تحلیلی بر تحولات نظام سلسله‌مراتب جمعیتی با تأکید بر جایگاه شهرهای میانی موردمطالعه استان آذربایجان شرقی

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری

دوره 14، شماره 55، اسفند 1402، صفحه 61-78   

نوع مقاله: مقاله برگرفته از پایان نامه

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jupm.2024.32803.4441

نویسندگان

علی تقی پور¹؛ محمدرضا رضایی^{* 2}؛ رحیم سرور³

¹دانشجوی دکتری t رشته جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

²استادیار، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران

³استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 12 آذر 1402،  تاریخ بازنگری: 08 بهمن 1402،  تاریخ پذیرش: 22 بهمن 1402 

چکیده

چکیده
اصطلاح توسعه به‌صورت فراگیر پس از جنگ جهانی دوم مطرح شده است. این پدیده، مقوله­ای ارزشی، چندبعدی و پیچیده است که امروزه به‌عنوان یک فرایند مهم‌ترین بحث کشورها به‌ویژه کشورهای درحال‌توسعه است. توسعه فرایند جامع از فعالیت­های اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی و سیاسی است که هدفش بهبود مداوم زندگی تمامی جمعیت بوده و توزیع عادلانه منابع از ارکان اصلی آن است. هدف اصلی این مقاله، تحلیلی بر تحولات نظام سلسله‌مراتب جمعیتی می‌باشد. تحقیق از نوع کاربردی است و داده‌های مورد نیاز، از نتایج آخرین سرشماری رسمی نفوس و مسکن کشور در سال 1395 گردآوری شده‌اند.  نیمه غربی یا فضای نیمه توسعه‌یافته استان شامل محوری شمالی - جنوبی از جلفا، مرند، تبریز، آذرشهر تا ملکان می‌باشد که در هم‌جواری با شبکه‌های ارتباطی ملی و بین‌منطقه‌ای و شبکه‌های زیربنایی مناسب قرار گرفته‌. استقرار صنایع بزرگ، کارگاه‌های صنعتی کوچک و متوسط، محدوده‌های زراعی آبی و باغی، روستاهای بزرگ، شهرهای پرجمعیت، دامداری‌های صنعتی و فعالیت‌های بازرگانی از ویژگی‌های این پهنه است. نیمه شرقی استان که به دلیل ویژگی‌های طبیعی و کوهستانی بودن منطقه و عدم امکان ارتباط محوری با سایر استان‌های هم‌جوار همواره در محرومیت بوده است اگر چه در برخی موارد قابلیت توسعه در آنها بیشتر از سایر مناطق استان بوده است. استقرار بخش عمده‌ای از روستاهای کم‌جمعیت و پراکنده با اقتصاد غالب رمه‌گردانی و دامداری سنتی، کشاورزی دیم و استقرار شهرهای کم‌جمعیت از ویژگی‌های عمده نیمه شرقی استان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

جمعیت؛ سلسله مراتب؛ حمل‌ و نقل؛ شهر میانی؛ آذربایجان شرقی

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Analysis of the Developments in the Population Hierarchy System with Emphasis on the Position of the Middle Cities Case study: East Azerbaijan Province.

نویسندگان [English]

Ali Taghipour¹؛ Mohamad reza Rezai²؛ rahim sarvar³

¹Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran

²Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht , Iran

³Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
The term development has been widely used since World War II. This phenomenon is a value, multidimensional and complex category that is the most important discussion of countries today, especially developing countries. Development is a comprehensive process of economic, social, cultural and political activities that aims to continuously improve the lives of the entire population and the fair distribution of resources is one of its main pillars. The main purpose of this article is to analyze the evolution of the demographic hierarchy system. The research is applied and the required data have been collected from the results of the last official population and housing census of the country in 2016. The results show that the western half or semi-developed space of the province includes the north-south axis from Julfa, Marand, Tabriz, Azarshahr to Malekan, which is adjacent to national and inter-regional communication networks and suitable infrastructure networks. Establishment of large industries, small and medium industrial workshops, irrigated and horticultural areas, large villages, densely populated cities, industrial livestock and commercial activities are the features of this area. The eastern half of the province, which has always been deprived due to the natural and mountainous features of the region and the impossibility of central communication with other neighboring provinces, although in some cases the potential for development in them has been more than other regions of the province. Conclusion: Establishment of most of the sparsely populated and scattered villages with the dominant economy of traditional herding and animal husbandry, rainfed agriculture and the establishment of sparsely populated cities are the main features of the eastern half of the province.
Extended Abstract
 
Introduction
Distribution of facilities due to past unprincipled policies in industrial and service mechanisms in the growth pole of the region (Tabriz), and the trend of centralization in one or two large cities as dominant cities and spatial imbalances between regional levels are one of the important issues that have arisen due to various factors, influenced by the mechanisms governing economic, social and political structures. This anomaly and imbalance, with the increasing role of the central government and the low presence of local authorities in the economy due to the nature of its concentration and sectionalism, has increased the problems further, and in this regard, the participation of local people has decreased, and large and small cities have not been seen in an integrated whole. Lack of accurate identification of different dimensions of inequalities and disproportionate executive policies to achieve the aforementioned goals.
 
