تدوین مدل علی سازگاری پس از طلاق بر اساس ویژگی های شخصیت ، سبک دلبستگی و حمایت ادراک شده با نقش میانجی تنظیم شناختی هیجان

فصلنامه علمی روش ها و مدل های روانشناختی

مقاله 5، دوره 13، شماره 50، بهمن 1401، صفحه 69-92   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jpmm.2023.26603.3251

نویسندگان

حجت اله جاوید^* ؛ لیلا مهندس؛ مجید برزگر؛ نادره سهرابی

گروه روانشناسی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران

تاریخ دریافت: 01 آذر 1399،  تاریخ بازنگری: 30 دی 1400،  تاریخ پذیرش: 09 اسفند 1401 

چکیده

مقدمه: هدف از پژوهش حاضر تدوین مدل علی سازگاری پس از طلاق بر اساس ویژگی‌های شخصیتی، سبک دلبستگی و حمایت ادراک‌شده با نقش میانجی تنظیم شناختی‌هیجان بود. این مطالعه از نوع پژوهش‏های همبستگی مبتنی بر الگویابی معادلات ساختاری بود.
مواد و روشها: جامعه آماری این پژوهش کلیه زنان مطلقه نمونه پژوهش 416 زن مطلقه که به صورت تصادفی از میان 15 کلینیک روان شناسی تحت نظر بهزیستی و دادگاه خانواده؛ مراکز تحکیم خانواده؛ انتخاب شدند. در این پژوهش داده‌ها از طریق پرسشنامه‌های سازگاری پس از طلاق فیشر، حمایت ادراک شده زیمت و همکاران، سبک دلبستگی هازن و شیور، ویژگی‌های شخصیت نئو و تنظیم شناختی هیجان گارنفسکی و کرایج جمع‌آوری شد. تحلیل داده‏ها با استفاده از روش الگویابی معادلات ساختاری (SEM) انجام گرفت، جهت بررسی معنی‏داری اثرات غیرمستقیم، روش بوت‏استراپ به کار گرفته شد.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که الگوی پیشنهادی پژوهش از برازش خوبی با داده‏ها برخوردار است. یافته‏ها همچنین حاکی از آن بود که مسیرهای مستقیم تنظیم شناختی هیجان و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده بر سازگاری پس از طلاق معنادار بود. مسیرهای غیرمستقیم ویژگی شخصیتی روان رنجوری، سبک‌های دلبستگی اجتنابی و دوسوگرا بر سازگاری پس از طلاق از طریق تنظیم شناختی هیجان منفی و معنادار بودند. همچنین مسیرهای غیرمستقیم ویژگی شخصیتی برونگرایی، گشودگی، موافق بودن، با وجدان بودن و سبک دلبستگی ایمن مثبت و معنادار می باشد.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: براساس یافته‏های این پژوهش می‏توان نتیجه گرفت که جهت افزایش سازگاری پس از طلاق، توجه به نقش ویژگی‌های شخصیتی، سبک دلبستگی، حمایت اجتماعی ادراک‌شده و تنظیم‌شناختی‌‌هیجان ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

سازگاری پس از طلاق؛ ویژگی های شخصیتی؛ سبک دلبستگی؛ حمایت ادراک شده؛ تنظیم شناختی هیجان

عنوان مقاله [English]

The causal model of post-divorce adjustment Based on Personality Characteristics Attachment Styles, perceived social support with the mediating role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation

نویسندگان [English]

Hojjatullah Javid؛ Leila mohandes؛ m barzegar؛ Nadereh Sohrabi

Department of psychology , marvdasht branch, Islamic azad university, marvdasht, iran

چکیده [English]

