واکاوی و سنجش مؤلفه‌های آموزشی جهت اصلاح الگوی آموزش معماران به منظور بهینه‌سازی مصرف انرژی در طراحی معماری (نمونه مورد پژوهش: مهندسان معمار استان بوشهر)

دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی رهیافتی نو در مدیریت آموزشی

مقاله 5، دوره 14، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 64، بهمن و اسفند 1402، صفحه 61-75   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jedu.2024.31231.6269

نویسندگان

المیرا امیدوار¹؛ احمد ترکمان^{* 2}؛ محمدعلی رحیمی³

¹دانشجوی دکتری معماری، گروه معماری، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران

²استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران

³استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد بوشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 28 آبان 1401،  تاریخ بازنگری: 10 خرداد 1402،  تاریخ پذیرش: 01 اسفند 1401 

چکیده

مقدمه و هدف: صنعت ساختمان نقش بسزایی در استفاده بهینه از منابع انرژی دارد و واضح است آن چه در عرصه معماری رخ می‌دهد متأثر از شیوه آموزشی معماران بوده و آموزش اصولی در این حوزه می‌تواند منشاء حل بسیاری از معضلات زیست ‌محیطی گردد. این پژوهش در پی یافتن مؤلفه‌های مؤثر بر اصلاح الگوی آموزش معماری با رویکرد بهینه‌سازی مصرف انرژیست.
روش‌شناسی پژوهش: با روش اسنادی دیدگاه‌های صاحبنظران بررسی و جهت استخراج مؤلفه‌های آموزشی از روش تحلیل‌محتوا استفاده گردید. مؤلفه‌های حاصل در اختیار ده نفر از اساتید معماری قرار گرفته و پس از اجماع‌نظر حول مؤلفه‌ها به‌روش دلفی، در قالب پرسشنامه‌ای که پایایی آن از طریق آلفای‌کرونباخ تأئید گردید، در اختیار 82 نفر منتخب با استفاده از فرمول کوکران از 104 معمار پایه دو طراح استان بوشهر قرار‌گرفت. جهت تحلیل داده‌ها، توزیع فراوانی متغیرها با آزمون کولموگراف-اسمیرنوف بررسی و نرمال ‌بودن متغیرها توسط آزمون شاپیرو-ویلکس ارزیابی و با توجه به توزیع نرمال متغیرها، از آزمون ناپارامتریک-ویلکاکسون یک‌نمونه‌ای استفاده و مؤلفه‌ها توسط آزمون فریدمن، رتبه‌بندی شدند.
یافته­ ها: کلیدی‌ترین مؤلفه‌های الگوی آموزش معماران با رویکرد بهینه‌سازی مصرف انرژی به‌ترتیب میزان توجه در سیستم آموزش فعلی، معرفت‌شناسی، اخلاق‌مداری، امور پژوهشی، کارگاه‌های عملی، الگوهای بنیادی، آینده‌نگری، عوامل‌ محیطی، دانش بومی، روزآمدی، شناخت و بازیافت مصالح، بررسی مصادیق می‌باشد. بدیهی ست امتیاز پایین‌تر بمنزله الویت بیشتر جهت گنجاندن مؤلفه مربوطه در الگوی آموزشی پیشنهادی می‌باشد.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: در تدوین الگوی آموزش معماری جهت بهینه‌سازی مصرف انرژی، علاوه بر آموزش مباحث تئوریک، بایستی مؤلفه‌های معرفت‌شناسی، اخلاق‌مداری، امور پژوهشی، کارگاه‌های عملی، الگوهای بنیادی و آینده‌نگری نیز مدنظر باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

طراحی معماری؛ الگوی آموزشی؛ معضلات زیست‌محیطی؛ بهینه‌سازی مصرف انرژی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing and Evaluating Educational Components to Improve the Pattern of Architect Training in Order to Optimize Energy Consumption in Architectural Design (Case Study: Architect of Bushehr Province)

نویسندگان [English]

elmira omidvar¹؛ Ahmad Torkaman²؛ MohammadAli Rahimi³

¹Ph,D. Student of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.

²Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran.

³Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Introduction:The construction industry plays a significant role in the optimal use of energy resources, and it is clear that what happens in the field of architecture is influenced by the way architects are trained, and basic training in this field can be the source of solving many environmental problems. This research seeks to find the effective components to improve the Pattern of architecture education with the approach of optimizing energy consumption.Research Methodology: The views of the experts were investigated with the documentary method and the content analysis method was used to extract the educational components. The resulting components were given to ten architecture professors and after consensus about the components using Delphi method, in the form of a questionnaire whose reliability was confirmed through Cronbach's alpha, they were given to 82 selected people using Cochran's formula from 104 basic architects of the province. Bushehr was placed. In order to analyze the data, the frequency distribution of the variables was checked by the Kolmograph-Smirnov test and the normality of the variables was evaluated by the Shapiro-Wilks test, and according to the normal distribution of the variables, the non-parametric-Wilcoxon one-sample test was used and the components were ranked by the Friedman test.Findings: The findings indicate that the most key components of the architect education Pattern with the approach of optimizing energy consumption, in order of attention in the current education system, epistemology, ethics, research affairs, practical workshops, fundamental patterns, foresight, environmental factors, local knowledge, modernity, recognition and recycling of materials, review There are examples. Obviously, a lower score means a higher priority for including the relevant component in the proposed educational Pattern.Conclusion: In developing the architecture education Pattern to optimize energy consumption, in addition to teaching theoretical topics, the components of epistemology, ethics, research, practical workshops, fundamental Patterns and foresight should also be considered.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Architectural Design, Educational Pattern Environmental Problems, Optimization of Energy Consumption

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