Methodology
This study is of the practical and theoretical type, the method of doing it is descriptive - Analytical, the type of analysis, quantitative. The collected documentation method includes reviewing the research and studies carried out on the topic and using the statistics and data required for Demographic Analysis collected from the statistics center the road and Urban Development Organization and the municipality of Tabriz.
 
Results and discussion
The result was the lack of optimal distribution of facilities, welfare and wealth, the elimination of regional equality, the increase in the development gap and the loss of The main reason for this was also due to the Given that all the efforts of a balanced regional development are based on providing the best conditions and facilities for the comprehensive development of all areas, minimizing and ultimately eliminating the differences in quality of life between different areas and cities, it can be said that the importance of the present research is to attract the attention of development managers and planners to adopt policies and programs to reduce regional inequalities by understanding the different dimensions and angles of the existing situation and identifying the backward areas in the province. In this regard, it is necessary to target the development of deprived areas and cities to distribute economic, social justice in order to reduce inequality. In the meantime, Urban Development Planning and management in the form of regional and national programs plays an important role as a logical and useful strategy to raise imbalances in the region.
 
Conclusion
The distribution of the distribution of cities by surface separation in cities also indicates that firstly, most of the provincial cities are located in the western half. Therefore, the spatial distribution of cities is not uniform in the province. Second, the province lacks a Level 2 city in the settlement system, and this is in turn considered a serious breakdown in the Space Organization of the urban settlements of the province. Thirdly, the distribution of Level 3 and 4 cities is higher in the western half of the province, and in this half, cities at levels 3 and 4 have developed with a smaller distance from each other

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Population, Hierarchy, Transportation, Middle City, East Azerbaijan