Introduction: The aim of this study was to develop a causal model of post-divorce adjustment based on personality traits, attachment style and perceived support with the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation.
Materials and Methods: The study was correlational research based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study was all divorced women Research sample of 416 divorced women; were chosen. In this study, data were collected through adaptation questionnaires after Fisher divorce, perceived support of Zimet et al., Hazen and Schiver attachment style, neo-personality traits, and cognitive emotion regulation of Garnfsky and Craig. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling (SEM) method. To evaluate the significance of indirect effects, bootstrap method was used.
Results: The results showed that the proposed research model has a good fit with the data. The findings also indicated that direct pathways of cognitive emotion regulation and perceived social support were significant for post-divorce adjustment. Indirect pathways of neurotic personality traits, avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles on post-divorce adjustment through cognitive emotion regulation were negative and significant. Indirect paths are also positive and significant personality traits of extraversion, openness, agreement, conscientiousness, and secure attachment style.
Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that in order to increase post-divorce adjustment, it is necessary to pay attention to the role of personality traits, attachment style, perceived social support and cognitive regulation of emotion.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Key words: post-divorce adjustment, personality characteristics, attachment styles, perceived social support, cognitive emotion regulation

مراجع

References

1-Abdi S, Baba Poor, Kheirodin J, Fathi H. Relationship between cognitive emotion regulation styles and general health of students. Journal of University of Medical Sciences of Islamic Republic of Iran’s army. 2010, 8 (4), 258-264.

2- Aghayousefi AR, Tarkhan M, Farmani A. The Role of the Big Five Factors of Personality in Predicting Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies with the Mediating Role of Patience omponents.Quarterly of Clinical Psychology Studies, Allameh Tabataba’i University. 2017, 7(26).

3-Akhundi Darzi M. Qualitative Study of Effective Factors in Adaptation to Post-DivorceConditions in Absolute Women, Master's Thesis, Allameh Tabataba'i University. 2017.

4- Al-Bahrani MA. Post-Divorce Experience within Arab Context: Gender Differences.International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, 2021, 11(3).

5-Allan R. The use of emotionally focused therapy with separated or divorced couples. Canadian Journal of Counselling and Psychotherapy/Revue canadienne de counseling et de psychothérapie. 2016, 14; 50(3s).

6-Ardenghi S, Rampoldi G, Bani M, Strepparava MG. Attachment styles as predictors of self-reported empathy in medical students during pre-clinical years.Patient Education and Counseling, 2020, 103(5), 965-970.

7-Asanjarani F, Jazayeri R, Fatehizade M, Etemadi O, De Mol J. The effectiveness of fisher’s rebuilding group intervention on divorce adjustment and general health of Iranian divorced women.Journal of Divorce & Remarriage. 2018 Feb 17; 59(2):108-22.

8-Asghari F, Ramazaniya H. Comparison of mental health, coping styles and social support in divorced women and normal women. Scientific Journal of Social Psychology. 2015, 3(37). 1-12.

9- Balali T, Etemadi O, Fatehizade M. The Study of Relationship between Psychological factors and Demographic characteristics predicting Post Divorce Adjustment among Divorced Women in Isfahan. Counseling Culture and Psycotherapy. 2011, 2(5): 29-53. [Persian] DOI: 10.22054/qccpc.2011.5900

10-Bara czuk U. The five factor model of personality and alexithymia: A meta-analysis. Journal of Research in Personality, 2019, 78(1): 227-248

11-Barghi Irani Z. Assessment and evaluation of public health and personality and compatibility of divorcing and divorced women of city of Tehran. M.A. thesis. Unpublished. Roodehen Azad University. Persian. 2006.

12- Behnam Moghadam M, Behnam Moghadam A, Yarian S, Hosseini S, Mohammad Hosseini S, Predicting the Quality of Life Based on Public Health, Social Support and Self Efficacy in Cardiovascular Patients. Armaghane danesh. 2014, 19(7), 633-42.

13- Berking M, Poppe C, Luhmann M, Wupperman P, Jaggi V, Seifritz E. Is the association between various emotion-regulation skills and mental health mediated by the ability to modify emotions? Results from two cross-sectional studies. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2012. 43(3), 931-7.

14- Besharat MA, Bazzazian S. Psychometric properties of the ccognitive emotion regulation questionnaire in a sample of Iranian population. Advances in Nursing & Midwifery, 2014, 24(84), 61-70. (In Persian).

