اصول و روش های مدیریت خشم در بوستان سعدی: دلالت هایی برای مدیران آموزشی

دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی رهیافتی نو در مدیریت آموزشی

مقاله 10، دوره 11، شماره 41، اردیبهشت 1399، صفحه 209-246   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

لیلا خواجه پور¹؛ علی رضا یوسفی^{* 2}؛ نرگس کشتی آرای³

¹دانشجوی دکترای فلسفه تعلیم و تربیت ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان( خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران

²استاد گروه آموزش پزشکی،مرکز تحقیقات آموزش پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان،ایران

³دانشیار ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، واحد اصفهان ( خوراسگان)اصفهان ، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 14 شهریور 1397،  تاریخ پذیرش: 30 اردیبهشت 1399 

چکیده

خشم با عواقب مخرب همراه است و بدین ‌‌دلیل مورد توجه روان‌شناسان، اندیشمندان اخلاق و تعلیم‌ و‌تربیت‌ است و هر یک از آنان به نحوی راهکارهای مدیریتی آن را مورد مطالعه قرارداده‌اند. سعدی از بزرگ‌ترین ادیبان جهان است که عنایت ویژه‌ای به مسائل اخلاقی، عاطفی و تربیتی داشته است و استخراج نکات نهفته آثار او رسالتی بالقوه است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش شناسایی، استخراج اصول و روش‌های«مدیریت خشم» در بوستان سعدی و کاربرد آن برای مدیران آموزشی  است.پژوهش حاضر با روش تحلیل مفهوم انجام گرفت است. حوزه پژوهش در این مطالعه بوستان سعدی است و نمونه با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری نظری انتخاب شد. فهرست کدگذاری مفاهیم به‌دست‌آمده از مدیریت‌خشم در دیدگاه سعدی نشان‌ داد که 1-مدیریت خشم شامل چهار اصل نیک‌نگرانه، فروتنانه، جوانمردانه و آسان‌گیری است 2- روش‌های نیک‌نگرانه شامل: تعقل‌در‌عمل، رعایت آداب‌سخن، مصلحت‌‌‌‌‌‌‌اندیشی، عاقبت‌اندیشی، روش‌های فروتنانه شامل: تواضع‌داشتن و انتقاد‌ پذیربودن، روش‌های جوانمردانه شامل: نکویی‌بابدان، ایثار وگذشت، داشتن انصاف، همدلی‌کردن، روش‌های آسان‌گیری شامل: تحمل و بردباری، نوع‌‌‌‌دوستی، بخشش، مدارا، صلح‌طلبی و نرم‌‌‌خویی است. خشم و مدیریت آن از منظر سعدی ضمن آموزش مفاهیم اخلاقی و عواطف عالیه بشری به‌کاربرده شده و مقوله‌های به‌دست‌آمده این پژوهش می تواند الگوی عمل مدیران‌آموزشی و برنامه‌ریزان درسی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مدیریت خشم؛ بوستان سعدی؛ تحلیل مفهوم؛ اخلاق؛ عاطفه؛ مدیران آموزشی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Principles and Methods of Anger Management in Sa’adi’s Būstān: Implications for Education Administrators

نویسندگان [English]

Leila Khajehpour¹؛ Alireza Yousefi²؛ Narges keshtiaray³

¹Department of Philosophy of Education. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan(Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan.

²Department of Medical Education, Research Center of Medical Education, University of Medical Sciences in Isfahan, Isfahan.

³Assistant professor , department of educational sciences , Islamic Azad university, Isfahan( khorasgan) branch, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

Anger is associated with destructive consequences; therefore, it is of great interest to psychologists, ethical and education scholars and thinkers each of which has somehow studied its management solutions. Sa’adi is one of the world's greatest literary scholars who has a particular interest in ethical, emotional and education issues, and the extraction of hidden implications from his works is a potential mission. The main aim of the present research is to identify the principles and methods of "anger management” in Sa'adi’s Būstān and its application to education administrators. The present study was conducted using the theme analysis method. The research area in this study is Sa'adi’s Būstān and the sample was selected using theoretical sampling method. The coding list of themes derived from anger management in Sa’adi's view revealed that: 1. Anger management includes four principles of goodness, humility, fairness, and easygoingness. 2- goodness methods include contemplation in action, formality of speech, pragmatism, and farseeing; humility methods include self-criticism; fairness methods include goodness with the bad, self-sacrifice, fairness, empathy; and easygoingness methods consist of tolerance, altruism, forgiveness, peace seeking, and pacifism. Anger and its management from Sa’adi’ perspective have been used in teaching moral concepts and high human emotions, and the categories achieved by this research can be a model for the practice of education administrators and curriculum planners.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Anger management, Sa’adi’s Būstān, Theme Analysis, emotion, education administrators

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