بهینه‏ سازی چندهدفه و مدیریت تخصیص پساب تصفیه‏ شده به منظور آبیاری فضای‏ سبز شهری

فصلنامه علمی مهندسی منابع آب

مقاله 5، دوره 16، شماره 59، بهمن 1402، صفحه 61-78   

نوع مقاله: برگرفته از پایان نامه

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/wej.2024.31391.2375

نویسندگان

سیدعلی کاظمی نژادفرد¹؛ اکرم الملوک لاهیجانیان^{* 2}؛ محمدرضا نیکو³؛ امیرحسام حسنی⁴

¹دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

²استاد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، گروه مدیریت محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

³دانشیار دانشکده مهندسی، بخش مهندسی عمران و معماری، دانشگاه سلطان قابوس، مسقط، عمان

⁴استاد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 11 دی 1401،  تاریخ بازنگری: 18 بهمن 1401،  تاریخ پذیرش: 19 بهمن 1402 

چکیده

چکیده
مقدمه: کشور ایران از جمله کشورهای خشک و کم‌آب جهان محسوب می­شود که تأمین آب شرب در بسیاری از شهرهای آن، یکی از معضلات اصلی مدیریت منابع آب شهری می­باشد. در این راستا، یکی از مناسب­ترین روش‌ها برای مبارزه با کم‌آبی، کاهش و محدودسازی استفاده از آب‌های با کیفیت بالا در آبیاری فضای‌ سبز می باشد. لذا نیاز به مدیریت مؤثر در برنامه­ریزی­های کلان شهری در بخش مدیریت منابع آب فضای سبز شهری، به­ویژه در فصل­های گرم سال بیش از پیش احساس می­شود. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بهینه­سازی چندهدفه و مدیریت تخصیص پساب تصفیه­شده با استفاده از مدل های پویایی سیستم (سیستم داینامیک) به­منظور آبیاری فضای سبز شهری در کلان­شهر شیراز می­باشد.
روش­: بدین منظور، عوامل مؤثر بر تأمین منابع آب و آبیاری فضای سبز شهر شیراز، شبیه­سازی شده و با توجه به آن، پیش‌بینی مصارف و میزان منابع در دسترس و بهینه­سازی تخصیص، ارائه شده است. هم­چنین، در پژوهش حاضر، عوامل مؤثر در شرایط فعلی و آینده که می­تواند بر مدل پیشنهادی تأثیرگذار باشد، مورد توجه قرار گرفته و دو سناریو افزایش بازده آبیاری فضای سبز و استفاده از پساب تصفیه­شده اعمال گردیده است.
یافته­ ها: نتایج نشان دادند که افزایش بازده آبیاری از طریق مدیریت انتقال، ذخیره و توزیع آب و هم­چنین آبیاری در ساعات مناسب، تأثیر به مراتب بیش­تری در مقایسه با استفاده از پساب تصفیه‌شده به منظور کاهش برداشت از منابع محدود کنونی خواهد داشت؛ به­گونه­ای که با افزایش راندمان آبیاری به میزان 40 و 50 درصد به­ترتیب مقدار 14 و 39 درصد از کمبودهای آبی برطرف می­شود.
نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج شبیه­سازی نشان داد که به­منظور رسیدن به پایداری سامانه باید ترکیبی از انواع سناریوهای کاهش سرانه­ مصرف آب فضای سبز، افزایش بازده آبیاری، استفاده از پساب تصفیه‌شده و فضاهای خشک­منظر در توسعه فضاهای شهری مدنظر قرار گیرد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

فضای سبز شهری؛ مدیریت منابع آب؛ پساب تصفیه‌شده؛ بهینه‌سازی چندهدفه؛ پویایی سیستم

عنوان مقاله [English]

Multi-objective Optimization and Management of Treated Wastewater Allocation for Urban Green Space Irrigation

نویسندگان [English]

Seyed Ali Kazeminejad fard¹؛ Akramolmolok Lahijanian²؛ Mohammad Reza Nikoo³؛ Amir Hesam Hasani⁴

¹Ph.D. Student, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

²Full Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

³Associate Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman

⁴Full Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Unit, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
Introduction: Effective management in metropolitan planning of urban green space water resources is very important due to the rapid growth of urbanization and the limitation of water resources. The purpose of this research is multi-objective optimization and management of treated wastewater allocation using dynamic system models for urban green space irrigation in Shiraz metropolis.
Methods: The factors affecting the supply of water resources and irrigation of the green spaces of Shiraz city have been simulated and according to that, the consumption forecast and the number of available resources and the allocation optimization have been presented. Also, in the current research, effective factors in the current and future conditions that can affect the proposed model have been taken into consideration, and two scenarios have been applied, including increasing the efficiency of green space irrigation and the use of treated wastewater.
Results: The results showed that increasing the efficiency of irrigation through management of transfer, storage and distribution of water and also irrigation at the right times has a much greater effect compared to the use of purified wastewater in order to reduce the extraction of limited resources. In such a way, by increasing the irrigation efficiency by 40% and 50%, respectively, 14% and 39% of water shortages will be solved.
Conclusion: The simulation results showed that in order to achieve the stability of the system, a combination of scenarios of reducing per capita water consumption in green spaces, increasing irrigation efficiency, using purified wastewater and dry landscaped spaces should be considered in the development of urban spaces.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

urban green space, water resource management, treated wastewater, multi-objective optimization, system dynamics, Shiraz city

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