15 -Borges LM, Naugle AE. The role of emotion regulation in predicting.personality dimensions. Personality and Mental Health, 2017, 11(4): 314-334.

16- Bourassa KJ, Sbarra DA, Whisman MA. Women in very low quality marriages gain life satisfaction following divorce. J Fam Psychol, 2015, 29(3): 490-9. DOI: 10.1037/fam0000075

17- Brunsting NC, Zachry C, Liu J, BryantR, Fang X, Wu S, Luo Z. Sources of Perceived Social Support, Social-EmotionalExperiences, and sychological Well-Being of International Students. The Journal ofExperimental Education, 2019, 89(1), 95-111.

18- Bruwer B, Emsley R, Kidd M, Lochner C, Seedat S. Psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in youth. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 2008, 49(2), 195-201.

19- Costa PT, McCrae RR. Revised NEO personality inventory (NEO FFI) perofishenal manual. Psycologocal assessment resourses, Odesa, FL. 1992.

20- Costa PT, McCrae RR. Neo PI-R professional manual. 1992.

21- Domaradzka E, Fajkowska M. Cognitive emotion regulation strategies in anxiety and depression understood as types of personality. Frontiers in Psychology, 2018, 9(1): 856-862.

22- Edelweis A, Hermaleni T. Perbedaan Post- Divorce Adjustment ditinjau daristrategi coping pada wanita bercerai. Jurnal Riset Psikologi, 2019, No 3. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jrp.v2019i3.6863

23- Farsijani N, Besharat M A, Moghadamzadeh A. Predicting social adjustment based on attachment styles and cognitive emotion regulation strategies in adolescents. Journal of Psychological Science, 2022, 21(109) :71-88

24- Fazel P, Tahmasebi Garmtani S, Hosseini Almadani S. Post-divorce coaching: a new intervention to facilitate divorce adjustment. Shenakht Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry. 2020, 7(1), 153-175. 

25 -Fisher B, Bierhaus J. Facilitators manual for rebuilding: when your relationship ends (pp 6-25). Co: Fisher publishing Co., Inc. 1994.

26- Fisher BF, Bierhaus J. Facilitator’s Manual for Rebuilding When Your Relationship ends.California: Impact Publisher. 2007.

27- Fuchs NF, Taubner S. Exploring the interplay of attachment style and attachment-related mood on short-term change in mentalization: A pilot study.Personality and Individual Differences, 2019, 144, 94-99.

28- Garnefski N, Kraaij V. Cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire: Development of a short 18-item version (CERQ-short). Personality and Individual Differences, 2006, 41, 1045-1053.

29- Garofalo C, Velotti P, Zavattini GC, Kosson DS. Emotion dysregulation and interpersonal problems: The role of defensiveness. Personality and Individual Differences, 2017, 119: 96 -105.

30- Gross J. Handbook of emotion regulation: Guilford publications. 2013.

31- Gross JJ. Handbook of Emotion Regulation: Adult attachment and emotion regulation. New York: Guilford press. 2014.

32- Haghshenas H. Design of five factorial of personality characteristics. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 2010, 17-34.

33- Hazan C, Shaver PR. Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 52,511-524. Health, 1987, 7(3): 191- 202.

34- Herr NR, Rosenthal MZ, Geiger PJ, Erikson K. Difficulties with emotion regulation mediate the relationship between borderline personality disorder symptom severity and interpersonal problems. Personality and MentalHealth, 2013, 7(3): 191 202.

35- Herrero M, Martínez-Pampliega A, Alvarez I. Family Communication, Adaptation to Divorce and Children’s Maladjustment: The Moderating Role of Coparenting. Journal of Family Communication. 2020, 23(3), 112-117.

36-Hu T, Xiao J, Peng J, Kuang X, He B. Relationship between resilience, social support as well as anxiety/depression of lung cancer patients: A cross-sectional observation study. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 2018, 14, 72-77.