مراجع

References

1. Ahadi, b. (2018). Analysis of Changes in Urban System of Fars Province during 1976 to 2011. Haft Hesar Journal of Environmental Studies, 7(25), 51-62. [In Persian]. URL: http://hafthesar.iauh.ac.ir/article-1-610-fa.html
2. Ahangari, N., Mohammadi, S., & Hosseinzade, F. (2015). Function Medium-sized cities in the area of sustainable development (Case study: Bokan). Geographical Planning of Space Quarterly Journal, 5(17), 99-114. [In Persian].
3. Aliakbari, E. (2013). Regional Plans and Centralization in Spatial Structure of Urban Systems Case Study: Kermanshah Province. Journal of Physical Development Planning, 1(2), 37-. 54[In Persian].
4. Babakhanzadeh, E., Pahkideh, E., Far, M. R. H., & Ahangari, S. (2014). The changes of urban hierarchical system in Lorestan Province from 1355 to 1385. Geographical Urban Planning Research, 2(3), 409-433. [In Persian].409-433. 10.22059/JURBANGEO.2014.53065
5. Camagni, R. P. (1993). From city hierarchy to city network: reflections about an emerging paradigm. In Structure and change in the space economy (pp. 66-87): Springer.
6. Camagni, R., Diappi, L., & Leonardi, G. (2017). Urban Growth and Decline in a Hierarchical System: A Supply-Oriented Dynamic Approach. In Seminal Studies in Regional and Urban Economics (pp. 167-182): Springer.
7. Capello, R. (2013). Recent theoretical paradigms in urban growth. European planning studies, 21(3), 316-333.
8. Fang, C., Pang, B., & Liu, H. (2017). Global city size hierarchy: Spatial patterns, regional features, and implications for China. Habitat international, 66, 149-162.
9. Gharakhlou, D. M., B., O., & M, A. (2008). Region Management and Urban Network Analyze of Ardabil Province at 1345-1385. Journal of Applied Researches in Geographical Sciences, 8(11), 73-.97
10. Gharakhlou, M. D., Amini, S. H. H., & Rajaee, S. A. (2008). The role of middle-cities in regional balances Case study: Middle-city of Shahreza. Journal Of Geography and Regional Development Reseach Journal, 6(11). [In Persian].
11. Ghasemi, F., Rezaei, M., & Sotudeh, H. (2013). City Analytical Hierarchical in Fars province during 1966 - 2011. Research and Urban Planning, 4(14), 41-60. [In Persian]. 20.1001.1.22285229.1392.4.14.3.9
12. Ghezelbash, S., Sajadi, J., Sarrafi, M., & Kalantari, M. (2021). Explanation of the regional dynamics and imbalances of Zanjan urban settlements. Journal of Zonal Planing, 11(41), 17-33. [In Persian]. 10.30495/JZPM.2021.3938
13. Hadiyani, Z., & Rahimi, V. (2013). The Role of Middle Cities in Regional Development, Case study: Iranshahr. Journal of Applied Researches in Geographical Sciences, 13(30), 27-47. [In Persian]. URL: http://jgs.khu.ac.ir/article-۱-۱۶۲۱-fa.html
14. Karkehabadi, Z. (2019). Considering and Analyzing changes of urban hierarchy in the sixth decade (1335-1395)(case study: Semnan province). Quarterly of Geography (Regional Planing), 9(4), 445-463.
15. Khammar, G., Khosravi, A., & Kazemi, A. (2021). Analysis and study city hierarchy system of Golestan province with the emphasis on political - administrative changes. Geography and Human Relations, 3(4), 439-459. In Persian] 10.22034/GAHR.2021.283547.1532
16. Khosravi, B., Alizadeh, E. S., & Taati, H. (2020). Assessing the sustainability of villages in the area of influence of medium-sized cities using the AHP method (Case study: Saqez city). Quarterly Journal of Human Geography, 12(4), 502-518. [In Persian].
17. Meijer, M. (1993). Growth and decline of European cities: changing positions of cities in Europe. Urban Studies, 30(6), 981-990.
18. Pourahmad, A., & Khaliji, M. A. (2014). The assessment factors in improving urban services by VIKOR (case study Bonab). Spatial Planning, 4(2), 1-16.
19. Samimiyan, M., & Javadian, R. (2018). the Analysis on the role middle cities Mazandaran province ofregional development (Case study: Babol). Journal of GIS & RS Application in Planing, 9(3), 27-44. [In Persian].
20. Saraei, M. H., Shahkarami, N., Fataei, M., & M.Soltani. (2014). Determining Hierarchical System of Lorestan Province Cities from 1956 to 2011by Using Neighborhood, Entropy, and Class Conflict Limit Models. Journal of Zonal Planing, 4(13), 1-12.
21. Sarvar, R (2013). Ranking of industrial development in Kurdistan province. Urban Management Studies, 5 (13), 36-44. [In Persian].
22. Sarvar, R. (2016). Applied geography and Spatial planinning, Tehran: Samt
23. Sarvar, R., & Khaliji, M. A. (2021). Urban policy in the field of wicked problems. Urban Environmental Planning and Development, 1(1), 1-16. [In Persian].
24. Sarvar, R., & Khaliji, M. A. (2023). Pathology of Land Use Planning in Guilan province. Geographical Studies of Coastal Areas Journal, 3(4), 1-20. [In Persian].
25. Seifolddini, F., Ahmad, A. P., Ziyari, K., & Alwar, S. A. N. D. (2014). Investigation of Contexts and Barriers to Smart Growth in Central Cities Case Study: City of Khorramabad. Town And Country Planning, 5(2), 241-260. [In Persian].
26. Shamaei, A. (2014). Review and Analysis Process of Urban Development System of Ilam Province from 1965 to 2007. Journal of Zonal Planing, 4(14), 45-58.
27. Shoormig, R., & Badrifar, M. (2006). Examination and analysis of urban distribution andSpatial organization of Qazvin Province. Territory, 3(10), 39-62. [In Persian].
28. Taheri, G., Rezaei, M. R., & Amanpor, S. (2019). Geographical analysis of Khuzestan province's urban network during 1956-2016. Quarterly of Geography (Regional Planing), 9(2), 365-380. [In Persian].
29. Taleshim., Aliakbarie., Panahi, & Gh. (2012). Urban hierarchy system changes in Ardabil province during the years1365 - 1385. Geography, 10(32), 75-.
30. Tsydenova, N., Vázquez Morillas, A., & Cruz Salas, A. A. (2018). Sustainability assessment of waste management system for Mexico City (Mexico)—based on analytic hierarchy process. Recycling, 3(3), 45.
31. Von Glahn, R. (2003). Towns and temples: Urban growth and decline in the Yangzi Delta, 1100-1400. In The Song-Yuan-Ming Transition in Chinese History (pp. 176-211): Brill.
32. WILKINSON, R. URBAN GROWTH AND DECLINE. Comparitive Urbanization: City Growth and Change, 1951, 71.
33. Wolff, M., & Wiechmann, T. (2018). Urban growth and decline: Europe’s shrinking cities in a comparative perspective 1990–2010. European Urban and Regional Studies, 25(2), 122-139.
34. Yarahmadi N, Khaliji M, Rezaie M.(2023). Zoning of the Urban Regions of Ahvaz City, Iran, Based on the Social Creativity Effective Factors. GeoRes; 38 (1):83-90
35. Yarahmadi, N., Khaliji, M. A., & Rezaei, M. (2021). Factors and components of effective environmental design in creating creative urban spaces (case study: Ahvaz). Regional Planning, 11(43), 96-108. [In Persian].10.30495/JZPM.2021.29122.3983
36. Zayyari, D. K., & Azizi, M. (2014). The Feature of Abhar, a Medium Sized City, Its Role and Function on Spatial Development of Zanjan Province. Geographical Research, 28(1), 55-74[In Persian].