: 13 بهمن 1402،  تاریخ پذیرش: 18 بهمن 1402 

چکیده

چکیده
مقدمه: در طی سال­های اخیر، مطالعه تغییرشکل پلاستیک شدید بر اساس فرآیندهای مناسب برای ورق و مواد جامد انجام شده است. با توجه به ضعف برخی خواص و کاربردهای مهم فلز تیتانیوم، این روش­ها موضوعی جذاب برای افزایش راندمان این فلز کاربردی تلقی می­ شود. بنابراین، تلاش‌هایی برای بررسی و توسعه فرآیندهای تغییرشکل پلاستیک شدید موثر و مناسب برای تولید نمونه­ های تیتانیومی صورت گرفته است. تغییرشکل پلاستیک شدید به عنوان روش اصلی برای تولید مواد بسیار ریزدانه و نانوساختار با استحکام و سختی بالا شناخته شده است. مطالعه حاضر در مورد بررسی جدیدترین روش‌های این خانواده مناسب برای تولید نمونه ­های تیتانیومی نانوساختار با دانه‌های فوق‌ریز است. این مطالعه همچنین تأثیر برخی از مهمترین روش‌های مختلف تغییرشکل پلاستیک شدید را بر خواص تیتانیوم نشان و با مقایسه بین آن­ ها بر اساس مزایا و معایب روش ­های تغییرشکل پلاستیک شدید بر اساس دیدگاه پردازش و خواص انجام می ­شود.
یافته­ ها: دما، سرعت روانکاری مناسب 3 عامل اساسی و مهم برای تغییر شکل پلاستیک شدید فلز تیتانیوم است. فراوانی استفاده از سه روش فوق برای فلز تیتانیوم و آلیاژهای آن به ترتیب شامل روش های ایکپ، اتصال نورد تجمعی و اکستروژن برشی ساده می باشد. نقطه ضعفی که در اکثر تحقیقات انجام شده بر روی تیتانیوم فرآوری شده با روش های تغییر شکل پلاستیک شدید مشهود است، عدم بررسی خواص زیست سازگاری تیتانیوم همزمان با خواص مکانیکی آن پس از فرآیند است. تقریباً می­ توان گفت که در هیچ یک از تحقیقات انجام شده در مورد روش های تغییر شکل شدید پلاستیک، خروجی صنعتی خاصی معرفی نشده است و تنها در سطح کار تحقیقاتی باقی مانده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تیتانیوم؛ تغییر شکل پلاستیک شدید؛ اکستروژن برشی ساده؛ ایکپ؛ اتصال نورد تجمعی

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Review of the Most Important Methods for Severe Plastic Deformation of Titanium

نویسندگان [English]

Sayyed Mohammadreza Sedehi¹؛ Mohammadreza Maraki²؛ Ali Jalali³؛ Hadi Ezadi³

¹School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

²Department of Materials Engineering, Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran

³Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birjand University of Technology, Birjand, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
In recent years, extensive studies have been conducted on severe plastic deformation based on suitable processes for sheets and solid materials. Considering the limitations in some properties and crucial applications of titanium metal, these methods are considered intriguing avenues for enhancing the efficiency of this practical metal. Therefore, efforts have been made to investigate and develop effective severe plastic deformation processes for producing titanium samples. Severe plastic deformation is widely recognized as the primary method for producing ultrafine and nanostructured materials with high strength and hardness. This study focuses on exploring the most recent methods in this family suitable for producing nanostructured titanium samples with ultrafine grains. Furthermore, the study assesses the impact of several key severe plastic deformation methods on titanium properties, comparing them based on the advantages and disadvantages of these methods from both processing and property perspectives.
Findings: In this regard, in recent years, severe plastic deformation methods have been introduced and extensively studied. In this research, by examining and reviewing the latest studies related to the advantages and disadvantages of three methods: simple shear extrusion, accumulative roll bonding, and equal channel angular pressing, the following results have been obtained :

All past research indicates that these three methods have a significant and positive impact on the mechanical properties of titanium metal. These positive effects show an increasing acceleration up to a certain number of passes and then reach a saturation point.
Temperature, speed, and appropriate processing are three fundamental and important factors concerning severe plastic deformation of titanium metal.
Some studies suggest that pure titanium metal can also be processed at room temperature using methods of severe plastic deformation.
The frequency of using these methods in relation to titanium metal and its alloys includes methods such as ECAP, accumulative roll bonding, and simple shear extrusion, respectively.
A noticeable weakness in most studies conducted on processed titanium using severe plastic deformation methods is the lack of investigation into the biocompatibility properties of titanium concurrently with its mechanical properties after the process.

6. It can be almost stated that in none of the studies conducted on severe plastic deformation methods, a specific industrial output has been introduced, and it remains at the level of research work.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Titanium, Severe Plastic Deformation, Simple Shear Extrusion, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, Accumulative Roll Bonding

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