37- Huang CY, Costeines J, Ayala C, Kaufman JS. Parenting Stress, Social Support, and Depression for Ethnic Minority Adolescent Mothers: Impact on Child Development. J Child Fam Stud. 2014, 23(2):255-6

38- Jafari Nodooshan A, Zare H, Hosseini Hanzaei A, Poursalehi Navideh M, Zeini M. A Comparative Study of Mental Health, Adjustment, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation among Married Women and Divorcees in Yazd City. Journal of Woman and Society, 2015, 6(22): 1-16.

39- Jalali H, Addelyan Rasi H. Social Support and Dyadic Adjustment Among Women Applicants for the Divorce. Quarterly journal of social work. 2015, 4 (4); 5-16.

40- Karademas EC, Roussi P. Financial strain, dyadic coping, relationship satisfaction, and psychological distress: A dyadic mediation study in Greek couples. Stress and Health; 2017, 33:508–517.

41- Khodadadi JF, Sharififard SA, Asgari S. Investigating the Role of Attachment Styles and Mental Health in Interpersonal Relationships. Family Counseling and Psychotherapy, 2019, 1, 75- 88.

42- Lee SJ, Chae H. Is the cognitive emotion regulation strategy related to Yin-Yang personality traits? European Journal of Integrative Medicine, 2019, 26: 24-30.

43- Lee HS, Kim C. Structural Equation Modeling to Assess Discrimination, Stress, Social Support, and Depression among the Elderly Women in South Korea.Asian Nursing Research, 2016, 10(3), 182-188.

44- Lewczuk K, Kobylinska D, Marchlewska M, Krysztofiak M, Glica A, Moiseeva V, Adult attachment and health symptoms: The mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties. Current Psychology. 2018, 38(145):1-14.

45- Li J, Han X, Wang W, Cheng Z. How social support influences university students' academic achievement and emotional exhaustion: The mediating role of self-esteem. Learning and Individual Differences 2018, 61:120–126.

46- Matthews T, Danese A, Wertz J, Odgers CL, Ambler A, Moffitt TE, Arseneault L. Social isolation, loneliness and depression in young adulthood: a behavioural genetic analysis. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2016, 51(3), 339-348.

47- McCredie MN, Kurtz JE. Prospective prediction of academic erformance in college using self- and informant-rated personality traits. Journal of Research in Personality. 2020, 85: 47-61.

48- McLean CP, Zang Y, Gallagher T. Trauma-related cognitions and cognitive emotion regulation as mediators of PTSD change among treatment-seeking active-duty military Personnel with PTSD.Behavior Therapy; In Press, 2019.

49- Mehradsadr M, Chalabianloo Gh, Abdi R. The role of personality traits and cognitive development in predicting emotion regulation strategies.Quarterly of Educatinal Psychology, Allameh Tabataba’i University, 2017, 13(44).

50- Mikulincer M, Shaver PR. Adult attachment and compassion: Normative and individual difference components. The Oxford handbook of compassion science, 2017, 79-90

51- Mikulincer M, Shaver PR Attachment orientations and emotion regulation. Current Opinion in Psychology. 2019, 25:6–10

52- Moskowitz J. Emotion and coping: Guilford Publications; 2016

53- Motahari. Rad MM, Behroozi N, Boroumandnasab M. Comparison of Divorced and Normal Couples in Psychological Adjustment and Economic Social Religious and Emotion Regulation Insights Relationship, Journal of Motor and Behavioral Sciences. 2019, 2(3): 219-229

54- Namdari A, Nouri N. Roles of Perceived Social Support and Resilience in Women's Post-Divorce Adjustment.Iranian Journal of social problems . 2018, 9: 25-50.

55- Navabinejad S, Mohammadi R, Karami Y, Fallah E. Divorce means for divorced person perspective: A phenomenological qualitative study. Journal of Woman and Society. 2017, 8(3): 93-115. [Persian]

56- Nguyen AKD, Murphy LE, Tylavsky FA, Pagani LS. Prospective associations between ASD screening scores, parenting stress, and later socio-emotionalcognitive maturity in a community-based birth cohort. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2019, 59, 46-57.

57- Nielsen SK, Lonfeldt N, Wolitzky-Taylor KB, Hageman I, Vangkilde S, Daniel IF. Adult attachment style and anxiety- The mediating role of emotion regulation. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2017; 218:253-59.

58- Nikoogoftar M, Jazayeri F. Five-factor traits of personality are a predictor of mothers’ aggression. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology. 2019, 20 (2), 76: 58-68.

59- Oldham JT. Divorce, Separation and the Distribution of Property. New York: Law Journal Press. 2018.

60- Pakdaman S. The relationship between attachment and community seeking in adolescence.Journal of Psychology Sciences. 2004, 3(9), 25-47. (persian)

61- Parvin LA, John OP. Personality. Kadivar P, Javadi MJ (Persian translator). Tehran: Rasa publication. 2011.

62- Parrigon KS, Kerns KA, Movahed Abtahi M, Koehn A. Attachment and emotion in middle childhood and adolescence. Psychol Topics 2015: 24: 27-50.

63- Pascuzzo K, Moss E, Cyr C. Attachment and emotion regulation strategies in predicting adult psychopathology. SAGE Open. 2015, 5, 59-72.

64- Pereira‑Morales AJ, Adan A, Sandra Lopez‑Leon S, Diego A, Forero DA. "Personality traits and health‑related quality of life: the mediator personality dimensions. Personality and Mental Health, 2018, 11(4): 314-334.

65- Pin S, Spini D. Impact of falling on social participation and social support trajectories in a middle-aged and elderly European sample.SSM-Population Health, 2016, 2, 382 -389.

66- Porter E, Chambless DL. Social anxiety and social support in romantic relationships. Behavior Therapy, 2017, 48(3), 335-348

67- Potthoff S, Garnefski N, Miklósi M, Ubbiali A, Domínguez-Sánchez FJ, Martins EC, Witthöft M, Kraaij V. Cognitive emotion regulation and psychopathology across cultures: A comparison between six European countries. Personality and Individual Differences, 2016, 25(2),

218-224.

68- Pournaghash Tehrani SS, Mortazavifar S, Mortazavifar S. The effect of social support and emotion regulation strategies on predicting the mental health of people with multiple sclerosis; 2020, 19 (89) :529-539.
URL: http://psychologicalscience.ir/article-1-42-fa.html

69- Rahimi A, Sohrabi N, Rezaei A, Sarvghad S. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Therapy and Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment on Cognitive Thrice Adjustment in Patients Consuming Stimulants, Journal of Methods and Psychological Models, 2017, 8(30) , 2.

70- Razagh Pour M, Hoseinzadeh AA. The mediating role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in the relationship between personality traits with somatization symptoms of female university students. Quarterly of Applied Psychology, 2019, 13(2): 295-316.

71- Read DL, Clark GI, Rock AJ, Coventry WL. Adult attachment and social anxiety: The mediating role of emotion regulation strategies. PLoS One. 2018, 13(12): e0207514

72- Rogers M, Pattenden R, Pullen J, Bickerdike A. Women and separation (Managing new horizons). Australia: Relationships Australia Victoria and beyondblue. 2017. role of coping strategies and psychological distress". Ann Gen Psychiatry, 17:25.

73- Sadat Goli Z, Mirseify fard LS, Hassanzadehbenam H. Effectiveness of Coping Skills Training on Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Adjustment after Divorce in Divorced Women. Medical Journal of Mashhad.University of Medical Sciences, 2019, 61, 296-308 .

74- Şahin DS, Özer Ö, Yanardağ MZ. Perceived social support, quality of life and satisfaction with life in elderly people.EducationalGerontology, 2019, 45(1): 69-77.

75-Sedighi K, Saffarian Toos MR, Khadivi Gh. Fisher’s Rebuilding Model of Divorce Effect on Distress and Depression in DivorcedWomen. J Res Behav Sci, 2019, 17(2): 303-313.

76-Shahmoradi S. Predicting divorce based on personality traits, mental disorders and demographic characteristics. Cultural and Educational Quarterly of Women and Family, 2015, 35, 61-80.

77- Shahmohammadi N, Mokhtari M. Intermediary Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Relation to Perceived Social Support with Aca-demic Achievement of High School Students, 2018, 11(42), 181-205. doi: 10.22034/jsfc. 2018.82699

78- Shaver PR, Mikulincer M. Adult attachment and emotion regulation. In J. J. Gross (Ed.), Handbook of emotion regulation (2nd Ed., pp. 237-250). New York: Guilford Press. 2014.

79- Shaver PH, Mikulincer M. Adult Attachment Orientations and Relationship Processes.Journal of family Theory &Review. 2012, 4(4).50-62.

80- Taghavi Dinani P, Bagheri F, Khalatbari J. Modeling of predisposing factors of divorce in cultural and social condition of Tehran. Journal of Psychological Science.2020, 19, 93, 1163-1173.

81- Tajalli P, Sobhi A, Ganbaripanahah A. The Relationship between Daily Hassles and Social Support on Mental Health of University Students. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2010, 5, 99–103.

82- Takano T, Mogi K. Adult attachment style and lateral preferences in physical proximity. Biosystems, 2019, 181, 88-94.

83- Trub L, Starks TJ. Insecure attachments: Attachment, emotional regulation, sexting and condomless sex among women in relationships. Computers in Human Behavior, 2017, 71:140-7.

84- Vafaei L, Soleimanian AA, Mohammadzadeh Ebrahimi A .The Effectiveness of “Forgiveness-Based Group Counseling” on Postdivorce Women's Adjustment. Journal of Health Promotion Management, 2020, 9, (2).

85- Vahedi SH, Badri Gargari R, Gholami S. Mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between the attachment styles and emotional problems: A path analysis. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 2016, 10(4):1-8.

86- Van Gasse D, Mortelmans D. Reorganizing the single? parent family system: Exploring the process perspective on divorce. Family Relations. 2020, doi:10.1111/fare.12432.

87- Velotti P, Casselman RB, Garofalo C, McKenzie MD. Unique when your relationship ends, 6-25. Co: Fisher publishing Co., Inc. 2017.

88- Vukalovich D, Caltabiano N. The effectiveness of a community group intervention program on adjustment to separation and divorce. J Divorce Remarriage, 2018, 48(3-4): 145-68. DOI: 10.1300/J087v48n03_09

89- Wind B, Dewilde C. Home-ownership and housing wealth of elderly divorcees in ten European countries. Ageing & Society, 2018, 38(2), 267-95.

90- Wong ST, Wu A, Gregorich S, Pérez-Stable EJ. What Type of Social Support Influences Self-Reported Physical and Mental Health Among Older Women .Journal of Aging and Health, 2014, 26(4), 663-678.

91- Woodhead EL, Northrop L, Edelstein B. Stress, Social Support, and Burnout Among Long-Term Care Nursing Staff. J Appl Gerontol. 2016; 35(1):84-105.

92- Xu N, Zhao S, Xue H, Fu W, Liu L, Zhang T, Huang R, Zhang N. Associations of perceived social support and positive psychological resources with fatigue symptom in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One, 2017, 12(3).

93- Zare M, Rezaei AM. Mediating Role of the Cognitive Emotional Regulation for Personality Characters and Marital Satisfaction. Journal of Psychological Methods and Models .2016, 7(24), 91-102.

94- Zarean M, Sadidpoor S. A meta-analysis of divorce-related research: individual vs. social factors. Lranian Journal of Social Problems, 2017, 7(2), 191 -218. [Persian]

95- Zohrabniya E, Sanaei Zaker B, Kiamanesh A, Zahrakar K. Comparison of the efficacy of emotion-focused therapy and cognitive-behavior therapy on post-divorce adjustment and self-esteem of divorced women. J of Psychological Science. 2022; 21(109): 207-227.